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Article ; Online: Gene therapy in head and neck cancer: a review.

Chisholm, E / Bapat, U / Chisholm, C / Alusi, G / Vassaux, G

2007 Volume 83, Issue 986, Page(s) 731–737

Abstract: Gene therapy for cancer is a rapidly evolving field with head and neck squamous cell cancer being ... with delivery mechanisms for targeting head and neck cancer are reviewed. ... and there is already a commercially available agent in China. Various gene therapy strategies along ...

Abstract	Gene therapy for cancer is a rapidly evolving field with head and neck squamous cell cancer being one of the more frequently targeted cancer types. The number of clinical trials in the UK is growing and there is already a commercially available agent in China. Various gene therapy strategies along with delivery mechanisms for targeting head and neck cancer are reviewed.
MeSH term(s)	Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/therapy ; Genetic Therapy/methods ; Genetic Vectors/therapeutic use ; Head and Neck Neoplasms/therapy ; Humans
Language	English
Publishing date	2007-12-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	80325-x
ISSN	1469-0756 ; 0032-5473
ISSN (online)	1469-0756
ISSN	0032-5473
DOI	10.1136/pgmj.2007.061994
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Article ; Online: Recent application of artificial intelligence on histopathologic image-based prediction of gene mutation in solid cancers.

Alam, Mohammad Rizwan / Seo, Kyung Jin / Abdul-Ghafar, Jamshid / Yim, Kwangil / Lee, Sung Hak / Jang, Hyun-Jong / Jung, Chan Kwon / Chong, Yosep

Briefings in bioinformatics

2023 Volume 24, Issue 3

Abstract: ... The major targets were gastrointestinal, genitourinary, gynecological, lung and head and neck cancers. Most ... by a systematic review.: Methods: A literature search using the MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane databases was ... conducted in August 2021. The articles were shortlisted by titles and abstracts. After a full-text review ...

Abstract	Purpose: Evaluation of genetic mutations in cancers is important because distinct mutational profiles help determine individualized drug therapy. However, molecular analyses are not routinely performed in all cancers because they are expensive, time-consuming and not universally available. Artificial intelligence (AI) has shown the potential to determine a wide range of genetic mutations on histologic image analysis. Here, we assessed the status of mutation prediction AI models on histologic images by a systematic review. Methods: A literature search using the MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane databases was conducted in August 2021. The articles were shortlisted by titles and abstracts. After a full-text review, publication trends, study characteristic analysis and comparison of performance metrics were performed. Results: Twenty-four studies were found mostly from developed countries, and their number is increasing. The major targets were gastrointestinal, genitourinary, gynecological, lung and head and neck cancers. Most studies used the Cancer Genome Atlas, with a few using an in-house dataset. The area under the curve of some of the cancer driver gene mutations in particular organs was satisfactory, such as 0.92 of BRAF in thyroid cancers and 0.79 of EGFR in lung cancers, whereas the average of all gene mutations was 0.64, which is still suboptimal. Conclusion: AI has the potential to predict gene mutations on histologic images with appropriate caution. Further validation with larger datasets is still required before AI models can be used in clinical practice to predict gene mutations.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Artificial Intelligence ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; Benchmarking ; Databases, Factual ; Mutation
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2068142-2
ISSN	1477-4054 ; 1467-5463
ISSN (online)	1477-4054
ISSN	1467-5463
DOI	10.1093/bib/bbad151
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Article: Viral Vector-Based Melanoma Gene Therapy.

Hromic-Jahjefendic, Altijana / Lundstrom, Kenneth

Biomedicines

2020 Volume 8, Issue 3

Abstract: ... for the treatment of various diseases, including colon, head-and-neck, prostate and breast cancer as well ... Gene therapy applications of oncolytic viruses represent an attractive alternative for cancer ... vectors have been approved. However, gene therapy for malignant melanoma based on viral vectors has not ...

Abstract	Gene therapy applications of oncolytic viruses represent an attractive alternative for cancer treatment. A broad range of oncolytic viruses, including adenoviruses, adeno-associated viruses, alphaviruses, herpes simplex viruses, retroviruses, lentiviruses, rhabdoviruses, reoviruses, measles virus, Newcastle disease virus, picornaviruses and poxviruses, have been used in diverse preclinical and clinical studies for the treatment of various diseases, including colon, head-and-neck, prostate and breast cancer as well as squamous cell carcinoma and glioma. The majority of studies have focused on immunotherapy and several drugs based on viral vectors have been approved. However, gene therapy for malignant melanoma based on viral vectors has not been utilized to its full potential yet. This review represents a summary of the achievements of preclinical and clinical studies using viral vectors, with the focus on malignant melanoma.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-16
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2720867-9
ISSN	2227-9059
ISSN	2227-9059
DOI	10.3390/biomedicines8030060
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Article ; Online: Applications of Recombinant Adenovirus-p53 Gene Therapy for Cancers in the Clinic in China.

