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  1. Article ; Online: Characteristics Associated with Olfactory and Taste Disorders in COVID-19.

    Galmiche, Simon / Bruel, Timothée / Madec, Yoann / Tondeur, Laura / Grzelak, Ludivine / Staropoli, Isabelle / Cailleau, Isabelle / Ungeheuer, Marie-Noëlle / Renaudat, Charlotte / Fernandes Pellerin, Sandrine / Hoen, Bruno / Schwartz, Olivier / Fontanet, Arnaud

    Neuroepidemiology

    2021  Volume 55, Issue 5, Page(s) 381–386

    Abstract: Introduction: Olfactory and taste disorders (OTDs) have been reported in COVID-19 caused ... a COVID-19 epidemic in February-March 2020. Students, their relatives, and school staff were included ... participants, OTDs were independently associated with an age above 18 years, female gender, fatigue, and ...

    Abstract Introduction: Olfactory and taste disorders (OTDs) have been reported in COVID-19 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the mechanisms of which remain unclear. We conducted a detailed analysis of OTDs as part of 2 seroepidemiological investigations of COVID-19 outbreaks.
    Methods: Two retrospective cohort studies were conducted in a high school and primary schools of Northern France following a COVID-19 epidemic in February-March 2020. Students, their relatives, and school staff were included. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were identified using a flow-cytometry-based assay detecting anti-S IgG.
    Results: Among 2,004 participants (median [IQR] age: 31 [11-43] years), 303 (15.2%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. OTDs were present in 91 (30.0%) and 92 (30.3%) of them, respectively, and had 85.1 and 78.0% positive predictive values for SARS-CoV-2 infection, respectively. In seropositive participants, OTDs were independently associated with an age above 18 years, female gender, fatigue, and headache.
    Conclusion: This study confirms the higher frequency of OTDs in females than males and adults than children. Their high predictive value for the diagnosis of COVID-19 suggests that they should be systematically searched for in patients with respiratory symptoms, fever, or headache. The association of OTDs with headache, not previously reported, suggests that they share a common mechanism, which deserves further investigation.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Antibodies, Viral/analysis ; COVID-19/complications ; Child ; Humans ; Olfaction Disorders/etiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Taste Disorders/etiology ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-01
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 603189-4
    ISSN 1423-0208 ; 0251-5350
    ISSN (online) 1423-0208
    ISSN 0251-5350
    DOI 10.1159/000517066
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Characteristics of COVID-19 smell and taste dysfunction in hospitalized patients.

    Husain, Qasim / Kokinakos, Konstandina / Kuo, Yen-Hong / Zaidi, Faiha / Houston, Sean / Shargorodsky, Josef

    American journal of otolaryngology

    2021  Volume 42, Issue 6, Page(s) 103068

    Abstract: ... to elucidate the factors associated with smell and taste dysfunction amongst hospitalized COVID-19 patients ... Clinical symptoms of smell and taste dysfunction are prominent features of COVID-19. The objective of this study was ... with smell or taste loss (OR 3.2, CI 1.8-5.47; P < 0.001). The mortality rate among COVID-19 patients ...

    Abstract The effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) exist on a spectrum. Clinical symptoms of smell and taste dysfunction are prominent features of COVID-19. The objective of this study was to elucidate the factors associated with smell and taste dysfunction amongst hospitalized COVID-19 patients. A retrospective review of a multi-hospital health network's COVID-19 database between March and June 2020 was performed. Patients with self-reported smell or taste loss were included. Demographic information, patient comorbidities, and mortality data was obtained. There were 2892 patients included in this analysis and 117 reported smell or taste loss (4.0%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.4%-4.8%). The proportion of females with smell or taste loss was significantly higher than males (6.3% vs. 2.5%, P < 0.001), whereas no differences existed between ethnicity or smoking status. When compared with age of 30-40 years, the age group of 10-20 years were most likely to present with smell or taste dysfunction (odds ratio [OR] 6.59, 95% CI 1.32-26.12; P = 0.01). The majority of specific comorbidities were not associated with increased incidence of smell or taste dysfunction. Outpatient healthcare workers were more likely to present with smell or taste loss (OR 3.2, CI 1.8-5.47; P < 0.001). The mortality rate among COVID-19 patients with smell or taste dysfunction was significantly lower than those without (0% vs. 20.3%; P < 0.001). Smell or taste loss is more prevalent in women, younger age groups, and healthier individuals. It may be associated with lower mortality and a milder disease trajectory compared to the overall cohort.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; COVID-19/complications ; COVID-19/mortality ; COVID-19/physiopathology ; Child ; Female ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Olfaction Disorders/epidemiology ; Olfaction Disorders/etiology ; Olfaction Disorders/mortality ; Olfaction Disorders/physiopathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Factors ; Smell/physiology ; Taste/physiology ; Taste Disorders/epidemiology ; Taste Disorders/etiology ; Taste Disorders/mortality ; Taste Disorders/physiopathology ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 604541-8
    ISSN 1532-818X ; 0196-0709
    ISSN (online) 1532-818X
    ISSN 0196-0709
    DOI 10.1016/j.amjoto.2021.103068
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Changes in symptoms and characteristics of COVID-19 patients across different variants: two years study using neural network analysis.

