LIVIVO - The Search Portal for Life Sciences

zur deutschen Oberfläche wechseln
Advanced search

Search results

Result 1 - 6 of total 6

Search options

  1. Article ; Online: Duration-Weighted Exposure to Neighborhood Disadvantage and Racial-Ethnic Differences in Adolescent Sexual Behavior.

    Carlson, Daniel L / Bellair, Paul E / McNulty, Thomas L

    Journal of health and social behavior

    2021  Volume 63, Issue 1, Page(s) 71–89

    Abstract: Racial-ethnic disparities in adolescent sexual risk behavior are associated with health disparities ... that multiracial, non-Hispanic black, and Hispanic youth exhibit significantly higher sexual risk and duration ... proximal measure of neighborhood disadvantage and accounts for a substantial portion of the race-ethnic ...

    Abstract Racial-ethnic disparities in adolescent sexual risk behavior are associated with health disparities during adulthood and are therefore important to understand. Some scholars argue that neighborhood disadvantage induces disparities, yet prior research is mixed. We extend neighborhood-effects research by addressing long-term exposure to neighborhood disadvantage and estimation bias resulting from inclusion of time-varying covariates. Drawing from the Fragile Families and Child Well-Being Study, we compare a point-in-time proximal measure of neighborhood disadvantage with a duration-weighted measure using marginal structural models with inverse probability of treatment weights. Findings indicate that multiracial, non-Hispanic black, and Hispanic youth exhibit significantly higher sexual risk and duration-weighted exposure to neighborhood disadvantage than non-Hispanic white adolescents. Duration-weighted exposure is a better predictor of sexual initiation and number of partners by age 15 than a point-in-time proximal measure of neighborhood disadvantage and accounts for a substantial portion of the race-ethnic differences in sexual risk.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; African Americans ; Child ; Hispanic or Latino ; Humans ; Neighborhood Characteristics ; Residence Characteristics ; Sexual Behavior
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 218206-3
    ISSN 2150-6000 ; 0022-1465
    ISSN (online) 2150-6000
    ISSN 0022-1465
    DOI 10.1177/00221465211046361
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.B 140: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

    Order via subito

    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

  2. Article ; Online: Witnessing Community Violence, Gun Carrying, and Associations with Substance Use and Suicide Risk Among High School Students - Youth Risk Behavior Survey, United States, 2021.

    Harper, Christopher R / Li, Jingjing / Sheats, Kameron / Hertz, Marci F / Merrill-Francis, Molly / Friar, Norah W / Ashley, Carmen L / Shanklin, Shari / Barbero, Colleen / Gaylor, Elizabeth M / Hoots, Brooke E

    MMWR supplements

    2023  Volume 72, Issue 1, Page(s) 22–28

    Abstract: ... from the nationally representative 2021 Youth Risk Behavior Survey were used to analyze disparities and correlates ... used to assess demographic differences by student sex, race and ethnicity, age, and sexual identity ... with substance use and suicide risk. Measures of substance use included current binge drinking and marijuana use ...

    Abstract Community violence, including homicides involving firearms, is a significant public health concern. From 2019 to 2020, firearm-related homicides increased by 39% for youths and young adults aged 10-24 years, and rates of suicide by firearm increased by approximately 15% among the same age group. Findings from the nationally representative 2021 Youth Risk Behavior Survey were used to analyze disparities and correlates of witnessing community violence and gun carrying among a nationally representative sample of high school students. Chi-square tests and logistic regression accounting for the complex sampling of the survey were used to assess demographic differences by student sex, race and ethnicity, age, and sexual identity in ever witnessing community violence, gun carrying in the past 12 months, and their associations with substance use and suicide risk. Measures of substance use included current binge drinking and marijuana use and lifetime prescription opioid misuse and illicit drug use. Suicide risk included seriously considered attempting suicide and attempted suicide in the past 12 months. Overall, approximately 20% of students witnessed community violence and 3.5% of students carried a gun. American Indian or Alaska Native, Black, and Hispanic students were more likely to witness community violence and to report carrying a gun than their White peers. Males were more likely to witness community violence and carry a gun than females. Lesbian, gay, or bisexual students were more likely to witness community violence than their heterosexual peers. Also, witnessing community violence consistently was associated with increased odds of gun carrying, substance use, and suicide risk for both males and females and when comparing Black, White, and Hispanic students. These findings highlight the importance of comprehensive violence prevention strategies that incorporate health equity to mitigate the effects of violence exposure on substance use and suicide risk among youths.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Female ; Young Adult ; Humans ; United States/epidemiology ; Adolescent ; Gun Violence ; Violence ; Students ; Risk-Taking ; Suicide, Attempted ; Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2062172-3
    ISSN 2380-8942 ; 2380-8950
    ISSN (online) 2380-8942
    ISSN 2380-8950
    DOI 10.15585/mmwr.su7201a3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

    Order via subito

    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

  3. Article ; Online: Community Levels of PrEP Use Among Men Who Have Sex with Men by Race/Ethnicity, San Francisco, 2017.

