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  1. Article ; Online: Obesity and cancer pathogenesis.

    Berger, Nathan A

    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

    2014  Volume 1311, Page(s) 57–76

    Abstract: ... by which the intestinal microbiome affects obesity and cancer. ... Overweight and obesity have reached pandemic levels on a worldwide basis and are associated ... this association are reviewed, with a focus on the relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus and cancer ...

    Abstract Overweight and obesity have reached pandemic levels on a worldwide basis and are associated with increased risk and worse prognosis for many but not all malignancies. Pathophysiologic processes that affect this association are reviewed, with a focus on the relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus and cancer, lessons learned from the use of murine models to study the association, the impact of obesity on pancreatic cancer, the effects of dietary fats and cholesterol on cancer promotion, and the mechanisms by which the intestinal microbiome affects obesity and cancer.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Body Mass Index ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/pathology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/physiopathology ; Dietary Fats ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Mice ; Obesity/complications ; Obesity/pathology ; Obesity/physiopathology ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/etiology ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/physiopathology ; Risk Factors
    Chemical Substances Dietary Fats
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-04-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
    ZDB-ID 211003-9
    ISSN 1749-6632 ; 0077-8923
    ISSN (online) 1749-6632
    ISSN 0077-8923
    DOI 10.1111/nyas.12416
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Obesity-associated epigenetic alterations and the obesity-breast cancer axis.

    Lagarde, Courtney B / Kavalakatt, Joachim / Benz, Megan C / Hawes, Mackenzie L / Arbogast, Carter A / Cullen, Nicole M / McConnell, Emily C / Rinderle, Caroline / Hebert, Katherine L / Khosla, Maninder / Belgodere, Jorge A / Hoang, Van T / Collins-Burow, Bridgette M / Bunnell, Bruce A / Burow, Matthew E / Alahari, Suresh K

    Oncogene

    2024  Volume 43, Issue 11, Page(s) 763–775

    Abstract: Both breast cancer and obesity can regulate epigenetic changes or be regulated by epigenetic ... critical. Researchers have described how obesity and breast cancer modulate the epigenome individually and ... cancer, understanding how obesity-mediated epigenetic changes affect breast cancer pathogenesis is ...

    Abstract Both breast cancer and obesity can regulate epigenetic changes or be regulated by epigenetic changes. Due to the well-established link between obesity and an increased risk of developing breast cancer, understanding how obesity-mediated epigenetic changes affect breast cancer pathogenesis is critical. Researchers have described how obesity and breast cancer modulate the epigenome individually and synergistically. In this review, the epigenetic alterations that occur in obesity, including DNA methylation, histone, and chromatin modification, accelerated epigenetic age, carcinogenesis, metastasis, and tumor microenvironment modulation, are discussed. Delineating the relationship between obesity and epigenetic regulation is vital to furthering our understanding of breast cancer pathogenesis.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Female ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Breast Neoplasms/genetics ; Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; DNA Methylation ; Histones/metabolism ; Obesity/complications ; Obesity/genetics ; Tumor Microenvironment/genetics
    Chemical Substances Histones
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 639046-8
    ISSN 1476-5594 ; 0950-9232
    ISSN (online) 1476-5594
    ISSN 0950-9232
    DOI 10.1038/s41388-024-02954-0
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Obesity and Cancer: A Current Overview of Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Outcomes, and Management.

    Pati, Sukanya / Irfan, Wadeed / Jameel, Ahmad / Ahmed, Shahid / Shahid, Rabia K

    Cancers

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 2

    Abstract: ... the relationship between obesity and the risk associated with the development and recurrence of cancer and ... the keywords 'obesity' and cancer' were used. The search was limited to research papers published in English ... of cancer, cancer incidence and the risk of recurrence, and the management of obesity.: Results: About 4 ...

