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  1. Article ; Online: Differences in Receipt of Time Alone with Healthcare Providers Among US Youth Ages 12-17.

    So, Marvin

    Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM

    2024  Volume 37, Issue 2, Page(s) 309–315

    Abstract: Background: Time to meet privately with a health care provider can support optimal adolescent health, but numerous barriers exist to implementing this practice routinely.: Methods: We examined parent reports on their children aged 12 to 17 from a ... ...

    Abstract Background: Time to meet privately with a health care provider can support optimal adolescent health, but numerous barriers exist to implementing this practice routinely.
    Methods: We examined parent reports on their children aged 12 to 17 from a nationally generalizable sample to quantify the presence of time alone with health care providers at the state and national level, as well as socio-contextual correlates using logistic regression analysis.
    Results: We estimated that only 1 in 2 adolescents had a confidential discussion at their last medical visit. Certain child, family, and health care factors were associated with lower likelihood for having had confidential discussions. Specifically, adolescents who were Asian; did not have mental, emotional, or behavioral problems; were uninsured; or lived in households with parents who were immigrants, less educated, or did not speak English had significantly lower odds for having had time alone compared with referent groups.
    Discussion: Clinical and structural efforts to rectify these gaps may assist a broader share of youth in benefiting from private health care discussions with providers.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Adolescent ; Female ; Male ; Child ; United States ; Health Services Accessibility/statistics & numerical data ; Logistic Models
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-05-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2239939-2
    ISSN 1558-7118 ; 1557-2625
    ISSN (online) 1558-7118
    ISSN 1557-2625
    DOI 10.3122/jabfm.2023.230222R1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Tracing the Bullet.

    So, Marvin

    Family medicine

    2023  Volume 55, Issue 5, Page(s) 348–349

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 639374-3
    ISSN 1938-3800 ; 0742-3225
    ISSN (online) 1938-3800
    ISSN 0742-3225
    DOI 10.22454/FamMed.2023.722968
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    Zs.A 2327: Show issues Location:
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  3. Article ; Online: Severed Medicines.

    So, Marvin

    Clinical pediatrics

    2022  Volume 62, Issue 7, Page(s) 796–798

    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 207678-0
    ISSN 1938-2707 ; 0009-9228
    ISSN (online) 1938-2707
    ISSN 0009-9228
    DOI 10.1177/00099228221144849
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    Zs.A 454: Show issues Location:
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  4. Article ; Online: When Words Fail: Love's Rightful Place in Medicine.

    So, Marvin

    Annals of family medicine

    2022  Volume 20, Issue 3, Page(s) 277–278

    Abstract: Early in my medical training, I shared an intimate connection with a patient that took me by surprise. How was it that I could come to feel so strongly about someone I had only just met? The experience prompted me to contemplate the transcendent, curious ...

    Abstract Early in my medical training, I shared an intimate connection with a patient that took me by surprise. How was it that I could come to feel so strongly about someone I had only just met? The experience prompted me to contemplate the transcendent, curious relationship entwining patients and clinicians, and reflect on how such a relationship squared with my own conceptions of love and caregiving. Though it is sometimes argued that transferring our emotions onto patients beyond direct clinical concerns can bias or tarnish the medicine we provide, I contend these emotions can be cherished and prudently explored rather than swept away.
    MeSH term(s) Attitude of Health Personnel ; Caregivers/psychology ; Emotions ; Humans ; Love ; Medicine ; Physician-Patient Relations ; Physicians/psychology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2171425-3
    ISSN 1544-1717 ; 1544-1709
    ISSN (online) 1544-1717
    ISSN 1544-1709
    DOI 10.1370/afm.2814
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    Zs.A 6065: Show issues Location:
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  5. Article ; Online: "We want to be heard": Perspectives on mental health care among patients at a federally qualified health center.

    So, Marvin / Carlson, Kari

    Annals of family medicine

    2022  Volume 20, Issue 20 Suppl 1

    Abstract: Context: Depression is a debilitating condition associated with significant medical, social, and economic costs for individuals and communities. Despite its widespread prevalence, depression is typically under-identified and under-treated, particularly ... ...

