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  1. Article ; Online: Navigating intersecting public health crises: a qualitative study of people with opioid use disorders' experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic.

    Watson, Dennis P / Staton, Monte D / Grella, Christine E / Scott, Christy K / Dennis, Michael L

    Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy

    2022  Volume 17, Issue 1, Page(s) 22

    Abstract: ... qualitative research aimed at identifying how people with opioid use disorder (OUD) are understanding, experiencing ... interacting events with significant public health impacts for people with opioid use disorder (OUD). Most ... Background: The decades-long opioid epidemic and the more recent COVID-19 pandemic are two ...

    Abstract Background: The decades-long opioid epidemic and the more recent COVID-19 pandemic are two interacting events with significant public health impacts for people with opioid use disorder (OUD). Most published studies regarding the intersection of these two public health crises have focused on community, state, or national trends using pre-existing data. There is a need for complementary qualitative research aimed at identifying how people with opioid use disorder (OUD) are understanding, experiencing, and navigating this unprecedented time. The current study examines understandings and experiences of people with OUD while they have navigated these crises.
    Methods: The study was guided by a pragmatic lens. We conducted brief semi-structured qualitative interviews with 25 individuals in Chicago, the majority of which had received methadone treatment during the pandemic. Thematic inductive analysis was guided by primary interview questions.
    Results: The sample represents a high-risk group, being composed mostly of older non-Hispanic African American males and having considerable socioeconomic barriers. Themes demonstrate how individuals are keeping safe despite limited knowledge of COVID-19, how the pandemic has increased treatment motivation for some, how adaptations impacted treatment and recovery supports, how the availability social support had been reduced, and difficulties individuals had keeping or obtaining financial support.
    Conclusions: The findings can be useful for informing future public health response to ensure appropriate treatment access and supports are available. In particular are the need for treatment providers to ensure people with OUD receive appropriate and understandable health crisis-related information and ensuring funds are appropriately allocated to address mental health impacts of social isolation. Finally, there is a need for appropriate financial and infrastructure supports to ensure health and treatment access disparities are not exacerbated for those in greatest need.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Humans ; Male ; Opioid-Related Disorders/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; Public Health ; Qualitative Research
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2222956-5
    ISSN 1747-597X ; 1747-597X
    ISSN (online) 1747-597X
    ISSN 1747-597X
    DOI 10.1186/s13011-022-00449-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Experiences of people with opioid use disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study.

    Galarneau, Lexis R / Hilburt, Jesse / O'Neill, Zoe R / Buxton, Jane A / Scheuermeyer, Frank X / Dong, Kathryn / Kaczorowski, Janusz / Orkin, Aaron M / Barbic, Skye Pamela / Bath, Misty / Moe, Jessica / Miles, Isabelle / Tobin, Dianne / Grier, Sherry / Garrod, Emma / Kestler, Andrew

    PloS one

    2021  Volume 16, Issue 7, Page(s) e0255396

    Abstract: Aim: To capture pandemic experiences of people with opioid use disorder (OUD) to better inform ... on the social lives, access to services, and risk-taking behaviour of people with opioid use disorder. Pandemic ... participants' knowledge of COVID-19 and related safety measures, changes to drug use and healthcare services ...

