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  1. Article ; Online: COVID-19 associated cranial nerve neuropathy: A systematic review.

    Finsterer, Josef / Scorza, Fulvio Alexandre / Scorza, Carla / Fiorini, Ana

    Bosnian journal of basic medical sciences

    2022  Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 39–45

    Abstract: ... of cranial nerves in COVID-19 may or may not be associated with GBS. In patients with cranial nerve involvement ... The involvement of cranial nerves is being increasingly recognised in COVID-19. This review aims ... COVID-19 infections are usually mild. Isolated cranial nerve palsy without GBS usually responds ...

    Abstract The involvement of cranial nerves is being increasingly recognised in COVID-19. This review aims to summarize and discuss the recent advances concerning the clinical presentation, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 associated cranial nerve mononeuropathies or polyneuropathies. Therefore, a systematic review of articles from PubMed and Google Scholar was conducted. Altogether 36 articles regarding SARS-CoV-2 associated neuropathy of cranial nerves describing 56 patients were retrieved. Out of these 56 patients, cranial nerves were compromised without the involvement of peripheral nerves in 32 of the patients, while Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) with cranial nerve involvement was described in 24 patients. A single cranial nerve was involved either unilaterally or bilaterally in 36 patients, while in 19 patients multiple cranial nerves were involved. Bilateral involvement was more prevalent in the GBS group (n=11) as compared to the cohort with isolated cranial nerve involvement (n=5). Treatment of cranial nerve neuropathy included steroids (n=18), intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) (n=18), acyclovir/valacyclovir (n=3), and plasma exchange (n=1). The outcome was classified as "complete recovery" in 21 patients and as "partial recovery" in 30 patients. One patient had a lethal outcome. In conclusion, any cranial nerve can be involved in COVID-19, but cranial nerves VII, VI, and III are the most frequently affected. The involvement of cranial nerves in COVID-19 may or may not be associated with GBS. In patients with cranial nerve involvement, COVID-19 infections are usually mild. Isolated cranial nerve palsy without GBS usually responds favorably to steroids. Cranial nerve involvement with GBS benefits from IVIG.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Cranial Nerve Diseases ; Cranial Nerves ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome/diagnosis ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome/therapy ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-01
    Publishing country Bosnia and Herzegovina
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 2240029-1
    ISSN 1840-4812 ; 1512-8601
    ISSN (online) 1840-4812
    ISSN 1512-8601
    DOI 10.17305/bjbms.2021.6341
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 6314: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  2. Article ; Online: Neurological complications after COVID-19: A narrative review.

    Molaverdi, Ghazale / Kamal, Zahra / Safavi, Mahshid / Shafiee, Arman / Mozhgani, Sayed-Hamidreza / Ghobadi, Mohadeseh Zarei / Goudarzvand, Mahdi

    eNeurologicalSci

    2023  Volume 33, Page(s) 100485

    Abstract: ... neurological symptoms associated with COVID-19 and the possible pathological mechanisms hoping to provide new insights ... in only some COVID-19 patients has not been determined. This review focuses on the different ... dysfunctions, neuropathy, visual impairments, neuralgia, cranial nerves palsy, and muscle involvement ...

    Abstract COVID-19 is primarily classified as a respiratory disorder; however, various neurological symptoms have been reported in COVID-19 patients. Neurological manifestations may be the initial signs of COVID-19 and can develop in patients of different age groups and with or without underlying disease. COVID-19 causes a broad range of complications in the central nervous system. These include headaches, altered mental status, dizziness, seizures, cerebrovascular events, encephalitis, and other encephalopathies. Moreover, a broad spectrum of peripheral nervous system symptoms such as olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions, neuropathy, visual impairments, neuralgia, cranial nerves palsy, and muscle involvement could manifest as symptoms. Despite various efforts, the exact pathogenesis of the COVID-19 neurological complications has not been clarified yet. Moreover, the reason for the development of neurological manifestation in only some COVID-19 patients has not been determined. This review focuses on the different neurological symptoms associated with COVID-19 and the possible pathological mechanisms hoping to provide new insights for diagnosis, therapies, or other forms of intervention.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-15
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2838045-9
    ISSN 2405-6502 ; 2405-6502
    ISSN (online) 2405-6502
    ISSN 2405-6502
    DOI 10.1016/j.ensci.2023.100485
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Ocular adverse effects of COVID-19 vaccines

    Shalini Kumari / Raj Anand / Bhumika Sambyal / Yudhyavir Singh / Pradeep Rangappa / Simant Kumar Jha

    Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Vol 11, Iss 9, Pp 5041-

    A systematic review

    2022  Volume 5054

    Abstract: ... of these manifestations is quite low after COVID-19 vaccinations. Our systematic review meticulously enumerates various ... COVID-19 vaccination. A systematic search was performed on 25 January 2022 through PuBMed, Medline and ... The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the development and rollout of several vaccines worldwide ...

    Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the development and rollout of several vaccines worldwide at unprecedented pace. This systematic review of published literature has been undertaken to spread awareness among general physicians and ophthalmologists about the various reported adverse effects in the eye following COVID-19 vaccination. A systematic search was performed on 25 January 2022 through PuBMed, Medline and Google scholar for publications on ocular adverse effects after COVID-19 vaccination. One brief communication, four retrospective case series, sixteen case reports, and five letters to editors were included. Ocular manifestations most commonly appear in the uvea and retina. Other manifestations are seen on the eyelid, cornea and ocular surface, and in cranial nerves innervating the eye. The incidence rate of these manifestations is quite low after COVID-19 vaccinations. Our systematic review meticulously enumerates various adverse effects of COVID -19 vaccine on the eye. Most of these adverse effects are transient and observed to resolve without any sequelae except for cases of retinal and ophthalmic vascular occlusions and corneal graft rejections. An emphasis on close follow-up and a need to delay vaccination and modified therapy to control flare up of signs and symptoms in certain sub-populations, Graves' disease (autoimmune etiology), pre-existing uveal inflammation and corneal graft cases are warranted. We need long-term, larger, multicentric studies to substantiate our findings and establish the causal relationship with certainty. Mass vaccinations to curb this pandemic after outweighing the ocular risks associated with it is warranted.
    Keywords cornea ; coronavirus ; covid-19 ; eye ; eyelid ; neuropathy ; ocular adverse effects ; retinopathy ; sars-cov-2 ; uvea ; vaccination ; Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: COVID-19 associated cranial nerve neuropathy

    Josef Finsterer / Fulvio Alexandre Scorza / Carla Scorza / Ana Fiorini

    Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences (2021)

    A systematic review

    2021  

    Abstract: ... of cranial nerves in COVID-19 may or may not be associated with GBS. In patients with cranial nerve involvement ... The involvement of cranial nerves is being increasingly recognised in COVID-19. This review aims ... COVID-19 infections are usually mild. Isolated cranial nerve palsy without GBS usually responds ...

    Abstract The involvement of cranial nerves is being increasingly recognised in COVID-19. This review aims to summarize and discuss the recent advances concerning the clinical presentation, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 associated cranial nerve mononeuropathies or polyneuropathies. Therefore, a systematic review of articles from PubMed and Google Scholar was conducted. Altogether 36 articles regarding SARS-CoV-2 associated neuropathy of cranial nerves describing 56 patients were retrieved. Out of these 56 patients, cranial nerves were compromised without the involvement of peripheral nerves in 32 of the patients, while Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) with cranial nerve involvement was described in 24 patients. A single cranial nerve was involved either unilaterally or bilaterally in 36 patients, while in 19 patients multiple cranial nerves were involved. Bilateral involvement was more prevalent in the GBS group (n=11) as compared to the cohort with isolated cranial nerve involvement (n=5). Treatment of cranial nerve neuropathy included steroids (n=18), intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) (n=18), acyclovir/valacyclovir (n=3), and plasma exchange (n=1). The outcome was classified as “complete recovery” in 21 patients and as ”partial recovery” in 30 patients. One patient had a lethal outcome. In conclusion, any cranial nerve can be involved in COVID-19, but cranial nerves VII, VI, and III are the most frequently affected. The involvement of cranial nerves in COVID-19 may or may not be associated with GBS. In patients with cranial nerve involvement, COVID-19 infections are usually mild. Isolated cranial nerve palsy without GBS usually responds favorably to steroids. Cranial nerve involvement with GBS benefits from IVIG.
    Keywords Cranial nerves ; nerve conduction ; neuropathy ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; Guillain Barre syndrome ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 610 ; 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Association of Basic Medical Sciences of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article: COVID-19 Pathophysiology Predicts That Ischemic Stroke Occurrence Is an Expectation, Not an Exception-A Systematic Review.

    Wijeratne, Tissa / Gillard Crewther, Sheila / Sales, Carmela / Karimi, Leila

    Frontiers in neurology

    2021  Volume 11, Page(s) 607221

    Abstract: ... aggregation on the brain. This scoping review has focused on the pathophysiological mechanisms associated ... hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, peripheral neuropathy, cranial nerve palsies, transverse myelitis, and demyelinating disorders ... COVID-19), such as acute ischemic stroke (AIS), encephalopathy, seizures, headaches ...

    Abstract Clinical reports of neurological manifestations associated with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), such as acute ischemic stroke (AIS), encephalopathy, seizures, headaches, acute necrotizing encephalitis, cerebral microbleeds, posterior reversible leukoencephalopathy syndrome, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, peripheral neuropathy, cranial nerve palsies, transverse myelitis, and demyelinating disorders, are increasing rapidly. However, there are comparatively few studies investigating the potential impact of immunological responses secondary to hypoxia, oxidative stress, and excessive platelet-induced aggregation on the brain. This scoping review has focused on the pathophysiological mechanisms associated with peripheral and consequential neural (central) inflammation leading to COVID-19-related ischemic strokes. It also highlights the common biological processes shared between AIS and COVID-19 infection and the importance of the recognition that severe respiratory dysfunction and neurological impairments associated with COVID and chronic inflammation [post-COVID-19 neurological syndrome (PCNS)] may significantly impact recovery and ability to benefit from neurorehabilitation. This study provides a comprehensive review of the pathobiology of COVID-19 and ischemic stroke. It also affirms that the immunological contribution to the pathophysiology of COVID-19 is predictive of the neurological sequelae particularly ischemic stroke, which makes it the expectation rather than the exception. This work is of fundamental significance to the neurorehabilitation community given the increasing number of COVID-related ischemic strokes, the current limited knowledge regarding the risk of reinfection, and recent reports of a PCNS. It further highlights the need for global collaboration and research into new pathobiology-based neurorehabilitation treatment strategies and more integrated evidence-based care.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-28
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 2564214-5
    ISSN 1664-2295
    ISSN 1664-2295
    DOI 10.3389/fneur.2020.607221
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