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  1. Book ; Online ; E-Book: Sex differences in heart disease

    Ošt̕ádal, Bohuslav / Dhalla, Naranjan S.

    (Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease ; 21)

    2020  

    Abstract: ... hypertension and obesity, and, finally, three chapters in part IV deal with sex differences of cardiac ... have traditionally been excluded from clinical trials, and female animals have been used less or sex ... of clinical and experimental papers dealing with sex differences and heart disease significantly increases ...

    Author's details Bohuslav Ostadal and Naranjan S. Dhalla (editors)
    Series title Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease ; 21
    Abstract Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality in men and women. Unfortunately, women have traditionally been excluded from clinical trials, and female animals have been used less or sex was not reported in basic research studies. Until recently, consideration of both sexes was not required in clinical and preclinical studies focusing on cardiovascular diseases. However, the number of clinical and experimental papers dealing with sex differences and heart disease significantly increases during the last years. This trend is obviously the result of at least two facts: the number of examples of different behavior of the male and female heart under physiological and pathological conditions is steadily increasing and there were controversial reports on the beneficial and adverse effect of hormonal replacement therapy. Detailed molecular and cellular mechanisms of these differences are still unknown but one is clear already today: sex differences are so important that they should be considered by the selection of optimum diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in clinical practice. The book presents 16 manuscripts on sex differences of heart disease, as developed by several investigators; the volume is organized in four parts. Part I, dealing with sex differences in cardiac ischemic injury, includes 5 chapters on experimental aspects of cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury, the role of testosterone, and clinical aspects of ischemic heart disease. Part II is devoted to sex differences in heart failure and includes four chapters. Discussion in this part of the book is centered around the sex differences in heart failure due to volume overload. Part III of this volume includes four papers on risk factors of cardiovascular diseases, namely hypertension and obesity, and, finally, three chapters in part IV deal with sex differences of cardiac mitochondria under different pathological conditions. We believe this book will be very useful for cardiovascular scientists, graduate students, postdoctoral fellows and other health professionals.
    Keywords Cardiovascular Biology
    Subject code 573.1
    Language English
    Size 1 online resource (XVI, 284 p. 47 illus., 15 illus. in color.)
    Edition 1st ed. 2020.
    Publisher Springer
    Publishing place Cham, Switzerland
    Document type Book ; Online ; E-Book
    Remark Zugriff für angemeldete ZB MED-Nutzerinnen und -Nutzer
    ISBN 3-030-58677-4 ; 3-030-58676-6 ; 978-3-030-58677-5 ; 978-3-030-58676-8
    DOI 10.1007/978-3-030-58677-5
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  2. Article: FEATURES OF BLOOD PRESSURE DAILY MONITORING INDICATORS, STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL CHANGES OF THE LEFT VENTRICLE AND VESSELS IN WOMEN WITH HYPERTENSION II STAGE OF DIFFERENT REPRODUCTIVE AGE AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH SEX HORMONES LEVEL.

    Pentiuk, L / Niushko, T / Osiadla, E

    Georgian medical news

    2024  , Issue 347, Page(s) 160–167

    Abstract: ... the echocardiological examination, determination of the vascular function, and the level of sex hormones were performed ... of sex hormones. The study included 114 women with essential arterial hypertension II stage, I-II-degree, chronic ... II hypertension of different reproductive age and to determine their relationship with the level ...

    Abstract Arterial hypertension (AH) ranks first among diseases of the cardiovascular system. The severity of clinical manifestations and prognosis in patients with AH is determined not only by the level of increased blood pressure (BP) but also by the degree of target organ damage. The aim - to evaluate indicators of daily BP monitoring, and structural and functional changes of the left ventricle and blood vessels in women with stage II hypertension of different reproductive age and to determine their relationship with the level of sex hormones. The study included 114 women with essential arterial hypertension II stage, I-II-degree, chronic heart failure 0-I degree of different reproductive age. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (24-h ABPM), the echocardiological examination, determination of the vascular function, and the level of sex hormones were performed in patients. It was noted that the process of reproductive aging is associated with the deterioration of BP parameters in women with AH. It was established that the process of reproductive aging of women suffering from AH and progressive hypoestrogenemia are associated with the deepening of a whole series of unfavorable changes in the structural and functional state of the heart and blood vessels. In the process of reproductive aging in women with AH, not only a decrease in the level of estradiol was determined, but also higher numbers of both systolic and diastolic BP, which led to a greater load of pressure on the heart as a target organ and more pronounced structural and functional changes. The process of reproductive aging is associated with the deterioration of BP parameters in women with AH. Extinction of reproductive function and progressive hypoestrogenemia in women with AH were associated with higher BP, increased mass of the myocardium of the left ventricular, progression of its diastolic filling disorder and deterioration of the vasoregulatory function of blood vessels.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Female ; Heart Ventricles/diagnostic imaging ; Blood Pressure ; Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory ; Hypertension/complications ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones
    Chemical Substances Gonadal Steroid Hormones
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-12
    Publishing country Georgia (Republic)
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2443648-3
    ISSN 1512-0112
    ISSN 1512-0112
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Sex Differences and the Role of Sex Hormones in Pulmonary Hypertension.