    Raymond, H Fisher / Snowden, Jonathan M / Guigayoma, John / McFarland, Willi / Chen, Yea-Hung

    AIDS and behavior

    2019  Volume 23, Issue 10, Page(s) 2687–2693

    Abstract: ... risk behaviors are assessed. PrEP use is measured for 12 month, 6 month and 30 day periods. Of 399 HIV uninfected ... National HIV Behavioral Surveillance surveys MSM in San Francisco. Demographics, health care and ... ethnicity were not significant at any time point. Decreases between 6 month and 30 day use were highest ...

    Abstract Efforts in San Francisco are maximizing the use of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among men who have sex with men (MSM) where high levels of use are needed to maximize reducing new HIV infections. National HIV Behavioral Surveillance surveys MSM in San Francisco. Demographics, health care and risk behaviors are assessed. PrEP use is measured for 12 month, 6 month and 30 day periods. Of 399 HIV uninfected men sampled in 2017, 43.4% used PrEP in the past 12 months. Proportions of men using PrEP by race/ethnicity were not significant at any time point. Decreases between 6 month and 30 day use were highest among African American and Latino men. These men had the highest proportion of intermittent use in the past 30 days but not significantly. While our data suggest the disparity in PrEP use by race/ethnicity has narrowed in San Francisco, novel delivery of PrEP may narrow disparity further.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; African Americans/statistics & numerical data ; Anti-HIV Agents/administration & dosage ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Ethnic Groups/statistics & numerical data ; HIV Infections/ethnology ; HIV Infections/prevention & control ; Hispanic Americans/statistics & numerical data ; Homosexuality, Male/ethnology ; Homosexuality, Male/psychology ; Homosexuality, Male/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis/statistics & numerical data ; Risk-Taking ; Safe Sex/statistics & numerical data ; San Francisco/epidemiology ; Sexual and Gender Minorities ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Anti-HIV Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-02-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1339885-4
    ISSN 1573-3254 ; 1090-7165
    ISSN (online) 1573-3254
    ISSN 1090-7165
    DOI 10.1007/s10461-019-02428-5
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    Full text online

    More links

    Kategorien

    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 6451: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

    Order via subito

    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

  4. Article ; Online: HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis Initiation at a Large Community Clinic: Differences Between Eligibility, Awareness, and Uptake.

    Shover, Chelsea L / Javanbakht, Marjan / Shoptaw, Steven / Bolan, Robert K / Lee, Sung-Jae / Parsons, Jeffrey T / Rendina, Jonathon / Gorbach, Pamina M

    American journal of public health

    2018  Volume 108, Issue 10, Page(s) 1408–1417

    Abstract: ... and to identify disparities in PrEP use by demographic and behavioral factors associated ... or Asian race/ethnicity and bisexual orientation were associated with lower odds of PrEP use ... sex drugs, reporting both condomless anal intercourse and recent sexually transmitted infection, older ...

    Abstract Objectives: To characterize uptake of HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in a community setting and to identify disparities in PrEP use by demographic and behavioral factors associated with increased HIV risk.
    Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 19 587 men who have sex with men and transgender people visiting a Los Angeles, California, clinic specializing in lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender care between August 2015 and February 2018 by using clinical care data.
    Results: Seventy percent of patients met PrEP eligibility criteria, while 10% reported PrEP use. Using sex drugs, reporting both condomless anal intercourse and recent sexually transmitted infection, older age, and higher education level were associated with higher odds of PrEP use given eligibility. Latino or Asian race/ethnicity and bisexual orientation were associated with lower odds of PrEP use given eligibility. Higher odds of perceived need were associated with demographic risk factors but PrEP use was not similarly elevated.
    Conclusions: Discrepancies between PrEP eligibility, perceived need, and use reveal opportunities to improve PrEP delivery in community settings. Public Health Implications. Efforts are needed to facilitate PrEP uptake in populations with highest HIV incidence.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Anti-HIV Agents/administration & dosage ; Awareness ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; HIV Infections/prevention & control ; Homosexuality, Male ; Humans ; Los Angeles ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care ; Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis ; Risk Factors ; Sexual and Gender Minorities ; Transgender Persons
    Chemical Substances Anti-HIV Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-08-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 121100-6
    ISSN 1541-0048 ; 0090-0036 ; 0002-9572
    ISSN (online) 1541-0048
    ISSN 0090-0036 ; 0002-9572
    DOI 10.2105/AJPH.2018.304623
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Un I Zs.279: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

    Order via subito

    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

  5. Article ; Online: Screening young adults for prevalent chlamydial infection in community settings.

    Stein, Cheryl R / Kaufman, Jay S / Ford, Carol A / Leone, Peter A / Feldblum, Paul J / Miller, William C

    Annals of epidemiology

    2008  Volume 18, Issue 7, Page(s) 560–571

    Abstract: ... ethnicity in any screening algorithm is problematic and controversial, but the model without race ... of the sexually experienced respondents. A combination of five characteristics for women and six characteristics ... respondent's race/ethnicity; or 2) respondent's most recent partner's race/ethnicity; or 3) no information ...