Xia, Yu / Li, Xiuqin / Sun, Wei

Current gene therapy

2020 Volume 20, Issue 2, Page(s) 127–141

Abstract: ... There are 11 studies for head and neck cancer, 10 for liver cancer, 6 for malignant gynecological tumors ... Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) for treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in combination ... target gene for transformation research of cancer gene therapy. In 2003, the first anti-tumor gene ...

Abstract	Suppression of TP53 function is nearly ubiquitous in human cancers, and a significant fraction of cancers have mutations in the TP53 gene itself. Therefore, the wild-type TP53 gene has become an important target gene for transformation research of cancer gene therapy. In 2003, the first anti-tumor gene therapy drug rAd-p53 (recombinant human p53 adenovirus), trade name Gendicine™, was approved by the China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) for treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in combination with radiotherapy. The recombinant human TP53 gene is delivered into cancer cells by an adenovirus vector constructed to express the functional p53 protein. Although the only currently approved used of Gendicine is in combination with radiotherapy for treatment of HNSCC, clinical studies have been carried out for more than 20 other applications of Gendicine in treating cancer, including treatment of advanced lung cancer, advanced liver cancer, malignant gynecological tumors, and soft tissue sarcomas. Currently more than 30,000 patients have been treated with Gendicine. This review provides an overview of the clinical applications of Gendicine in China. We summarize a total of 48 studies with 2,561 patients with solid tumors, including 34 controlled clinical studies and 14 open clinical studies, i.e., clinical studies without a control group. There are 11 studies for head and neck cancer, 10 for liver cancer, 6 for malignant gynecological tumors, 4 for non-small cell lung cancer, 4 for soft tissue sarcoma, 4 for malignant effusion, 2 for gastrointestinal tumors, and 7 for other types of cancer. In all the reported clinical studies, the most common side effect was self-limited fever. Intratumoral injection and intra-arterial infusion were the most common routes of administration. Overall, Gendicine combined with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or other conventional treatment regimens demonstrated significantly higher response rates compared to standard therapies alone. Some of the published studies also showed that Gendicine combination regimens demonstrated longer progression-free survival times than conventional treatments alone. To date, Gendicine has been clinically used in China for treatment of cancers other than HNSCC for more than ten years, mainly for patients with advanced or unresectable malignant tumors. However, the establishment of standard treatment regimens using TP53 gene therapy is still needed in order to advance its use in clinical practice.
MeSH term(s)	Adenoviridae/genetics ; China/epidemiology ; Genetic Therapy ; Genetic Vectors/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Mutation/genetics ; Neoplasms/classification ; Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Neoplasms/genetics ; Neoplasms/therapy ; Recombinant Proteins/genetics ; Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Recombinant Proteins ; TP53 protein, human ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-19
Publishing country	United Arab Emirates
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2146187-9
ISSN	1875-5631 ; 1566-5232
ISSN (online)	1875-5631
ISSN	1566-5232
DOI	10.2174/1566523220999200731003206
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Article ; Online: Viral Vector-Based Melanoma Gene Therapy

Altijana Hromic-Jahjefendic / Kenneth Lundstrom

Biomedicines, Vol 8, Iss 3, p

2020 Volume 60

Abstract	Gene therapy applications of oncolytic viruses represent an attractive alternative for cancer treatment. A broad range of oncolytic viruses, including adenoviruses, adeno-associated viruses, alphaviruses, herpes simplex viruses, retroviruses, lentiviruses, rhabdoviruses, reoviruses, measles virus, Newcastle disease virus, picornaviruses and poxviruses, have been used in diverse preclinical and clinical studies for the treatment of various diseases, including colon, head-and-neck, prostate and breast cancer as well as squamous cell carcinoma and glioma. The majority of studies have focused on immunotherapy and several drugs based on viral vectors have been approved. However, gene therapy for malignant melanoma based on viral vectors has not been utilized to its full potential yet. This review represents a summary of the achievements of preclinical and clinical studies using viral vectors, with the focus on malignant melanoma.
Keywords	melanoma ; cancer ; vector delivery ; gene therapy ; immunotherapy ; clinical trials ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Gene Therapy Applications in Dentistry

