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  1. Article: Amino acid transport across mammalian intestinal and renal epithelia.

    Bröer, Stefan

    Physiological reviews

    2008  Volume 88, Issue 1, Page(s) 249–286

    Abstract: The transport of amino acids in kidney and intestine is critical for the supply of amino acids ... of mammalian epithelial cells. Transport of amino acids across the apical membrane not only makes use of sodium ... disturbances of amino acid transport. The identification of most epithelial amino acid transporters over ...

    Abstract The transport of amino acids in kidney and intestine is critical for the supply of amino acids to all tissues and the homeostasis of plasma amino acid levels. This is illustrated by a number of inherited disorders affecting amino acid transport in epithelial cells, such as cystinuria, lysinuric protein intolerance, Hartnup disorder, iminoglycinuria, dicarboxylic aminoaciduria, and some other less well-described disturbances of amino acid transport. The identification of most epithelial amino acid transporters over the past 15 years allows the definition of these disorders at the molecular level and provides a clear picture of the functional cooperation between transporters in the apical and basolateral membranes of mammalian epithelial cells. Transport of amino acids across the apical membrane not only makes use of sodium-dependent symporters, but also uses the proton-motive force and the gradient of other amino acids to efficiently absorb amino acids from the lumen. In the basolateral membrane, antiporters cooperate with facilitators to release amino acids without depleting cells of valuable nutrients. With very few exceptions, individual amino acids are transported by more than one transporter, providing backup capacity for absorption in the case of mutational inactivation of a transport system.
    MeSH term(s) Amino Acid Transport Systems/physiology ; Amino Acids/metabolism ; Animals ; Biological Transport/physiology ; Epithelium/metabolism ; Humans ; Intestines/metabolism ; Kidney/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Amino Acid Transport Systems ; Amino Acids
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 209902-0
    ISSN 1522-1210 ; 0031-9333
    ISSN (online) 1522-1210
    ISSN 0031-9333
    DOI 10.1152/physrev.00018.2006
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Neutral amino acid transport mediated by ortholog of imino acid transporter SIT1/SLC6A20 in opossum kidney cells.

    Ristic, Zorica / Camargo, Simone M R / Romeo, Elisa / Bodoy, Susana / Bertran, Joan / Palacin, Manuel / Makrides, Victoria / Furrer, Esther M / Verrey, François

    American journal of physiology. Renal physiology

    2006  Volume 290, Issue 4, Page(s) F880–7

    Abstract: ... amino acid transporter. A similar double role could be envisaged for SIT1 in mammalian kidney proximal tubule and ... Most neutral l-amino acid acids are transported actively across the luminal brush-border membrane ... OK also displays a Na(+)-dependent B(0)-type neutral l-amino acid transport, although with a slightly ...

    Abstract Most neutral l-amino acid acids are transported actively across the luminal brush-border membrane of small intestine and kidney proximal tubule epithelial cells by a Na(+) cotransport system named B(0) that has been recently molecularly identified (B(0)AT1, SLC6A19). We show here that the opossum kidney-derived cell line OK also displays a Na(+)-dependent B(0)-type neutral l-amino acid transport, although with a slightly differing substrate selectivity. We tested the hypothesis that one of the two B(0)AT1-related transporters, SLC6A18 (ortholog of orphan transporter XT2) or SLC6A20 (ortholog of the recently identified mammalian imino acid transporter SIT1), mediates this transport. Anti-sense RNA to OK SIT1 (oSIT1) but not to OK XT2 (oXT2) inhibited Na(+)-dependent neutral amino acid transport induced by OK mRNA injected in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Furthermore, inhibition of oSIT1 gene expression in OK cells by transfection of siRNA and expression of shRNA selectively reduced the Na(+)-dependent uptake of neutral l-amino acids. Finally, expression of OK cell oSIT1 cRNA in X. laevis oocytes induced besides the transport of the l-imino acid l-Pro also that of neutral l-amino acids. Taken together, the data indicate that in OK cells SIT1 (SLC6A20) is not only an apical imino acid transporter but also plays a major role as Na(+)-dependent neutral l-amino acid transporter. A similar double role could be envisaged for SIT1 in mammalian kidney proximal tubule and small intestine.
    MeSH term(s) Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral/genetics ; Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral/physiology ; Amino Acids/pharmacokinetics ; Animals ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Kidney Tubules, Proximal/cytology ; Kidney Tubules, Proximal/physiology ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/physiology ; Oocytes ; Opossums ; Transfection ; Xenopus laevis
    Chemical Substances Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral ; Amino Acids ; Nerve Tissue Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2006-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 603837-2
    ISSN 1522-1466 ; 1931-857X ; 0363-6127
    ISSN (online) 1522-1466
    ISSN 1931-857X ; 0363-6127
    DOI 10.1152/ajprenal.00319.2005
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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