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  1. Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 is not found in the sweat of COVID-19 positive patients.

    Arslan, Bengi / Bercin, Sami / Aydogan, Sibel / Islamoglu, Yuce / Dinc, Bedia

    Irish journal of medical science

    2021  Volume 191, Issue 1, Page(s) 27–29

    Abstract: ... Conclusion: This study showed that there is no transmission of SARS-CoV-2 virus via sweat. However, general ... determined well.: Aims: This study aimed to reveal the presence of SARS-CoV-2 virus in sweat.: Methods ... Background: As the SARS-CoV-2 virus made a pandemic all over the world, its transmission routes ...

    Abstract Background: As the SARS-CoV-2 virus made a pandemic all over the world, its transmission routes became significant. Transmission from human to human is known, but other possible routes are not determined well.
    Aims: This study aimed to reveal the presence of SARS-CoV-2 virus in sweat.
    Methods: This prospective study was conducted in a tertiary care education and training hospital. Fifty patients were included in this study. Skin disinfection was done with an alcohol-based solution. Swabs for RT-PCR (real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction) were taken from forehead and axilla skin after sweating patients for 30 min. After collection of sweat, swabs were placed into 2 ml of sterile viral transport medium, then transported quickly to the microbiology laboratory.
    Results: No SARS-CoV-2 virus was detected in RT-PCR of forehead and axilla swabs.
    Conclusion: This study showed that there is no transmission of SARS-CoV-2 virus via sweat. However, general precautions must be taken while doing interventional procedures.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Humans ; Prospective Studies ; RNA, Viral ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Sweat ; Sweating
    Chemical Substances RNA, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-12
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 390895-1
    ISSN 1863-4362 ; 0021-1265
    ISSN (online) 1863-4362
    ISSN 0021-1265
    DOI 10.1007/s11845-021-02537-y
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Detection of SARS-CoV-2 by Canine Olfaction: A Pilot Study.

    Maurer, Maureen / Seto, Todd / Guest, Claire / Somal, Amendeep / Julian, Catherine

    Open forum infectious diseases

    2022  Volume 9, Issue 7, Page(s) ofac226

    Abstract: ... severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are needed. The number of COVID-19 cases reported globally is >455 ... dog screened 153 patients for SARS-CoV-2 in a hospital setting with 96% diagnostic sensitivity and 100 ... remains unvaccinated. Evidence suggests that SARS-CoV-2 virus-associated volatile organic compounds found ...

    Abstract Background: As the number of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases continue to surge worldwide and new variants emerge, additional accurate, rapid, and noninvasive screening methods to detect severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are needed. The number of COVID-19 cases reported globally is >455 million, and deaths have surpassed 6 million. Current diagnostic methods are expensive, invasive, and produce delayed results. While COVID-19 vaccinations are proven to help slow the spread of infection and prevent serious illness, they are not equitably available worldwide. Almost 40% of the world's population remains unvaccinated. Evidence suggests that SARS-CoV-2 virus-associated volatile organic compounds found in the breath, urine, and sweat of infected individuals can be detected by canine olfaction. Medical detection dogs may be a feasible, accurate, and affordable SARS-CoV-2 screening method.
    Methods: In this double-blinded, case-control, validation study, we obtained sweat samples from inpatients and outpatients tested for SARS-CoV-2 by a polymerase chain reaction test. Medical detection dogs were trained to distinguish SARS-CoV-2-positive samples from SARS-CoV-2-negative samples using reward-based reinforcement.
    Results: Samples were obtained from 584 individuals (6-97 years of age; 24% positive SARS-CoV-2 samples and 76% negative SARS-CoV-2 samples). In the testing phase, all dogs performed with high accuracy in detecting SARS-CoV-2. The overall diagnostic sensitivity was 98%, and specificity was 92%. In a follow-up phase, 1 dog screened 153 patients for SARS-CoV-2 in a hospital setting with 96% diagnostic sensitivity and 100% specificity.
    Conclusions: Canine olfaction is an accurate and feasible method for diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2, including asymptomatic and presymptomatic infected individuals.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2757767-3
    ISSN 2328-8957
    ISSN 2328-8957
    DOI 10.1093/ofid/ofac226
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  3. Article ; Online: Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Urine by RT-LAMP

    Juan García-Bernalt Diego / Pedro Fernández-Soto / Juan Luis Muñoz-Bellido / Begoña Febrer-Sendra / Beatriz Crego-Vicente / Cristina Carbonell / Amparo López-Bernús / Miguel Marcos / Moncef Belhassen-García / Antonio Muro

    Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 11, Iss 158, p

    A Very Rare Finding

    2022  Volume 158

    Abstract: Detection of SARS-CoV-2 is routinely performed in naso/oropharyngeal swabs samples from patients ... a very rare finding. The absence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in urine in the recovered patients might suggest ... are consistent with those obtained in other studies that the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in urine is ...