    Abstract Background: Obesity or excess body fat is a major global health challenge that has not only been associated with diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease but is also a major risk factor for the development of and mortality related to a subgroup of cancer. This review focuses on epidemiology, the relationship between obesity and the risk associated with the development and recurrence of cancer and the management of obesity.
    Methods: A literature search using PubMed and Google Scholar was performed and the keywords 'obesity' and cancer' were used. The search was limited to research papers published in English prior to September 2022 and focused on studies that investigated epidemiology, the pathogenesis of cancer, cancer incidence and the risk of recurrence, and the management of obesity.
    Results: About 4-8% of all cancers are attributed to obesity. Obesity is a risk factor for several major cancers, including post-menopausal breast, colorectal, endometrial, kidney, esophageal, pancreatic, liver, and gallbladder cancer. Excess body fat results in an approximately 17% increased risk of cancer-specific mortality. The relationship between obesity and the risk associated with the development of cancer and its recurrence is not fully understood and involves altered fatty acid metabolism, extracellular matrix remodeling, the secretion of adipokines and anabolic and sex hormones, immune dysregulation, and chronic inflammation. Obesity may also increase treatment-related adverse effects and influence treatment decisions regarding specific types of cancer therapy. Structured exercise in combination with dietary support and behavior therapy are effective interventions. Treatment with glucagon-like peptide-1 analogues and bariatric surgery result in more rapid weight loss and can be considered in selected cancer survivors.
    Conclusions: Obesity increases cancer risk and mortality. Weight-reducing strategies in obesity-associated cancers are important interventions as a key component of cancer care. Future studies are warranted to further elucidate the complex relationship between obesity and cancer with the identification of targets for effective interventions.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-12
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2527080-1
    ISSN 2072-6694
    ISSN 2072-6694
    DOI 10.3390/cancers15020485
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: The Impact of Obesity on Endometrial Cancer

    Agata Kolano / Anna Pejas / Szymon Markowiak / Marta Wardęszkiewicz / Wiktoria Jabłońska / Amelia Kasprzak / Maciej Świercz / Monika Truchta / Aleksandra Mańkowska

    Journal of Education, Health and Sport, Vol

    A Comprehensive Analysis

    2024  Volume 51

    Abstract: ... and focused on PubMed articles using keywords: Endometrial cancer, Obesity, Mortality, Prevention ... Pathogenesis Description of the State of Knowledge: Obesity significantly impacts EC development and prognosis ... in developed countries and its incidence is increasing worldwide. Obesity is a prominent risk factor associated ...

    Abstract Introduction and purpose: Endometrial cancer [EC] is the most common gynecological cancer in developed countries and its incidence is increasing worldwide. Obesity is a prominent risk factor associated with its incidence and progression. The aim of study: The article aims to provide a thorough explanation of the mechanisms through which obesity can contribute to the development of EC. Additionally, it emphasizes the crucial role of combating excess adipose tissue as a significant component of cancer prevention specifically targeting endometrial cancer. Material and method: The literature review applied standard criteria and focused on PubMed articles using keywords: Endometrial cancer, Obesity, Mortality, Prevention, Pathogenesis Description of the State of Knowledge: Obesity significantly impacts EC development and prognosis, particularly in Type I cases. It modifies adipose tissue metabolism, affecting the release of various substances linked to tumor growth and mortality risk.The relative risks escalate with increasing BMI. Following an EC diagnosis, higher BMI, especially ≥40, significantly associates with increased overall mortality risk. On a preventive front, exercise showcases its potential in reducing EC risk by moderating insulin and estrogen levels. Summary: These findings underscore the critical role of obesity in both EC development and prognosis, emphasizing the potential for preventive measures. Without proactive measures, the worldwide obesity epidemic will persist, exerting a substantial effect on EC occurrences.
    Keywords Endometrial cancer ; Obesity ; Obesity risk ; Obesity mortality ; Obesity prevention ; Obesity pathogenesis ; Education ; L ; Sports ; GV557-1198.995 ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Kazimierz Wielki University
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article: The Role of Adipokines in Tumor Progression and Its Association with Obesity.

