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  1. Article ; Online: Differential hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry analysis of protein-ligand interactions.

    Chalmers, Michael J / Busby, Scott A / Pascal, Bruce D / West, Graham M / Griffin, Patrick R

    Expert review of proteomics

    2011  Volume 8, Issue 1, Page(s) 43–59

    Abstract: ... dynamics of the protein upon ligand binding. Differential hydrogen/deuterium exchange (HDX) coupled ... We summarize how HDX analysis of protein-ligand interactions has had an impact on biology and drug discovery. ... in conformational dynamics of proteins following ligand binding. While this technique is sensitive to detecting ...

    Abstract Functional regulation of ligand-activated receptors is driven by alterations in the conformational dynamics of the protein upon ligand binding. Differential hydrogen/deuterium exchange (HDX) coupled with mass spectrometry has emerged as a rapid and sensitive approach for characterization of perturbations in conformational dynamics of proteins following ligand binding. While this technique is sensitive to detecting ligand interactions and alterations in receptor dynamics, it also can provide important mechanistic insights into ligand regulation. For example, HDX has been used to determine a novel mechanism of ligand activation of the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ, perform detailed analyses of binding modes of ligands within the ligand-binding pocket of two estrogen receptor isoforms, providing insight into selectivity, and helped classify different types of estrogen receptor-α ligands by correlating their pharmacology with the way they interact with the receptor based solely on hierarchical clustering of receptor HDX signatures. Beyond small-molecule-receptor interactions, this technique has also been applied to study protein-protein complexes, such as mapping antibody-antigen interactions. In this article, we summarize the current state of the differential HDX approaches and the future outlook. We summarize how HDX analysis of protein-ligand interactions has had an impact on biology and drug discovery.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Deuterium Exchange Measurement/methods ; Hormones/chemistry ; Humans ; Hydrogen/chemistry ; Ligands ; Mass Spectrometry/methods ; Models, Molecular ; Protein Binding ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Kinases/chemistry ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Proteins/chemistry ; Receptors, Cell Surface/chemistry ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/chemistry
    Chemical Substances Hormones ; Ligands ; Proteins ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear ; Hydrogen (7YNJ3PO35Z) ; Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-02-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2299100-1
    ISSN 1744-8387 ; 1478-9450
    ISSN (online) 1744-8387
    ISSN 1478-9450
    DOI 10.1586/epr.10.109
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Differential isotopic enrichment to facilitate characterization of asymmetric multimeric proteins using hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry.

    Goswami, Devrishi / Tuske, Steve / Pascal, Bruce D / Bauman, Joseph D / Patel, Disha / Arnold, Eddy / Griffin, Patrick R

    Analytical chemistry

    2015  Volume 87, Issue 7, Page(s) 4015–4022

    Abstract: Hydrogen/deuterium exchange (HDX) coupled to mass spectrometry has emerged as a powerful tool ... for analyzing the conformational dynamics of protein-ligand and protein-protein interactions. Recent advances ... in instrumentation and methodology have expanded the utility of HDX for the analysis of large and complex proteins ...

    Abstract Hydrogen/deuterium exchange (HDX) coupled to mass spectrometry has emerged as a powerful tool for analyzing the conformational dynamics of protein-ligand and protein-protein interactions. Recent advances in instrumentation and methodology have expanded the utility of HDX for the analysis of large and complex proteins; however, asymmetric dimers with shared amino acid sequence present a unique challenge for HDX because assignment of peptides with identical sequence to their subunit of origin remains ambiguous. Here we report the use of differential isotopic labeling to facilitate HDX analysis of multimers using HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) as a model. RT is an asymmetric heterodimer of 51 kDa (p51) and 66 kDa (p66) subunits. The first 440 residues of p51 and p66 are identical. In this study differentially labeled RT was reconstituted from isotopically enriched ((15)N-labeled) p51 and unlabeled p66. To enable detection of (15)N-deuterated RT peptides, the software HDX Workbench was modified to follow a 100% (15)N model. Our results demonstrated that (15)N enrichment of p51 did not affect its conformational dynamics compared to unlabeled p51, but (15)N-labeled p51 did show different conformational dynamics than p66 in the RT heterodimer. Differential HDX-MS of isotopically labeled RT in the presence of the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) efavirenz (EFV) showed subunit-specific perturbation in the rate of HDX consistent with previously published results and the RT-EFV cocrystal structure.
    MeSH term(s) Deuterium Exchange Measurement ; HIV Reverse Transcriptase/analysis ; HIV Reverse Transcriptase/chemistry ; Mass Spectrometry ; Nitrogen Isotopes
    Chemical Substances Nitrogen Isotopes ; reverse transcriptase, Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (EC 2.7.7.-) ; HIV Reverse Transcriptase (EC 2.7.7.49)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-04-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1508-8
    ISSN 1520-6882 ; 0003-2700
    ISSN (online) 1520-6882
    ISSN 0003-2700
    DOI 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b00372
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Differential Isotopic Enrichment To Facilitate Characterization of Asymmetric Multimeric Proteins Using Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry

    Goswami, Devrishi / Arnold Eddy / Bauman Joseph D / Griffin Patrick R / Pascal Bruce D / Patel Disha / Tuske Steve

    Analytical chemistry. 2015 Apr. 07, v. 87, no. 7

    2015  

    Abstract: Hydrogen/deuterium exchange (HDX) coupled to mass spectrometry has emerged as a powerful tool ... for analyzing the conformational dynamics of protein–ligand and protein–protein interactions. Recent ... complex proteins; however, asymmetric dimers with shared amino acid sequence present a unique challenge ...

    Abstract Hydrogen/deuterium exchange (HDX) coupled to mass spectrometry has emerged as a powerful tool for analyzing the conformational dynamics of protein–ligand and protein–protein interactions. Recent advances in instrumentation and methodology have expanded the utility of HDX for the analysis of large and complex proteins; however, asymmetric dimers with shared amino acid sequence present a unique challenge for HDX because assignment of peptides with identical sequence to their subunit of origin remains ambiguous. Here we report the use of differential isotopic labeling to facilitate HDX analysis of multimers using HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) as a model. RT is an asymmetric heterodimer of 51 kDa (p51) and 66 kDa (p66) subunits. The first 440 residues of p51 and p66 are identical. In this study differentially labeled RT was reconstituted from isotopically enriched (¹⁵N-labeled) p51 and unlabeled p66. To enable detection of ¹⁵N-deuterated RT peptides, the software HDX Workbench was modified to follow a 100% ¹⁵N model. Our results demonstrated that ¹⁵N enrichment of p51 did not affect its conformational dynamics compared to unlabeled p51, but ¹⁵N-labeled p51 did show different conformational dynamics than p66 in the RT heterodimer. Differential HDX-MS of isotopically labeled RT in the presence of the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) efavirenz (EFV) showed subunit-specific perturbation in the rate of HDX consistent with previously published results and the RT-EFV cocrystal structure.
    Keywords amino acid sequences ; computer software ; deuterium ; Human immunodeficiency virus 1 ; instrumentation ; isotope labeling ; mass spectrometry ; models ; nitrogen ; peptides ; protein-protein interactions ; proteins ; RNA-directed DNA polymerase ; stable isotopes
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2015-0407
    Size p. 4015-4022.
    Publishing place American Chemical Society
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1508-8
    ISSN 1520-6882 ; 0003-2700
    ISSN (online) 1520-6882
    ISSN 0003-2700
    DOI 10.1021%2Facs.analchem.5b00372
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article: A two-stage differential hydrogen deuterium exchange method for the rapid characterization of protein/ligand interactions.

    Chalmers, Michael J / Busby, Scott A / Pascal, Bruce D / Southern, Mark R / Griffin, Patrick R

    Journal of biomolecular techniques : JBT

    2007  Volume 18, Issue 4, Page(s) 194–204

    Abstract: ... solution-phase amide hydrogen/deuterium exchange (HDX) provides a biophysical technique for probing changes ... in protein dynamics induced by ligand interaction. Building from this platform, we have optimized ... dynamics of the ligand-binding domain. Therefore, the need has arisen for a rapid method capable ...

    Abstract The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily of transcriptional regulators. Regulation of the nuclear receptors occurs through changes to the structure and dynamics of the ligand-binding domain. Therefore, the need has arisen for a rapid method capable of detecting changes in the dynamics of nuclear receptors following ligand binding. We recently described how solution-phase amide hydrogen/deuterium exchange (HDX) provides a biophysical technique for probing changes in protein dynamics induced by ligand interaction. Building from this platform, we have optimized the robustness of the differential HDX experiment by minimizing systematic errors, and have increased the efficiency of the chromatographic separation through the use of high-pressure liquid chromatography. Using knowledge gained previously from comprehensive HDX experiments of PPARgamma, a modest throughput method to probe changes in the dynamics of key regions of the receptor was developed. A collection of ten synthetic and endogenous PPARgamma ligands were characterized with this new method requiring approximately 24 h of analysis. This is a dramatic improvement over the 10 d of analysis that would have been required with our previous approach for comprehensive differential HDX analysis. In addition to demonstrating the utility of this approach, the study presented here is the first to measure changes to the dynamics of PPARgamma upon the binding of putative endogenous ligands.
    MeSH term(s) Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Deuterium/chemistry ; Hydrogen/chemistry ; Ligands ; Mass Spectrometry ; Protein Binding ; Proteins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Ligands ; Proteins ; Hydrogen (7YNJ3PO35Z) ; Deuterium (AR09D82C7G)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-10-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1524-0215
    ISSN 1524-0215
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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