    Abstract Purpose: Community-based testing may identify young adults in the general population with sexually transmitted chlamydial infection. To develop selective screening guidelines appropriate for community settings, the authors conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health Wave III (April 2, 2001, to May 9, 2002).
    Methods: Separately for women and men, we developed three predictive models by using unconditional multiple logistic regression for survey data. To account for racial/ethnic disparity in prevalence, initial models included identical predictor characteristics plus information on 1) respondent's race/ethnicity; or 2) respondent's most recent partner's race/ethnicity; or 3) no information on race/ethnicity.
    Results: Chlamydia trachomatis diagnosis was available for 10,928 (88.6%) of the sexually experienced respondents. A combination of five characteristics for women and six characteristics for men identified approximately 80% of infections when testing </=50% of the population. Information regarding <mark>race/ethnicity dramatically affected algorithm performance.
    Conclusion: The use of race/ethnicity in any screening algorithm is problematic and controversial, but the model without race information missed many diagnoses in the minority groups. Universal screening in high-prevalence regions and selective screening in low-prevalence regions may be one method of reaching the affected populations while avoiding the stigma of guidelines incorporating race/ethnicity.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Chlamydia Infections/diagnosis ; Chlamydia Infections/epidemiology ; Chlamydia Infections/ethnology ; Chlamydia trachomatis/isolation & purification ; Community Health Services ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Health Status Disparities ; Healthcare Disparities ; Humans ; Male ; Mass Screening/methods ; Prevalence ; Risk Assessment ; Sexual Behavior ; Socioeconomic Factors ; United States/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-05-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1074355-8
    ISSN 1873-2585 ; 1047-2797
    ISSN (online) 1873-2585
    ISSN 1047-2797
    DOI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2008.03.002
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    Full text online

    More links

    Kategorien

    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 3225: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

    Order via subito

    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

  6. Article: A community-based rapid assessment of HIV behavioural risk disparities within a large sample of gay men in southeastern USA: a comparison of African American, Latino and white men.

    Rhodes, S D / Yee, L J / Hergenrather, K C

    AIDS care

    2006  Volume 18, Issue 8, Page(s) 1018–1024

    Abstract: ... to other regions of the country, we explored HIV behavioural risk disparities by race/ethnicity among self ... this rapid assessment collected demographic and HIV risk-behaviour data from men in five gay bars ... to have never been tested for HIV. Rates of HIV risk behaviours among gay men remain high and racial ...

    Abstract Because the southeastern USA is experiencing a disproportionate HIV infection rate compared to other regions of the country, we explored HIV behavioural risk disparities by race/ethnicity among self-identifying gay men. Conceived and implemented as a community-based participatory research (CBPR) study, this rapid assessment collected demographic and HIV risk-behaviour data from men in five gay bars in the northwestern part of the state of North Carolina, using an assessment available in English and Spanish. Of 719 participants, 34.8% reported inconsistent condom use during anal intercourse in the past three months, 11.4% reported ever having had a sexually transmitted disease (STD), 3.6% reported being HIV-seropositive and 26% reported illicit drug use during the past 30 days. Compared to white participants, African American/black and Hispanic/Latino participants were more likely to report inconsistent condom use during anal intercourse with multiple partners during the past three months. African American/black participants were more likely to report illicit drug use during the past 30 days. Hispanic/Latino participants were more likely to have never been tested for HIV. Rates of HIV risk behaviours among gay men remain high and racial/ethnic differences indicate the need for targeted and tailored prevention strategies.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; African Americans/psychology ; Condoms/utilization ; Cross-Cultural Comparison ; European Continental Ancestry Group/psychology ; HIV Infections/ethnology ; HIV Infections/prevention & control ; HIV Infections/psychology ; Heterosexuality ; Hispanic Americans/psychology ; Homosexuality, Male/ethnology ; Homosexuality, Male/psychology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Southeastern United States ; Unsafe Sex/psychology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2006-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Multicenter Study
    ZDB-ID 1012651-x
    ISSN 1360-0451 ; 0954-0121
    ISSN (online) 1360-0451
    ISSN 0954-0121
    DOI 10.1080/09540120600568731
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 2799: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

    Order via subito

    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

To top