    Torabi, Seyed Hossein / Riahi, Seyed Mohammad / Ebrahimzadeh, Azadeh / Salmani, Fatemeh

    BMC infectious diseases

    2023  Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 838

    Abstract: ... characteristics, symptoms, and underlying conditions of individuals infected with different strains of COVID-19 ... 22), and taste or smell disorder (OR: 2.62; 95% CI, 2.1 - 3.28). Additionally, aging was found ... myalgia, cough and taste/smell disorder are better factors compared to dyspnea or high body temperature ...

    Abstract Background: Considering the fact that COVID-19 has undergone various changes over time, its symptoms have also varied. The aim of this study is to describe and compare the changes in personal characteristics, symptoms, and underlying conditions of individuals infected with different strains of COVID-19.
    Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 46,747 patients who underwent PCR testing during a two-year period from February 22, 2020 to February 23, 2022, in South Khorasan province, Iran. Patient characteristics and symptoms were extracted based on self-report and the information system. The data were analyzed using logistic regression and artificial neural network approaches. The R software was used for analysis and a significance level of 0.05 was considered for the tests.
    Results: Among the 46,747 cases analyzed, 23,239 (49.7%) were male, and the mean age was 51.48 ± 21.41 years. There was a significant difference in symptoms among different variants of the disease (p < 0.001). The factors with a significant positive association were myalgia (OR: 2.04; 95% CI, 1.76 - 2.36), cough (OR: 1.93; 95% CI, 1.68-2.22), and taste or smell disorder (OR: 2.62; 95% CI, 2.1 - 3.28). Additionally, aging was found to increase the likelihood of testing positive across the six periods.
    Conclusion: We found that older age, myalgia, cough and taste/smell disorder are better factors compared to dyspnea or high body temperature, for identifying a COVID-19 patient. As the disease evolved, chills and diarrhea, demonstrated prognostic strength as in Omicron.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Male ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Female ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Myalgia ; Cough ; Olfaction Disorders
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2041550-3
    ISSN 1471-2334 ; 1471-2334
    ISSN (online) 1471-2334
    ISSN 1471-2334
    DOI 10.1186/s12879-023-08813-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Characteristics, onset, and evolution of neurological symptoms in patients with COVID-19.

    Kacem, Imen / Gharbi, Alya / Harizi, Chahida / Souissi, Emira / Safer, Mouna / Nasri, Amina / Letaief, Hajer / Akkari, Manel / Hechaichi, Aicha / Mrabet, Saloua / Dhaouadi, Sonia / Ben Djebara, Mouna / Derouiche, Sondes / Gargouri, Amina / Chahed, Mohamed / Ben Alaya, Nissaf / Gouider, Riadh

    Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology

    2020  Volume 42, Issue 1, Page(s) 39–46

    Abstract: ... confirmed COVID-19 patients, 646 were included (mean age 42.17 years old) and 466 (72.1%) had ... Neurological symptoms in COVID-19 are frequent, can be isolated and present at onset. A total recovery is the most ... When associated with fever (n = 143, 51.3%), headache was more likely to be severe and present at onset. Recovery ...

