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  1. Article ; Online: SARS CoV-2 infections in healthcare workers with a pre-existing T-cell response: a prospective cohort study.

    Casado, José L / Häemmerle, Johannes / Vizcarra, Pilar / Velasco, Hector / Velasco, Tamara / Fernandez-Escribano, Marina / Vallejo, Alejandro

    Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

    2021  Volume 27, Issue 6, Page(s) 916.e1–916.e4

    Abstract: ... A pre-existing T-cell response does not seem to reduce incident SARS-CoV-2 infections ... on incident SARS-CoV-2 infections.: Methods: This was a follow-up study of 38 seronegative healthcare ... infections (55%) occurred in HCWs with a pre-existing T-cell response (30% of those with a cellular response ...

    Abstract Objective: T-cell responses against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are observed in unexposed individuals. We evaluated the impact of this pre-existing cellular response on incident SARS-CoV-2 infections.
    Methods: This was a follow-up study of 38 seronegative healthcare workers (HCWs) with previous evaluation of CD8+ and CD4+ T-cell responses after stimulation with SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins. Infection was considered in the presence of a positive RT-PCR test and/or confirmed seroconversion.
    Results: Twenty of the 38 HCWs included (53%) had a previous specific CD8+ T-cell response to peptides encompassing the spike protein (S) in 13 (34%), the membrane (M) in 17 (45%), or/and the nucleocapsid (N) in three (8%). During a follow-up of 189 days (interquartile range (IQR) 172-195), 11 HCWs (29%) had an RT-PCR-positive test (n = 9) or seroconverted (n = 2). Median duration of symptoms was 2 days (IQR 0-7), and time to negative RT-PCR was 9 days (IQR 4-10). Notably, six incident infections (55%) occurred in HCWs with a pre-existing T-cell response (30% of those with a cellular response), who showed a significantly lower duration of symptoms (three were asymptomatic). Three of the six HCWs having a previous T-cell response continued to test seronegative. All the infected patients developed a robust T-cell response to different structural SARS-CoV-2 proteins, especially to protein S (91%).
    Conclusion: A pre-existing T-cell response does not seem to reduce incident SARS-CoV-2 infections, but it may contribute to asymptomatic or mild disease, rapid viral clearance and differences in seroconversion.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Antibodies, Viral ; COVID-19/immunology ; COVID-19 Nucleic Acid Testing ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Immunity ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Seroconversion ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Viral Structural Proteins/immunology ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Viral ; Viral Structural Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1328418-6
    ISSN 1469-0691 ; 1470-9465 ; 1198-743X
    ISSN (online) 1469-0691
    ISSN 1470-9465 ; 1198-743X
    DOI 10.1016/j.cmi.2021.02.020
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Prospective Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 Seroconversion (PASS) study: an observational cohort study of SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination in healthcare workers.

    Jackson-Thompson, Belinda M / Goguet, Emilie / Laing, Eric D / Olsen, Cara H / Pollett, Simon / Hollis-Perry, K Monique / Maiolatesi, Santina E / Illinik, Luca / Ramsey, Kathleen F / Reyes, Anatalio E / Alcorta, Yolanda / Wong, Mimi A / Davies, Julian / Ortega, Orlando / Parmelee, Edward / Lindrose, Alyssa R / Moser, Matthew / Graydon, Elizabeth / Letizia, Andrew G /
    Duplessis, Christopher A / Ganesan, Anuradha / Pratt, Kathleen P / Malloy, Allison M / Scott, David W / Anderson, Stephen K / Snow, Andrew L / Dalgard, Clifton L / Powers, John H / Tribble, David / Burgess, Timothy H / Broder, Christopher C / Mitre, Edward

    BMC infectious diseases

    2021  Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 544

    Abstract: ... of 300 healthcare workers, confirmed negative for SARS-CoV-2 exposure upon study entry, will be followed ... and pauci-symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in a cohort of at-risk healthcare workers. Baseline and ... the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, additional studies of T cell activation and cytokine production in response to SARS ...

    Abstract Background: SARS-CoV-2 is a recently emerged pandemic coronavirus (CoV) capable of causing severe respiratory illness. However, a significant number of infected people present as asymptomatic or pauci-symptomatic. In this prospective assessment of at-risk healthcare workers (HCWs) we seek to determine whether pre-existing antibody or T cell responses to previous seasonal human coronavirus (HCoV) infections affect immunological or clinical responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination.
    Methods: A cohort of 300 healthcare workers, confirmed negative for SARS-CoV-2 exposure upon study entry, will be followed for up to 1 year with monthly serology analysis of IgM and IgG antibodies against the spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2 and the four major seasonal human coronavirus - HCoV-OC43, HCoV-HKU1, HCoV-229E, and HCoV-NL63. Participants will complete monthly questionnaires that ask about Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) exposure risks, and a standardized, validated symptom questionnaire (scoring viral respiratory disease symptoms, intensity and severity) at least twice monthly and any day when any symptoms manifest. SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing will be performed any time participants develop symptoms consistent with COVID-19. For those individuals that seroconvert and/or test positive by SARS-CoV-2 PCR, or receive the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, additional studies of T cell activation and cytokine production in response to SARS-CoV-2 peptide pools and analysis of Natural Killer cell numbers and function will be conducted on that participant's cryopreserved baseline peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Following the first year of this study we will further analyze those participants having tested positive for COVID-19, and/or having received an authorized/licensed SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, quarterly (year 2) and semi-annually (years 3 and 4) to investigate immune response longevity.
    Discussion: This study will determine the frequency of asymptomatic and pauci-symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in a cohort of at-risk healthcare workers. Baseline and longitudinal assays will determine the frequency and magnitude of anti-spike glycoprotein antibodies to the seasonal HCoV-OC43, HCoV-HKU1, HCoV-229E, and HCoV-NL63, and may inform whether pre-existing antibodies to these human coronaviruses are associated with altered COVID-19 disease course. Finally, this study will evaluate whether pre-existing immune responses to seasonal HCoVs affect the magnitude and duration of antibody and T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, adjusting for demographic covariates.
    MeSH term(s) Antibodies, Viral/blood ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; Asymptomatic Infections ; COVID-19/immunology ; COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology ; Coronavirus/immunology ; Cross Reactions ; Health Personnel/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Prospective Studies ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology ; Seroconversion ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Vaccination/statistics & numerical data
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Viral ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2041550-3
    ISSN 1471-2334 ; 1471-2334
    ISSN (online) 1471-2334
    ISSN 1471-2334
    DOI 10.1186/s12879-021-06233-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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