    Oakland, Hannah Takahashi / Joseph, Phillip

    Clinics in chest medicine

    2021  Volume 42, Issue 3, Page(s) 457–465

    Abstract: ... the female paradox arises from sex differences in pulmonary hypertension and how this has an impact ... Pulmonary arterial hypertension is characterized by progressive pulmonary vascular remodeling and ... vasoconstriction, metabolic flux, and inflammation. Since the early descriptions of pulmonary hypertension, female ...

    Abstract Pulmonary arterial hypertension is characterized by progressive pulmonary vascular remodeling and the eventual development of right heart failure. Multiple mechanisms are responsible, including vasoconstriction, metabolic flux, and inflammation. Since the early descriptions of pulmonary hypertension, female sex has been associated with increased prevalence of the disease, with research showing both detrimental and beneficial effects of estrogen and its metabolites. This article aims to describe how the female paradox arises from sex differences in pulmonary hypertension and how this has an impact on pathophysiology and future treatment.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary/etiology ; Inflammation ; Male ; Sex Characteristics
    Chemical Substances Gonadal Steroid Hormones
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 447455-7
    ISSN 1557-8216 ; 0272-5231
    ISSN (online) 1557-8216
    ISSN 0272-5231
    DOI 10.1016/j.ccm.2021.04.006
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Sex hormones and hypertension.

    Dubey, Raghvendra K / Oparil, Suzanne / Imthurn, Bruno / Jackson, Edwin K

    Cardiovascular research

    2002  Volume 53, Issue 3, Page(s) 688–708

    Abstract: ... of female and male sex hormones, as well as the cellular, biochemical and molecular mechanisms ... by which sex hormones may modify the effects of hypertension on the cardiovascular system. ... blood pressures, suggesting that ovarian hormones may modulate blood pressure. However, whether sex hormones are ...

    Abstract Gender has an important influence on blood pressure, with premenopausal women having a lower arterial blood pressure than age-matched men. Compared with premenopausal women, postmenopausal women have higher blood pressures, suggesting that ovarian hormones may modulate blood pressure. However, whether sex hormones are responsible for the observed gender-associated differences in arterial blood pressure and whether ovarian hormones account for differences in blood pressure in premenopausal versus postmenopausal women remains unclear. In this review, we provide a discussion of the potential blood pressure regulating effects of female and male sex hormones, as well as the cellular, biochemical and molecular mechanisms by which sex hormones may modify the effects of hypertension on the cardiovascular system.
    MeSH term(s) Cardiovascular System/metabolism ; Catecholamines/metabolism ; Estradiol/physiology ; Estrogen Replacement Therapy ; Female ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones/physiology ; Humans ; Hypertension/drug therapy ; Hypertension/metabolism ; Kidney/metabolism ; Male ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism ; Postmenopause/metabolism ; Progesterone/physiology ; Sex ; Testosterone/physiology
    Chemical Substances Catecholamines ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones ; Testosterone (3XMK78S47O) ; Progesterone (4G7DS2Q64Y) ; Estradiol (4TI98Z838E)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2002-02-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. ; Review
    ZDB-ID 80340-6
    ISSN 1755-3245 ; 0008-6363
    ISSN (online) 1755-3245
    ISSN 0008-6363
    DOI 10.1016/s0008-6363(01)00527-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Sex and sex steroids as determinants of cardiovascular risk.