    Abstract Aim: To capture pandemic experiences of people with opioid use disorder (OUD) to better inform the programs that serve them.
    Design: We designed, conducted, and analyzed semi-structured qualitative interviews using grounded theory. We conducted interviews until theme saturation was reached and we iteratively developed a codebook of emerging themes. Individuals with lived experience of substance use provided feedback at all steps of the study.
    Setting: We conducted phone or in-person interviews in compliance with physical distancing and public health regulations in outdoor Vancouver parks or well-ventilated indoor spaces between June to September 2020.
    Participants: Using purposive sampling, we recruited participants (n = 19) who were individuals with OUD enrolled in an intensive community outreach program, had visited one of two emergency departments, were over 18, lived within catchment, and were not already receiving opioid agonist therapy.
    Measurements: We audio-recorded interviews, which were later transcribed verbatim and checked for accuracy while removing all identifiers. Interviews explored participants' knowledge of COVID-19 and related safety measures, changes to drug use and healthcare services, and community impacts of COVID-19.
    Results: One third of participants were women, approximately two thirds had stable housing, and ages ranged between 23 and 59 years old. Participants were knowledgeable on COVID-19 public health measures. Some participants noted that fear decreased social connection and reluctance to help reverse overdoses; others expressed pride in community cohesion during crisis. Several participants mentioned decreased access to housing, harm reduction, and medical care services. Several participants reported using drugs alone more frequently, consuming different or fewer drugs because of supply shortages, or using more drugs to replace lost activities.
    Conclusion: COVID-19 had profound effects on the social lives, access to services, and risk-taking behaviour of people with opioid use disorder. Pandemic public health measures must include risk mitigation strategies to maintain access to critical opioid-related services.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Analgesics, Opioid/adverse effects ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Drug Overdose/virology ; Female ; Harm Reduction/physiology ; Health Services ; Housing ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Opioid-Related Disorders/virology ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Public Health/methods ; Qualitative Research ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Analgesics, Opioid
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0255396
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: "It's Also Pushed People to a New Level of Desperation:" COVID-19 Impacts on Experiences of Persons Who Use Illicit Opioids.

    Sweeney, Kaylin / Daniulaityte, Raminta / Mendoza, Natasha / Ki, Seol / Doebbeling, Bradley

    Journal of psychoactive drugs

    2022  Volume 56, Issue 1, Page(s) 127–134

    Abstract: The purpose of this qualitative study is to characterize the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic ... on drug use experiences among persons who use illicit opioids (PWUO) in Arizona. Between 12/2020 and 05/2021 ... pharmaceutical fentanyl (NPF) pills. Nearly all reported changes in their drug use during the pandemic ...

    Abstract The purpose of this qualitative study is to characterize the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on drug use experiences among persons who use illicit opioids (PWUO) in Arizona. Between 12/2020 and 05/2021, interviews were conducted via Zoom with 22 PWUO from across Arizona. Participants were recruited through Craigslist and social media ads, referrals by a local harm reduction organization, and other participants. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using NVivo. Participants were 25-51 years of age, 36% were female, and 55% non-Hispanic White. Most reported past month use of heroin, and/or counterfeit (pressed) non-pharmaceutical fentanyl (NPF) pills. Nearly all reported changes in their drug use during the pandemic. Participants discussed profound negative impacts of social isolation with escalating mental health problems, boredom, and ease of hiding drug use from others, leading to increases in drug use. Loss of daily routines, employment difficulties, and challenges of accessing treatment due to COVID-19 restrictions were also driving factors for increased drug use. The growing availability of NPF pills during the pandemic led many individuals to transition from heroin to more frequent NPF pill use. The results emphasize the need for quality behavioral care services with an increased focus on economic and social support systems.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Female ; Male ; Analgesics, Opioid ; Heroin ; Pandemics ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Fentanyl ; Substance-Related Disorders ; Drug Overdose/epidemiology
    Chemical Substances Analgesics, Opioid ; Heroin (70D95007SX) ; Fentanyl (UF599785JZ)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 392405-1
    ISSN 2159-9777 ; 0279-1072
    ISSN (online) 2159-9777
    ISSN 0279-1072
    DOI 10.1080/02791072.2022.2160391
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: "No home to take methadone to": Experiences with addiction services during the COVID-19 pandemic among survivors of opioid overdose in Boston.

    Harris, Miriam T H / Lambert, Audrey M / Maschke, Ariel D / Bagley, Sarah M / Walley, Alexander Y / Gunn, Christine M

    Journal of substance abuse treatment

    2021  Volume 135, Page(s) 108655

    Abstract: Introduction: We conducted a qualitative study to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic ... participants from Boston, Massachusetts, aged 18-65 who had a history of opioid use disorder and overdose ... on medications for opioid use disorder created opportunities for improved patient-centered care. Concrete ...