    Abstract Context: Depression is a debilitating condition associated with significant medical, social, and economic costs for individuals and communities. Despite its widespread prevalence, depression is typically under-identified and under-treated, particularly for people of color and lower socioeconomic status. Primary care settings such as federally qualified health centers (FQHCs) offer an ideal opportunity to rectify this gap for underserved communities.
    Objective: From 2020-2021, we conducted a phone-based, qualitative assessment to understand what factors hindered and helped patients diagnosed with depression at a FQHC in receiving needed mental healthcare.
    Study design: Qualitative study employing inductive (i.e., grounded theory) and deductive techniques to identify core themes.
    Setting: Patients of a single FQHC in Minneapolis with major depressive disorder or dysthymia (per ICD-10 diagnosis) were included. Patients with other mood disorders or receiving palliative care were excluded.
    Population studied: 906 FQHC patients were eligible in the overall sample, and a purposive sampling approach was used to interview 34 patients with diverse functional status, race/ethnicity, and insurance status. The analytic sample was majority non-White (32% Black, 24% Latinx, 15% Other), 20% Spanish-speaking, and 60% publicly insured.
    Results: Interviews revealed multiple barriers (factors that impeded access) and facilitators (factors that enabled access) to the uptake of mental healthcare that patients encountered, from first presentation for care, initial depression diagnosis, all the way through to remission of depression symptoms. Salient barriers included feeling dismissed by providers, cost concerns, internal and external communication breakdowns, gaps in provider continuity, the patient portal, and perceptions of mental health among certain sub-populations (e.g., Black community). Salient facilitators included the clinic organization's, staff friendliness and warmth, strategies to provide care in light of patients' financial situation, existing provider relationships for physical health needs, language concordance, the option for telehealth visits, and the clinic's overall social mission.
    Conclusion: The identified factors cast light on opportunities at multiple levels for community-based outpatient clinics to better support patients with mental health needs, and ultimately narrow persistent gaps in access.
    MeSH term(s) Depressive Disorder, Major/diagnosis ; Depressive Disorder, Major/therapy ; Hispanic or Latino ; Humans ; Insurance Coverage ; Mental Health ; Qualitative Research
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2171425-3
    ISSN 1544-1717 ; 1544-1709
    ISSN (online) 1544-1717
    ISSN 1544-1709
    DOI 10.1370/afm.20.s1.3167
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  6. Article ; Online: Training on Corrections and Health Within U.S. Academic Health Professions Education: A Scoping Review.

    So, Marvin / Fields, Donte / Ajoku, Nneka / Wyatt, Christopher

    Journal of correctional health care : the official journal of the National Commission on Correctional Health Care

    2023  Volume 29, Issue 5, Page(s) 370–383

    Abstract: Despite the scale, inequity, and consequences of mass incarceration, health care provider knowledge and awareness on correctional health remain limited. Understanding the educational experiences of health professions learners and the studies used to ... ...

    Abstract Despite the scale, inequity, and consequences of mass incarceration, health care provider knowledge and awareness on correctional health remain limited. Understanding the educational experiences of health professions learners and the studies used to evaluate them can provide useful information about current gaps to guide future curricular improvement. To address this need, we conducted a scoping review of peer-reviewed studies examining United States-based academic health professions educational programs on correctional health. Studies were coded based on study characteristics, learner outcomes, and degree to which they contained elements described in relevant position statements by two professional medical associations. Overall, 27 articles (1975-2021) were included. Learner outcomes were primarily documented at the "reactions" (93%) and "learning" (52%) levels of the Kirkpatrick model (1979), relative to "behaviors" (11%) and "long-term outcomes" (0%). Comparison of curricula to select position statements revealed multiple content gaps in the realms of prevalent conditions requiring expertise (e.g., violence and self-harm); ethical and medical-legal considerations (e.g., privatization of correctional health care); and correctional health care systems, structures, and administration. Taken together, findings highlight gaps in, and opportunities for, correctional health educational programs. Addressing health care workforce training needs is a necessary yet insufficient step to achieving health equity for populations affected by incarceration.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2233559-6
    ISSN 1940-5200 ; 1078-3458
    ISSN (online) 1940-5200
    ISSN 1078-3458
    DOI 10.1089/jchc.22.06.0042
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  7. Article ; Online: "Many people know nothing about us": narrative medicine applications at a student-run free clinic.