    Abstract Detection of SARS-CoV-2 is routinely performed in naso/oropharyngeal swabs samples from patients via RT-qPCR. The RT-LAMP technology has also been used for viral RNA detection in respiratory specimens with both high sensitivity and specificity. Recently, we developed a novel RT-LAMP test for SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection in nasopharyngeal swab specimens (named, N15-RT-LAMP) that can be performed as a single-tube colorimetric method, in a real-time platform, and as dry-LAMP. To date, there has been very little success in detecting SARS-CoV-2 RNA in urine by RT-qPCR, and the information regarding urine viral excretion is still scarce and not comprehensive. Here, we tested our N15-RT-LAMP on the urine of 300 patients admitted to the Hospital of Salamanca, Spain with clinical suspicion of COVID-19, who had a nasopharyngeal swab RT-qPCR-positive ( n = 100), negative ( n = 100), and positive with disease recovery ( n = 100) result. The positive group was also tested by RT-qPCR for comparison to N15-RT-LAMP. Only a 4% positivity rate was found in the positive group via colorimetric N15-RT-LAMP and 2% via RT-qPCR. Our results are consistent with those obtained in other studies that the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in urine is a very rare finding. The absence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in urine in the recovered patients might suggest that the urinary route is very rarely used for viral particle clearance.
    Keywords SARS-CoV-2 ; urine ; COVID-19 ; RT-LAMP ; RT-qPCR ; molecular diagnostics ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Prolonged presence of SARS-CoV-2 in feces of pediatric patients during the convalescent phase

    Xing, Yuhan / Ni, Wei / Wu, Qin / Li, Wenjie / Li, Guoju / Tong, Jianning / Song, Xiufeng / Xing, Quansheng

    Abstract: Background: Severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a newly identified virus ... whereas persistent presence of viral RNA was found in stools of all children. One case had fecal SARS-CoV-2 turned ... in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Most published studies focus on adult populations ...

    Abstract Background: Severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a newly identified virus which mainly spreads from person-to-person. Fecal shedding of SARS-CoV-2 has been constantly reported in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Most published studies focus on adult populations, whereas data concerning pediatric patients is relatively scarce. Methods: From January 17, 2020 to March 6, 2020, three pediatric cases of COVID-19 were reported in Qingdao, Shandong Province, China. Epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics and treatment data of these children were collected. Real-time fluorescence reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA in throat swabs and fecal specimens. Results: All the three pediatric cases were household contacts of adults whose symptoms developed earlier. There has been no evidence showing the virus was transmitted from the children to others. Severity of disease of these children was mild to moderate and fever was the most consistent and predominant symptom at onset of illness (two cases had body temperature higher than 38.5 Celsius). All children showed increased lymphocytes (>4.4*109/L) with normal white blood cell counts on admission. One child had elevated serum levels of procalcitonin and C-reaction protein. Radiological changes were not typical for COVID-19. All children showed good response to supportive treatment. Clearance of SARS-CoV-2 in respiratory tract occurred within two weeks after abatement of fever, whereas persistent presence of viral RNA was found in stools of all children. One case had fecal SARS-CoV-2 turned negative 8 days after throat swabs showing negative, while that of another child lagged behind for 20 days. At the time of writing, one child still had positive results for RT-PCR analysis in stools after negative conversion of viral RNA in respiratory samples (over 19 days behind). Conclusions: Pediatric patients with COVID-19 are very different from adult patients in regards to epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics. Prolonged shedding of SARS-CoV-2 in stools of infected children indicates the potential for the virus to be transmitted through fecal excretion. Massive efforts should be made at all levels to prevent spreading of the infection among children after reopening of kindergartens and schools.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher MedRxiv; WHO
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1101/2020.03.11.20033159
    Database COVID19

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