    Kim, Jae Won / Kim, Jun Hyeok / Lee, Yoon Jae

    Biomedicines

    2024  Volume 12, Issue 1

    Abstract: Obesity is a well-established risk factor for various malignancies and emerging evidence suggests ... molecules secreted by adipose tissue and their altered expression in obesity contributes to a pro ... such as resistin, apelin, and chemerin, which are overexpressed in obesity, may also possess oncogenic functions ...

    Abstract Obesity is a well-established risk factor for various malignancies and emerging evidence suggests that adipokines play a pivotal role in linking excess adiposity to tumorigenesis. Adipokines are bioactive molecules secreted by adipose tissue and their altered expression in obesity contributes to a pro-inflammatory, pro-angiogenic, and growth-promoting microenvironment conducive to tumorigenesis. Leptin, a key adipokine, activates survival and proliferative signaling pathways whereas adiponectin exhibits tumor-suppressive effects by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Visfatin has also been documented to promote tumor growth, angiogenesis, migration, and invasion. Moreover, emerging studies suggest that adipokines, such as resistin, apelin, and chemerin, which are overexpressed in obesity, may also possess oncogenic functions. Despite advancements in our understanding of the roles of individual adipokines in cancer, the intricate interplay and crosstalk between adipokines, tumor cells, and the tumor microenvironment remain complex and multifaceted. This review highlights the evolving knowledge of how adipokines contribute to obesity-related tumorigenesis, shedding light on the potential of targeting adipokine signaling pathways as a novel therapeutic approach for obesity-associated cancers. Further research on the specific mechanisms and interactions between adipokines and tumor cells is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of obesity-associated cancer pathogenesis.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-03
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2720867-9
    ISSN 2227-9059
    ISSN 2227-9059
    DOI 10.3390/biomedicines12010097
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: The Role of Obesity in Breast Cancer Pathogenesis.

    Glassman, Ira / Le, Nghia / Asif, Aamna / Goulding, Anabel / Alcantara, Cheldon Ann / Vu, Annie / Chorbajian, Abraham / Mirhosseini, Mercedeh / Singh, Manpreet / Venketaraman, Vishwanath

    Cells

    2023  Volume 12, Issue 16

    Abstract: ... cancer. We aim to review the role of obesity in breast cancer pathogenesis and novel therapies mediating ... obesity-associated breast cancer development. We explore the association between body mass index (BMI) and ... in breast cancer warrants continued investigation, in relation to both pathogenesis and treatment of breast ...

    Abstract Research has shown that obesity increases the risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (Type 2 DM) by promoting insulin resistance, increases serum estrogen levels by the upregulation of aromatase, and promotes the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by macrophages. Increased circulating glucose has been shown to activate mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a significant signaling pathway in breast cancer pathogenesis. Estrogen plays an instrumental role in estrogen-receptor-positive breast cancers. The role of ROS in breast cancer warrants continued investigation, in relation to both pathogenesis and treatment of breast cancer. We aim to review the role of obesity in breast cancer pathogenesis and novel therapies mediating obesity-associated breast cancer development. We explore the association between body mass index (BMI) and breast cancer incidence and the mechanisms by which oxidative stress modulates breast cancer pathogenesis. We discuss the role of glutathione, a ubiquitous antioxidant, in breast cancer therapy. Lastly, we review breast cancer therapies targeting mTOR signaling, leptin signaling, blood sugar reduction, and novel immunotherapy targets.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Obesity/complications ; Estrogens ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases ; Neoplasms
    Chemical Substances Reactive Oxygen Species ; Estrogens ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases (EC 2.7.11.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-14
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2661518-6
    ISSN 2073-4409 ; 2073-4409
    ISSN (online) 2073-4409
    ISSN 2073-4409
    DOI 10.3390/cells12162061
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Pathophysiology of obesity and its associated diseases.

    Jin, Xin / Qiu, Tingting / Li, Li / Yu, Rilei / Chen, Xiguang / Li, Changgui / Proud, Christopher G / Jiang, Tao

    Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 6, Page(s) 2403–2424

    Abstract: ... has been achieved in preclinical and clinical studies, the progression and pathogenesis of obesity ... the development and progression of obesity-associated diseases. Although some progress in the treatment of obesity ... the treatment of obesity and associated diseases. In this review, we review the links between obesity and ...