Dinesh Francis Swamy / Sapna Sada Raut Dessai / Elaine Savia Barretto / Kathleen Manuela Dsouza

Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, Vol 11, Iss 10, Pp ZE01-ZE

A Review

2017 Volume 05

Abstract: ... chronic pain, DNA vaccines, bone repair, implantology, head and neck cancer, orthodontic therapy, periodontal ... Gene therapy involves transfer of new genetic material or manipulation of the existing material ... to highlight various applications of gene therapy in dentistry in the areas such as salivary gland disorders ...

Abstract	Gene therapy involves transfer of new genetic material or manipulation of the existing material for the purpose of treating human disease. It involves transfer of genetic material – ex vivo and in vivo and may conceivably revolutionize clinical practice in the coming years. Although progress has chiefly been in the medical domain, research has moved to various dental conditions as well. This review is presented to highlight various applications of gene therapy in dentistry in the areas such as salivary gland disorders, chronic pain, DNA vaccines, bone repair, implantology, head and neck cancer, orthodontic therapy, periodontal repair and tooth regrowth.
Keywords	Bone Repair ; Gene transfer techniques ; Growth factor ; Neoplasms ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Immune-Related Mutational Landscape and Gene Signatures: Prognostic Value and Therapeutic Impact for Head and Neck Cancer.

Feng, Bohai / Hess, Jochen

Cancers

2021 Volume 13, Issue 5

Abstract: ... the response to immunotherapy in head and neck cancer. ... to treat head and neck cancer and is based on the premise that the host immune system can be reactivated ... to successfully eliminate cancer cells. However, the response rate remains low and only a small subset of head and ...

Abstract	Immunotherapy by immune checkpoint inhibition has become a main pillar in the armamentarium to treat head and neck cancer and is based on the premise that the host immune system can be reactivated to successfully eliminate cancer cells. However, the response rate remains low and only a small subset of head and neck cancer patients achieves a durable clinical benefit. The availability of multi-omics data and emerging computational technologies facilitate not only a deeper understanding of the cellular composition in the tumor immune microenvironment but also enables the study of molecular principles in the complex regulation of immune surveillance versus tolerance. These knowledges will pave the way to apply immunotherapy more precisely and effectively. This review aims to provide a holistic view on how the immune landscape dictates the tumor fate and vice versa, and how integrative analysis of multi-omics data contribute to our current knowledge on the accuracy of predictive biomarkers and on a broad range of factors influencing the response to immunotherapy in head and neck cancer.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-08
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2527080-1
ISSN	2072-6694
ISSN	2072-6694
DOI	10.3390/cancers13051162
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Article ; Online: An ion-channel-gene-based prediction model for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Prognostic assessment and treatment guidance.

Han, Yanxun / Shi, Yangyang / Chen, Bangjie / Wang, Jianpeng / Liu, Yuchen / Sheng, Shuyan / Fu, Ziyue / Shen, Chuanlu / Wang, Xinyi / Yin, Siyue / Li, Haiwen

Frontiers in immunology

2022 Volume 13, Page(s) 961695

Abstract: Purpose: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a very diverse malignancy with a poor ... and literature review. Using univariate Cox regression analysis, the ion channel genes related ... gene sequencing data of HNSCC patients were generated from the Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus ...