    Abstract Introduction: We conducted a qualitative study to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on experiences with addiction treatment and harm reduction services.
    Methods: The study recruited participants from Boston, Massachusetts, aged 18-65 who had a history of opioid use disorder and overdose, from a parent study (REpeated dose Behavioral intervention to reduce Opioid Overdose, REBOOT) to participate between August and October 2020. In-depth individual interviews explored the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on addiction service experiences. We conducted a grounded content analysis that examined codes related to addiction service access and engagement during the pandemic to compare and categorize participants according to their experiences.
    Results: The study enrolled twenty participants. The mean age was 42 years; most identified as white (n = 16); ten participants identified as men, nine as cis-gender women, and one as a trans-gender woman. Participants described their experiences with COVID-19-driven changes to addiction care (methadone take homes, televisits for either buprenorphine or behavioral health services, and syringe service outreach) access and engagement as: 1) liberating (n = 7), 2) destabilizing (n = 8), or 3) unjust (n = 5). Participants in the liberating group found adaptations allowed for increased flexibility, freedom, and safety from COVID-19. This group was mostly housed and had strong social supports that facilitated participation in adapted treatment programs. COVID-19-related changes to addiction treatment disrupted routine and community supports among those in the destabilizing group. Participants in the unjust group felt that adaptations exacerbated inequities as a lack of housing and other social supports prohibited them from benefiting from the relaxed restrictions to methadone or buprenorphine. This group was mostly unhoused and found that adaptations did not adequately mitigate other inequities worsened by public health mandates for unhoused people who use drugs.
    Conclusion: Relaxed restrictions on medications for opioid use disorder created opportunities for improved patient-centered care. Concrete measures that address service barriers, such as phone or transportation access, may have reduced destabilizing and unjust experiences reported by our participants. However, addiction care inequities will persist if drivers of marginalization, specifically a lack of housing, remain unaddressed.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Boston ; COVID-19 ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Methadone/therapeutic use ; Middle Aged ; Opiate Overdose ; Opiate Substitution Treatment ; Opioid-Related Disorders/rehabilitation ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Survivors ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Methadone (UC6VBE7V1Z)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 605923-5
    ISSN 1873-6483 ; 0740-5472
    ISSN (online) 1873-6483
    ISSN 0740-5472
    DOI 10.1016/j.jsat.2021.108655
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Experiences of people with opioid use disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic

    Lexis R Galarneau / Jesse Hilburt / Zoe R O'Neill / Jane A Buxton / Frank X Scheuermeyer / Kathryn Dong / Janusz Kaczorowski / Aaron M Orkin / Skye Pamela Barbic / Misty Bath / Jessica Moe / Isabelle Miles / Dianne Tobin / Sherry Grier / Emma Garrod / Andrew Kestler

    PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 7, p e

    A qualitative study.

    2021  Volume 0255396

    Abstract: Aim To capture pandemic experiences of people with opioid use disorder (OUD) to better inform ... on the social lives, access to services, and risk-taking behaviour of people with opioid use disorder. ... ... knowledge of COVID-19 and related safety measures, changes to drug use and healthcare services, and ...

    Abstract Aim To capture pandemic experiences of people with opioid use disorder (OUD) to better inform the programs that serve them. Design We designed, conducted, and analyzed semi-structured qualitative interviews using grounded theory. We conducted interviews until theme saturation was reached and we iteratively developed a codebook of emerging themes. Individuals with lived experience of substance use provided feedback at all steps of the study. Setting We conducted phone or in-person interviews in compliance with physical distancing and public health regulations in outdoor Vancouver parks or well-ventilated indoor spaces between June to September 2020. Participants Using purposive sampling, we recruited participants (n = 19) who were individuals with OUD enrolled in an intensive community outreach program, had visited one of two emergency departments, were over 18, lived within catchment, and were not already receiving opioid agonist therapy. Measurements We audio-recorded interviews, which were later transcribed verbatim and checked for accuracy while removing all identifiers. Interviews explored participants' knowledge of COVID-19 and related safety measures, changes to drug use and healthcare services, and community impacts of COVID-19. Results One third of participants were women, approximately two thirds had stable housing, and ages ranged between 23 and 59 years old. Participants were knowledgeable on COVID-19 public health measures. Some participants noted that fear decreased social connection and reluctance to help reverse overdoses; others expressed pride in community cohesion during crisis. Several participants mentioned decreased access to housing, harm reduction, and medical care services. Several participants reported using drugs alone more frequently, consuming different or fewer drugs because of supply shortages, or using more drugs to replace lost activities. Conclusion COVID-19 had profound effects on the social lives, access to services, and risk-taking behaviour of people with opioid use disorder. ...
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Navigating intersecting public health crises

    Dennis P. Watson / Monte D. Staton / Christine E. Grella / Christy K. Scott / Michael L. Dennis

    Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy, Vol 17, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    a qualitative study of people with opioid use disorders' experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic

    2022  Volume 10

    Abstract: ... qualitative research aimed at identifying how people with opioid use disorder (OUD) are understanding, experiencing ... interacting events with significant public health impacts for people with opioid use disorder (OUD). Most ... Abstract Background The decades-long opioid epidemic and the more recent COVID-19 pandemic are two ...