    Abstract The occurrence of obesity has increased across the whole world. Many epidemiological studies have indicated that obesity strongly contributes to the development of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, liver diseases and other disorders, accounting for a heavy burden on the public and on health-care systems every year. Excess energy uptake induces adipocyte hypertrophy, hyperplasia and formation of visceral fat in other non-adipose tissues to evoke cardiovascular disease, liver diseases. Adipose tissue can also secrete adipokines and inflammatory cytokines to affect the local microenvironment, induce insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and activate associated inflammatory signaling pathways. This further exacerbates the development and progression of obesity-associated diseases. Although some progress in the treatment of obesity has been achieved in preclinical and clinical studies, the progression and pathogenesis of obesity-induced diseases are complex and unclear. We still need to understand their links to better guide the treatment of obesity and associated diseases. In this review, we review the links between obesity and other diseases, with a view to improve the future management and treatment of obesity and its co-morbidities.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-13
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2211-3835
    ISSN 2211-3835
    DOI 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.01.012
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: "Time" for obesity-related cancer: The role of the circadian rhythm in cancer pathogenesis and treatment.

    Miro, Caterina / Docimo, Annamaria / Barrea, Luigi / Verde, Ludovica / Cernea, Simona / Sojat, Antoan Stefan / Marina, Ljiljana V / Docimo, Giovanni / Colao, Annamaria / Dentice, Monica / Muscogiuri, Giovanna

    Seminars in cancer biology

    2023  Volume 91, Page(s) 99–109

    Abstract: ... of circadian rhythm is associated with an increased risk of developing obesity and obesity-related diseases ... As the perturbation of circadian rhythm has adverse metabolic consequences (e.g., obesity) and at the same time tumor ... the development and prognosis of different types of obesity-related cancers (breast, prostate, colon rectal and ...

    Abstract The circadian rhythm is regulated by an intrinsic time-tracking system, composed both of a central and a peripheral clock, which influences the cycles of activities and sleep of an individual over 24 h. At the molecular level, the circadian rhythm begins when two basic helix-loop-helix/Per-ARNT-SIM (bHLH-PAS) proteins, BMAL-1 and CLOCK, interact with each other to produce BMAL-1/CLOCK heterodimers in the cytoplasm. The BMAL-1/CLOCK target genes encode for the repressor components of the clock, cryptochrome (Cry1 and Cry2) and the Period proteins (Per1, Per2 and Per3). It has been recently demonstrated that the disruption of circadian rhythm is associated with an increased risk of developing obesity and obesity-related diseases. In addition, it has been demonstrated that the disruption of the circadian rhythm plays a key role in tumorigenesis. Further, an association between the circadian rhythm disruptions and an increased incidence and progression of several types of cancer (e.g., breast, prostate, colorectal and thyroid cancer) has been found. As the perturbation of circadian rhythm has adverse metabolic consequences (e.g., obesity) and at the same time tumor promoter functions, this manuscript has the aim to report how the aberrant circadian rhythms affect the development and prognosis of different types of obesity-related cancers (breast, prostate, colon rectal and thyroid cancer) focusing on both human studies and on molecular aspects.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Humans ; Circadian Rhythm/genetics ; Cryptochromes/genetics ; Period Circadian Proteins/genetics ; Obesity/complications ; Thyroid Neoplasms
    Chemical Substances Cryptochromes ; Period Circadian Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1033980-2
    ISSN 1096-3650 ; 1044-579X
    ISSN (online) 1096-3650
    ISSN 1044-579X
    DOI 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.03.003
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Adiponectin Inhibits the Progression of Obesity-Associated Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Through Autophagy.