    So, Marvin / Sedarski, Emma / Parries, Megan / Sick, Brian

    Journal of interprofessional care

    2023  Volume 37, Issue 6, Page(s) 1018–1026

    Abstract: Narrative medicine is an approach to healthcare that acknowledges the stories of patients' lives both within and beyond the clinical setting. Narrative medicine has been increasingly recognized as a promising tool to support modern educational needs in ... ...

    Abstract Narrative medicine is an approach to healthcare that acknowledges the stories of patients' lives both within and beyond the clinical setting. Narrative medicine has been increasingly recognized as a promising tool to support modern educational needs in health professions training, such as interprofessional practice, while enhancing quality of care. Here, we describe the development, implementation, and application of a narrative medicine program at the University of Minnesota Phillips Neighborhood Clinic. First, in a qualitative analysis of patient stories (
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Narrative Medicine ; Student Run Clinic ; Interprofessional Relations ; Communication ; Students
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1099758-1
    ISSN 1469-9567 ; 0884-3988 ; 1356-1820
    ISSN (online) 1469-9567
    ISSN 0884-3988 ; 1356-1820
    DOI 10.1080/13561820.2023.2218885
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    Zs.A 2172: Show issues Location:
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  8. Article ; Online: Pushed Out and Drawn In: Exclusionary Discipline, Mental Health, and Protective Factors Among Youth in Public Schools.

    So, Marvin / Freese, Rebecca L / Barnes, Andrew J

    The Journal of school health

    2023  Volume 94, Issue 2, Page(s) 128–137

    Abstract: Background: Exclusionary discipline (ED) has long been an educational equity concern, but its relationship with student health and protective factors is less understood.: Methods: Using population-based public school student data (N = 82,216), we ... ...

    Abstract Background: Exclusionary discipline (ED) has long been an educational equity concern, but its relationship with student health and protective factors is less understood.
    Methods: Using population-based public school student data (N = 82,216), we examined associations between past-month ED and positive depression and anxiety screening instrument results. We also assessed whether each of 9 potential protective factors moderated the ED-mental health relationship by testing interaction effects.
    Results: Over 1 in 10 youth experienced past-month ED, with variation by sex, gender identity, special education status, poverty, region, race/ethnicity, and adverse childhood experiences. Net of sociodemographic factors, youth who experienced ED had higher likelihood for current depression (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.64, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.55, 1.73) and anxiety (AOR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.41, 1.58) symptoms. Significant associations were robust across 5 racial/ethnic groups, except for anxiety among American Indian/Alaska Native youth. Individual, interpersonal, and school-level protective factors appeared to mitigate depression and anxiety regardless of disciplinary experience.
    Implications for school health policy, practice, and equity: Our findings document ED disproportionality and possible ramifications for emotional well-being.
    Conclusions: In concert with structural efforts to reduce reliance on ED, strategies that bolster protective factors may support youth already impacted by ED and/or mental health problems.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Male ; Female ; Adolescent ; Mental Health ; Protective Factors ; Gender Identity ; Schools ; Ethnicity/psychology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 952835-0
    ISSN 1746-1561 ; 0022-4391
    ISSN (online) 1746-1561
    ISSN 0022-4391
    DOI 10.1111/josh.13405
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  9. Article ; Online: "We want to be heard": A Qualitative Study of Mental Health Care Access among Patients of an Urban Federally Qualified Health Center.