Abstract	Purpose: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a very diverse malignancy with a poor prognosis. The purpose of this study was to develop a new signature based on 12 ion channel genes to predict the outcome and immune status of HNSCC patients. Methods: Clinicopathological information and gene sequencing data of HNSCC patients were generated from the Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases. A set of 323 ion channel genes was obtained from the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee database and literature review. Using univariate Cox regression analysis, the ion channel genes related to HNSCC prognosis were identified. A prognostic signature and nomogram were then created using machine learning methods. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to explore the relevance of the risk scores and overall survival (OS). We also investigated the association between risk scores, tumor immune infiltration, and gene mutational status. Finally, we detected the expression levels of the signature genes by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Results: We separated the patients into high- and low-risk groups according to the risk scores computed based on these 12 ion channel genes, and the OS of the low-risk group was significantly longer (p<0.001). The area under the curve for predicting 3-year survival was 0.729. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that the 12-ion-channel-gene risk model was an independent prognostic factor. We also developed a nomogram model based on risk scores and clinicopathological variables to forecast outcomes. Furthermore, immune cell infiltration, gene mutation status, immunotherapy response, and chemotherapeutic treatment sensitivity were all linked to risk scores. Moreover, high expression levels of ANO1, AQP9, and BEST2 were detected in HNSCC tissues, whereas AQP5, SCNN1G, and SCN4A expression was low in HNSCC tissues, as determined by experiments. Conclusion: The 12-ion-channel-gene prognostic signatures have been demonstrated to be highly efficient in predicting the prognosis, immune microenvironment, gene mutation status, immunotherapy response, and chemotherapeutic sensitivity of HNSCC patients.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/genetics ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/therapy ; Prognosis ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Head and Neck Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Head and Neck Neoplasms/genetics ; Head and Neck Neoplasms/therapy ; Ion Channels/genetics ; Tumor Microenvironment/genetics ; NAV1.4 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel
Chemical Substances	Ion Channels ; SCN4A protein, human ; NAV1.4 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-28
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2606827-8
ISSN	1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
ISSN (online)	1664-3224
ISSN	1664-3224
DOI	10.3389/fimmu.2022.961695
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Article: Gene Therapy Used in Cancer Treatment.

Wirth, Thomas / Ylä-Herttuala, Seppo

Biomedicines

2014 Volume 2, Issue 2, Page(s) 149–162

Abstract: ... colorectal, prostate, bladder, head and neck, skin, ovarian, and renal cancer. Currently, two cancer gene ... of this review is to point out the most commonly viral and non-viral vectors and methods used in cancer gene ... Cancer has been, from the beginning, a target of intense research for gene therapy approaches ...

Abstract	Cancer has been, from the beginning, a target of intense research for gene therapy approaches. Currently, more than 60% of all on-going clinical gene therapy trials worldwide are targeting cancer. Indeed, there is a clear unmet medical need for novel therapies. This is further urged by the fact that current conventional cancer therapies are frequently troubled by their toxicities. Different gene therapy strategies have been employed for cancer, such as pro-drug activating suicide gene therapy, anti-angiogenic gene therapy, oncolytic virotherapy, gene therapy-based immune modulation, correction/compensation of gene defects, genetic manipulation of apoptotic and tumor invasion pathways, antisense, and RNAi strategies. Cancer types, which have been targeted with gene therapy, include brain, lung, breast, pancreatic, liver, colorectal, prostate, bladder, head and neck, skin, ovarian, and renal cancer. Currently, two cancer gene therapy products have received market approval, both of which are in China. In addition, the stimulation of the host's immune system, using gene therapeutic approaches, has gained vast interest. The intention of this review is to point out the most commonly viral and non-viral vectors and methods used in cancer gene therapy, as well as highlight some key results achieved in clinical trials.
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-04-08
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2720867-9
ISSN	2227-9059
ISSN	2227-9059
DOI	10.3390/biomedicines2020149
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Article: Promising Gene Therapeutics for Salivary Gland Radiotoxicity.

Nair, Renjith Parameswaran / Sunavala-Dossabhoy, Gulshan

AIMS medical science

2016 Volume 3, Issue 4, Page(s) 329–344

Abstract: More than 0.5 million new cases of head and neck cancer are diagnosed worldwide each year, and ... of saliva production after irradiation has been a daunting challenge, and this review provides an overview ... irreparably damaged and a decline in function manifests as dry mouth or xerostomia. Limited ability ...

Abstract	More than 0.5 million new cases of head and neck cancer are diagnosed worldwide each year, and approximately 75% of them are treated with radiation alone or in combination with other cancer treatments. A majority of patients treated with radiotherapy develop significant oral off-target effects because of the unavoidable irradiation of normal tissues. Salivary glands that lie within treatment fields are often irreparably damaged and a decline in function manifests as dry mouth or xerostomia. Limited ability of the salivary glands to regenerate lost acinar cells makes radiation-induced loss of function a chronic problem that affects the quality of life of the patients well beyond the completion of radiotherapy. The restoration of saliva production after irradiation has been a daunting challenge, and this review provides an overview of promising gene therapeutics that either improve the gland's ability to survive radiation insult, or alternately, restore fluid flow after radiation. The salient features and shortcomings of each approach are discussed.
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-11-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2375-155X
ISSN	2375-155X
DOI	10.3934/medsci.2016.4.329
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