    Li, Changlin / Zhang, Jiao / Dionigi, Gianlorenzo / Liang, Nan / Guan, Haixia / Sun, Hui

    Endocrinology

    2024  Volume 165, Issue 5

    Abstract: Context: Obesity is a risk factor for the development of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC ... of adiponectin in TC pathogenesis.: Conclusion: Adiponectin is involved in development of obesity-related PTC ... Adiponectin can directly inhibit thyroid cancer growth and metastasis through the autophagy pathway. ...

    Abstract Context: Obesity is a risk factor for the development of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). However, the molecular mechanisms by which obesity promotes PTC are unclear.
    Objective: This study aims to identify adipokines that are linked to PTC progression.
    Methods: An adipokine antibody array was used to determine the serum levels of 40 adipokines in normal-weight and obese PTC patients. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the serum levels of adiponectin. Recombinant human adiponectin was produced by human adipose-derived stem cells and used to treat PTC cells. Cell proliferation and migration were evaluated using the CCK8 and Transwell assays. Bioinformatics analysis was used to predict mechanisms by which adiponectin affects PTC.
    Results: Adipokines differentially expressed between normal-weight and obese patients showed a gender-dependent pattern. Obese PTC patients had a significantly lower serum adiponectin level than normal-weight patients, especially in female individuals. Adiponectin levels were negatively correlated with aggressive features of PTC, including tumor diameter > 1 cm, extrathyroidal extension, and lymph node metastasis. Recombinant human adiponectin inhibited the proliferation and migration of human PTC cells in vitro. Bioinformatics analysis identified adiponectin receptor 2 (ADIPOR2) and the autophagy pathway as possible mediators of adiponectin function in TC. In vitro experiments confirmed that adiponectin activated autophagy in PTC cells. These findings shed new lights into the role and mechanisms of adiponectin in TC pathogenesis.
    Conclusion: Adiponectin is involved in development of obesity-related PTC. Adiponectin can directly inhibit thyroid cancer growth and metastasis through the autophagy pathway.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Humans ; Adipokines ; Adiponectin ; Autophagy ; Carcinoma, Papillary/metabolism ; Carcinoma, Papillary/pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Obesity/complications ; Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/metabolism ; Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology
    Chemical Substances Adipokines ; Adiponectin ; ADIPOQ protein, human
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 427856-2
    ISSN 1945-7170 ; 0013-7227
    ISSN (online) 1945-7170
    ISSN 0013-7227
    DOI 10.1210/endocr/bqae030
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Metabolically healthy obesity and health risks - a review of meta-analyses.

    Čermáková, Erika / Forejt, Martin

    Central European journal of public health

    2024  Volume 32, Issue 1, Page(s) 3–8

    Abstract: ... depressive syndrome. In addition, all people with obesity are at risk of pathogenesis resulting ... risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic kidney disease, and ... healthy obesity in the context of health risks.: Methods: The PubMed database was searched for relevant ...

    Abstract Objective: This article briefly summarizes the results of existing research on metabolically healthy obesity in the context of health risks.
    Methods: The PubMed database was searched for relevant meta-analyses addressing metabolically healthy obesity in the context of health risks.
    Results: We included a total of 17 relevant meta-analyses in this review. The results of the studied meta-analyses showed that metabolically healthy obesity may be only a transient condition associated with an increased risk of developing metabolic abnormalities in the future. People with obesity without metabolic abnormalities have an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic kidney disease, and depressive syndrome. In addition, all people with obesity are at risk of pathogenesis resulting from the mechanical stress caused by presence of abnormal adipose tissue, such as sleep apnoea syndrome or skin problems.
    Conclusion: Based on the results of meta-analyses, we recommend motivating all obese patients to change their lifestyle regardless of the presence of metabolic defects.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology ; Meta-Analysis as Topic ; Obesity/epidemiology ; Obesity, Metabolically Benign ; Risk Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-05
    Publishing country Czech Republic
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1176053-9
    ISSN 1803-1048 ; 1210-7778 ; 0022-1732
    ISSN (online) 1803-1048
    ISSN 1210-7778 ; 0022-1732
    DOI 10.21101/cejph.a7806
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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