Article ; Online: COVID-19 Disease Severity Risk Factors for Pediatric Patients in Italy.
2020 Volume 146, Issue 4
Abstract: ... COVID-19) pediatric patients aged <18 years in Italy.: Methods: Data from the national case-based ... among 511 hospitalized patients, 3.5% were admitted in ICU, and 4 deaths occurred. Lower risk of disease ... represent severity risk factors. A better understanding of the infection in children may give important ...
| Abstract | Objectives: To describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pediatric patients aged <18 years in Italy. Methods: Data from the national case-based surveillance system of confirmed COVID-19 infections until May 8, 2020, were analyzed. Demographic and clinical characteristics of subjects were summarized by age groups (0-1, 2-6, 7-12, 13-18 years), and risk factors for disease severity were evaluated by using a multilevel (clustered by region) multivariable logistic regression model. Furthermore, a comparison among children, adults, and elderly was performed. Results: Pediatric patients (3836) accounted for 1.8% of total infections (216 305); the median age was 11 years, 51.4% were male, 13.3% were hospitalized, and 5.4% presented underlying medical conditions. The disease was mild in 32.4% of cases and severe in 4.3%, particularly in children ≤6 years old (10.8%); among 511 hospitalized patients, 3.5% were admitted in ICU, and 4 deaths occurred. Lower risk of disease severity was associated with increasing age and calendar time, whereas a higher risk was associated with preexisting underlying medical conditions (odds ratio = 2.80, 95% confidence interval = 1.74-4.48). Hospitalization rate, admission in ICU, disease severity, and days from symptoms onset to recovery significantly increased with age among children, adults and elderly. Conclusions: Data suggest that pediatric cases of COVID-19 are less severe than adults; however, age ≤1 year and the presence of underlying conditions represent severity risk factors. A better understanding of the infection in children may give important insights into disease pathogenesis, health care practices, and public health policies. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Adolescent ; Age Factors ; Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Comorbidity ; Coronavirus Infections/diagnosis ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/mortality ; Coronavirus Infections/therapy ; Critical Care ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Italy/epidemiology ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/diagnosis ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/mortality ; Pneumonia, Viral/therapy ; Population Surveillance ; Risk Factors ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Severity of Illness Index |
| Keywords | covid19 |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2020-07-14 |
| Publishing country | United States |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| ZDB-ID | 207677-9 |
| ISSN | 1098-4275 ; 0031-4005 |
| ISSN (online) | 1098-4275 |
| ISSN | 0031-4005 |
| DOI | 10.1542/peds.2020-009399 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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