    Abstract Abstract Background The decades-long opioid epidemic and the more recent COVID-19 pandemic are two interacting events with significant public health impacts for people with opioid use disorder (OUD). Most published studies regarding the intersection of these two public health crises have focused on community, state, or national trends using pre-existing data. There is a need for complementary qualitative research aimed at identifying how people with opioid use disorder (OUD) are understanding, experiencing, and navigating this unprecedented time. The current study examines understandings and experiences of people with OUD while they have navigated these crises. Methods The study was guided by a pragmatic lens. We conducted brief semi-structured qualitative interviews with 25 individuals in Chicago, the majority of which had received methadone treatment during the pandemic. Thematic inductive analysis was guided by primary interview questions. Results The sample represents a high-risk group, being composed mostly of older non-Hispanic African American males and having considerable socioeconomic barriers. Themes demonstrate how individuals are keeping safe despite limited knowledge of COVID-19, how the pandemic has increased treatment motivation for some, how adaptations impacted treatment and recovery supports, how the availability social support had been reduced, and difficulties individuals had keeping or obtaining financial support. Conclusions The findings can be useful for informing future public health response to ensure appropriate treatment access and supports are available. In particular are the need for treatment providers to ensure people with OUD receive appropriate and understandable health crisis-related information and ensuring funds are appropriately allocated to address mental health impacts of social isolation. Finally, there is a need for appropriate financial and infrastructure supports to ensure health and treatment access disparities are not exacerbated for those in greatest need.
    Keywords COVID-19 ; Medication for opioid use disorder ; Methadone ; Opioid use disorder ; Pandemic ; Recovery capital ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270 ; Social pathology. Social and public welfare. Criminology ; HV1-9960
    Subject code 360
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Barriers to Care Experienced by Patients Who Inject Drugs During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Analysis.

    Gleason, Emily / Nolan, Nathanial S / Marks, Laura R / Habrock, Tracey / Liang, Stephen Y / Durkin, Michael J

    Journal of addiction medicine

    2021  Volume 16, Issue 2, Page(s) e133–e136

    Abstract: ... services in both inpatient and outpatient settings. Opioid use disorder management must be understood ... who inject drugs (PWID) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.: Methods: This report is ... a sub-analysis of a larger qualitative study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with PWID ...

    Abstract Objectives: To identify the barriers to accessing health care and social services faced by people who inject drugs (PWID) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
    Methods: This report is a sub-analysis of a larger qualitative study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with PWID admitted to an academic medical center from 2017 to 2020 for an invasive injection-related infection. Standard qualitative analysis techniques, consisting of both inductive and deductive approaches, were used to identify and characterize the effects of COVID-19 on participants.
    Results: Among the 30 PWID interview participants, 14 reported barriers to accessing health and addiction services due to COVID-19. As facilities decreased appointment availability or transitioned to telemedicine, PWID reported being unable to access services. Social distancing led to isolation or loneliness during hospital stays and in the community. Recovery meetings and support groups, critical to addiction recovery, were particularly affected. Other participants reported that uncertainty and fear of contracting the virus generated changes in behavior that led them to avoid seeking services.
    Conclusions: COVID-19 has disrupted health systems and social services, leading PWID to experience unprecedented barriers to accessing and maintaining health and addiction services in both inpatient and outpatient settings. Opioid use disorder management must be understood as a holistic process, and a multidisciplinary approach to ensuring comprehensive care, even in the midst of this pandemic, is needed.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Health Services Accessibility ; Humans ; Opioid-Related Disorders ; Pandemics ; Substance Abuse, Intravenous/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-13
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ISSN 1935-3227
    ISSN (online) 1935-3227
    DOI 10.1097/ADM.0000000000000853
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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