    So, Marvin / Makofane, Jacob / Hernandez, Miguel

    Mental health science

    2023  Volume 1, Issue 4, Page(s) 261–269

    Abstract: Introduction: Although depression is common in primary care, challenges to timely intervention exist, particularly for communities of color and lower socioeconomic status. Our objective was to understand barriers and facilitators to mental healthcare ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Although depression is common in primary care, challenges to timely intervention exist, particularly for communities of color and lower socioeconomic status. Our objective was to understand barriers and facilitators to mental healthcare access among a sample of patients receiving care at a federally qualified health center (FQHC) in Minnesota, United States.
    Methods: We qualitatively interviewed 34 patients of an urban FQHC, purposively sampled on race/ethnicity, insurance status, language, and depression symptom status (based on Patient Health Questionnaire-9 responses). We inductively and deductively analyzed interview data, leveraging theory in both the codebook development and analysis processes.
    Results: Participants, who were predominantly English-speaking, female, not privately insured, and people of color, shared numerous barriers and facilitators to accessing mental healthcare. Prominent barriers primarily concerned healthcare providers, including perceived dismissal of mental health concerns and challenges with provider continuity. Additional barriers included the costs of mental health care, communication breakdowns, the patient portal, and community-specific perceptions of mental health. Prominent facilitators included clinic organizational factors (internal and external) and staff friendliness and warmth. Other factors including consideration of patients' financial situation, integrated management of behavioral and physical health conditions, language concordant staff, the telehealth visit modality, and the clinic's social mission were also raised as facilitating access.
    Conclusion: Patient voices from a single FQHC illustrate the challenges and possibilities of providing mental healthcare in safety net settings. Clinical, strategy, and policy solutions can be tailored to minimize barriers and optimize facilitators documented herein.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2642-3588
    ISSN (online) 2642-3588
    DOI 10.1002/mhs2.41
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  10. Article ; Online: Effect of Virtual Versus In Person Interpreting on Diabetes Outcomes in Non-English Language Preference Patients: A Pilot Study.

    So, Marvin / Jadoo, Hailie / Stong, Jennifer / Klemenhagen, Kristen C / Philbrick, Ann M / Freeman, Kathryn

    Journal of primary care & community health

    2024  Volume 15, Page(s) 21501319241240347

    Abstract: Objective: The objective of this pilot study was to explore the impact of interpreter format (virtual vs in person) on clinical outcomes in patients with non-English language preference (NELP) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a primary care ... ...

    Abstract Objective: The objective of this pilot study was to explore the impact of interpreter format (virtual vs in person) on clinical outcomes in patients with non-English language preference (NELP) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a primary care setting. We hypothesized that NELP patients utilizing in person interpreters would have improved HbA1c values, better follow-up rate, and more complex care plans compared to patients utilizing virtual interpreters.
    Methods: We completed a retrospective chart review of 137 NELP patients with T2DM who required a medical interpreter (February to June 2021). We calculated univariate and bivariate statistics to characterize the sample and assess the extent to which measures of continuity (follow-up visit rate and time to follow-up visit), quality (change in HbA1c), and complexity (medication intervention complexity) were associated with interpreter type.
    Results: There was no statistically significant difference in follow-up rate or average days to follow-up visit for NELP patients with in person as opposed to virtual interpreters. Patients with virtual interpreters demonstrated a non-statistically significant decrease in HbA1c compared to those with in person interpreters. Finally, there was no statistically significant association between interpreter format and intervention complexity.
    Conclusions: Quality medical interpretation contributes to optimal health outcomes in NELP patients with diabetes. Our study suggests that both in person and virtual interpreters can be effective in providing care for NELP patients, especially for chronic disease management in the context of a primary care relationship. It also highlights the importance of pursuing additional qualitative and mixed method studies to better understand the benefits of various interpreter formats across different visit types.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Pilot Projects ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy ; Female ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Translating ; Aged ; Communication Barriers ; Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis ; Language ; Adult ; Primary Health Care/methods
    Chemical Substances Glycated Hemoglobin
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2550221-9
    ISSN 2150-1327 ; 2150-1319
    ISSN (online) 2150-1327
    ISSN 2150-1319
    DOI 10.1177/21501319241240347
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