    Cignarella, Andrea / Bolego, Chiara / Barton, Matthias

    Steroids

    2024  Volume 206, Page(s) 109423

    Abstract: ... cardiovascular health and plays a protective role until menopause: other sex hormones such as progesterone and ... androgen hormones generate a complex balance that differentiates heart and blood vessel function in women ... therapy, especially using bioidentical hormones and starting treatment early after menopause. ...

    Abstract There are considerable sex differences regarding the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), including arterial hypertension, coronary artery disease (CAD) and stroke, as well as chronic renal disease. Women are largely protected from these conditions prior to menopause, and the risk increases following cessation of endogenous estrogen production or after surgical menopause. Cardiovascular diseases in women generally begin to occur at a later age than in men (on average with a delay of 10 years). Cessation of estrogen production also impacts metabolism, increasing the risk of developing obesity and diabetes. In middle-aged individuals, hypertension develops earlier and faster in women than in men, and smoking increases cardiovascular risk to a greater degree in women than it does in men. It is not only estrogen that affects female cardiovascular health and plays a protective role until menopause: other sex hormones such as progesterone and androgen hormones generate a complex balance that differentiates heart and blood vessel function in women compared to men. Estrogens improve vasodilation of epicardial coronary arteries and the coronary microvasculature by augmenting the release of vasodilating factors such as nitric oxide and prostacyclin, which are mechanisms of coronary vasodilatation that are more pronounced in women compared to men. Estrogens are also powerful inhibitors of inflammation, which in part explains their protective effects on CVD and chronic renal disease. Emerging evidence suggests that sex chromosomes also play a significant role in shaping cardiovascular risk. The cardiovascular protection conferred by endogenous estrogens may be extended by hormone therapy, especially using bioidentical hormones and starting treatment early after menopause.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Cardiovascular Diseases/metabolism ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones/metabolism ; Female ; Male ; Risk Factors ; Sex Characteristics ; Animals
    Chemical Substances Gonadal Steroid Hormones
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80312-1
    ISSN 1878-5867 ; 0039-128X
    ISSN (online) 1878-5867
    ISSN 0039-128X
    DOI 10.1016/j.steroids.2024.109423
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Role of Female Sex Hormones and Immune Response in Salt-Sensitive Hypertension Development: Evidence from Experimental Models.

    Vlachovsky, Sandra G / Di Ciano, Luis A / Oddo, Elisabet M / Azurmendi, Pablo J / Silberstein, Claudia / Ibarra, Fernando R

    Current hypertension reports

    2023  Volume 25, Issue 11, Page(s) 405–419

    Abstract: ... to the importance of female sex hormones on blood pressure (BP) regulation and salt-sensitivity-mediated BP response ... the postmenopausal hormonal state induced by ovariectomy, controlling BP is not enough to avoid renal and ... Purposeof review: Female sex hormones have systemic effects unrelated to their reproductive ...

    Abstract Purposeof review: Female sex hormones have systemic effects unrelated to their reproductive function. We describe experiences of different research groups and our own, on aspects related to the importance of female sex hormones on blood pressure (BP) regulation and salt-sensitivity-mediated BP response and salt sensitivity without alterations in BP, as well as renal sodium handling and interactions with the immune system.
    Recent findings: Changes in sodium intake in normotensive premenopausal women cause more BP variations than in men. After menopause, women often develop arterial hypertension (HT) with a profile of sodium sensitivity. Besides, experimental results have shown that in adult rat models resembling the postmenopausal hormonal state induced by ovariectomy, controlling BP is not enough to avoid renal and other tissue infiltration with immune cells, which does not occur when sodium intake is low or normal. Therefore, excess sodium promotes an inflammatory state with the involvement of immune cells. The evidence of activation of adaptive immunity, besides changes in T cell subpopulations, includes changes in sodium transporters and receptors. More studies are needed to evaluate the particular sodium sensitivity of women and its meaning. Changes in lifestyle and sodium intake reduction are the main therapeutic steps. However, to face the actual burden of salt-sensitive HT in postmenopausal women and its associated inflammatory/immune changes, it seems reasonable to work on immune cell activity by considering the peripheral blood mononuclear cell phenotypes of molecules and transport proteins related to sodium handle, both to screen for and treat cell activation.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2057367-4
    ISSN 1534-3111 ; 1522-6417
    ISSN (online) 1534-3111
    ISSN 1522-6417
    DOI 10.1007/s11906-023-01257-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Analyzing the effects of sex hormone-binding globulin levels and development of hypertension in middle-aged men and women.

    Patel, Jigar / Amin, Kesha / Lo, David F

    Journal of hypertension

    2024  Volume 42, Issue 3, Page(s) 579–580

    MeSH term(s) Middle Aged ; Male ; Humans ; Female ; Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin ; Hypertension ; Testosterone
    Chemical Substances Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin ; Testosterone (3XMK78S47O)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-01
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 605532-1
    ISSN 1473-5598 ; 0263-6352 ; 0952-1178
    ISSN (online) 1473-5598
    ISSN 0263-6352 ; 0952-1178
    DOI 10.1097/HJH.0000000000003607
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Reply on: Analyzing the effects of sex hormone-binding globulin levels and development of hypertension in middle-aged men and women.

    Watz, Michel E S / Tivesten, Åsa / Ottarsdottir, Kristin / Li, Ying / Hellgren, Margareta I / Lindblad, Ulf / Daka, Bledar

    Journal of hypertension

    2024  Volume 42, Issue 3, Page(s) 580–581

    MeSH term(s) Middle Aged ; Male ; Humans ; Female ; Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin ; Hypertension ; Testosterone
    Chemical Substances Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin ; Testosterone (3XMK78S47O)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-01
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 605532-1
    ISSN 1473-5598 ; 0263-6352 ; 0952-1178
    ISSN (online) 1473-5598
    ISSN 0263-6352 ; 0952-1178
    DOI 10.1097/HJH.0000000000003630
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Sex differences in blood pressure regulation and hypertension: renal, hemodynamic, and hormonal mechanisms.

    Drury, Erika R / Wu, Jing / Gigliotti, Joseph C / Le, Thu H

    Physiological reviews

    2023  Volume 104, Issue 1, Page(s) 199–251

    Abstract: The teleology of sex differences has been argued since at least as early as Aristotle's ...

    Abstract The teleology of sex differences has been argued since at least as early as Aristotle's controversial
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Blood Pressure/physiology ; Sex Characteristics ; Hypertension ; Kidney ; Hemodynamics ; Sodium
    Chemical Substances Sodium (9NEZ333N27)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 209902-0
    ISSN 1522-1210 ; 0031-9333
    ISSN (online) 1522-1210
    ISSN 0031-9333
    DOI 10.1152/physrev.00041.2022
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Pulmonary arterial hypertension: Sex matters.

    Dignam, Joshua P / Sharma, Smriti / Stasinopoulos, Ioannis / MacLean, Margaret R

    British journal of pharmacology

    2024  Volume 181, Issue 7, Page(s) 938–966

    Abstract: ... metabolism and signalling underpin the sexual dimorphism of this disease. Other sex hormones ... pathophysiological mechanisms are complex, several compounds that modulate sex hormones levels and signalling are ... including sex chromosomes and epigenetics have also been implicated. Though the underlying ...

    Abstract Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a complex disease of multifactorial origin. While registries have demonstrated that women are more susceptible to the disease, females with PAH have superior right ventricle (RV) function and a better prognosis than their male counterparts, a phenomenon referred to as the 'estrogen paradox'. Numerous pre-clinical studies have investigated the involvement of sex hormones in PAH pathobiology, often with conflicting results. However, recent advances suggest that abnormal estrogen synthesis, metabolism and signalling underpin the sexual dimorphism of this disease. Other sex hormones, such as progesterone, testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone may also play a role. Several non-hormonal factor including sex chromosomes and epigenetics have also been implicated. Though the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are complex, several compounds that modulate sex hormones levels and signalling are under investigation in PAH patients. Further elucidation of the estrogen paradox will set the stage for the identification of additional therapeutic targets for this disease.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Male ; Female ; Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension/drug therapy ; Hypertension, Pulmonary/metabolism ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones/metabolism ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones/therapeutic use ; Estrogens/metabolism ; Testosterone ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Right
    Chemical Substances Gonadal Steroid Hormones ; Estrogens ; Testosterone (3XMK78S47O)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 80081-8
    ISSN 1476-5381 ; 0007-1188
    ISSN (online) 1476-5381
    ISSN 0007-1188
    DOI 10.1111/bph.16277
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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