    Abstract Background: A wide range of neurological manifestations has been described in COVID-19.
    Methods: In this nationwide retrospective observational study, patients in Tunisia diagnosed with COVID-19 between the 2nd of March and the 16th of May 2020 were contacted by telephone. We collected demographic and clinical data and specified characteristics and evolution of main neurological symptoms.
    Results: Of 1034 confirmed COVID-19 patients, 646 were included (mean age 42.17 years old) and 466 (72.1%) had neurological symptoms. Neurological symptoms were isolated 22.7% (n = 106). Headache was the most frequent neurological symptom (n = 279, 41.1%): mainly frontotemporal (n = 143, 51.1%) and mild or moderate (n = 165, 59.1%). When associated with fever (n = 143, 51.3%), headache was more likely to be severe and present at onset. Recovery was reported in 83.2%. Smell and taste impairment were found in 37.9% (n = 245) and 36.8% (n = 238) respectively. Among them, 65.3% (156/239) were anosmic and 63.2% (146/231) were ageusic. A complete improvement was found in 72.1% (174/240) of smell impairment and in 76.8% (179/233) of taste impairment. Myalgia (n = 241, 37.3%) and sleep disturbances (n = 241, 37.3%) were also frequent. Imported cases had more neurological symptoms (p = 0.001). In 14.5%, neurological symptoms preceded the respiratory signs (RS). RS were associated with more frequent (p = 0.006) and numerous (p < 0.001) neurological symptoms.
    Conclusions: Neurological symptoms in COVID-19 are frequent, can be isolated and present at onset. A total recovery is the most recorded outcome. RS are predictive of neurological symptoms. Studies in to virus and host genetics should be considered to understand the different phenotypes.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Ageusia/epidemiology ; Ageusia/etiology ; Ageusia/physiopathology ; COVID-19/complications ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Female ; Headache/epidemiology ; Headache/etiology ; Headache/physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myalgia/epidemiology ; Myalgia/etiology ; Olfaction Disorders/epidemiology ; Olfaction Disorders/etiology ; Olfaction Disorders/physiopathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Sleep Wake Disorders/epidemiology ; Sleep Wake Disorders/etiology ; Tunisia/epidemiology ; Young Adult
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-17
    Publishing country Italy
    Document type Journal Article ; Observational Study
    ZDB-ID 2016546-8
    ISSN 1590-3478 ; 1590-1874
    ISSN (online) 1590-3478
    ISSN 1590-1874
    DOI 10.1007/s10072-020-04866-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Olfactory Dysfunction and Sinonasal Symptomatology in COVID-19: Prevalence, Severity, Timing, and Associated Characteristics.

    Speth, Marlene M / Singer-Cornelius, Thirza / Oberle, Michael / Gengler, Isabelle / Brockmeier, Steffi J / Sedaghat, Ahmad R

    Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery

    2020  Volume 163, Issue 1, Page(s) 114–120

    Abstract: ... often in conjunction with loss of taste. OD is associated negatively with older age and positively ... We sought to better determine prevalence, severity, and timing of OD in COVID-19 relative to other sinonasal ... experienced (ρ = 0.87, : Conclusions: OD is highly prevalent during COVID-19, occurring early and severely ...

    Abstract Objective: Olfactory dysfunction (OD)-hyposmia or anosmia-is a symptom of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We sought to better determine prevalence, severity, and timing of OD in COVID-19 relative to other sinonasal and pulmonary symptoms.
    Study design: Prospective, cross-sectional.
    Setting: Regional/cantonal hospital.
    Subjects: In total, 103 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-based testing.
    Methods: All patients testing positive for COVID-19 at Kantonsspital Aarau over a 6-week period were approached. Timing and severity (at its worst, on scale of 0 [none], 1 [mild], 2 [moderate], and 3 [severe]) of OD, loss of taste, nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea/mucus production, fever, cough and shortness of breath (SOB) were assessed for each patient.
    Results: Prevalence of OD was 61.2%, and severity of OD was strongly correlated with severity of loss of taste experienced (ρ = 0.87,
    Conclusions: OD is highly prevalent during COVID-19, occurring early and severely, often in conjunction with loss of taste. OD is associated negatively with older age and positively with female sex. Patients with OD may also experience more severe SOB.
    MeSH term(s) Betacoronavirus/genetics ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/complications ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; DNA, Viral/analysis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Olfaction Disorders/diagnosis ; Olfaction Disorders/epidemiology ; Olfaction Disorders/etiology ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/complications ; Prevalence ; Prospective Studies ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Seveso Accidental Release ; Sinusitis/diagnosis ; Sinusitis/epidemiology ; Sinusitis/etiology ; Smell ; Switzerland/epidemiology ; Time Factors
    Chemical Substances DNA, Viral
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 392085-9
    ISSN 1097-6817 ; 0161-6439 ; 0194-5998
    ISSN (online) 1097-6817
    ISSN 0161-6439 ; 0194-5998
    DOI 10.1177/0194599820929185
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of 1420 European patients with mild-to-moderate coronavirus disease 2019.

    Lechien, Jerome R / Chiesa-Estomba, Carlos M / Place, Sammy / Van Laethem, Yves / Cabaraux, Pierre / Mat, Quentin / Huet, Kathy / Plzak, Jan / Horoi, Mihaela / Hans, Stéphane / Rosaria Barillari, Maria / Cammaroto, Giovanni / Fakhry, Nicolas / Martiny, Delphine / Ayad, Tareck / Jouffe, Lionel / Hopkins, Claire / Saussez, Sven

    Journal of internal medicine

    2020  Volume 288, Issue 3, Page(s) 335–344

    Abstract: ... Olfactory dysfunction seems to be an important underestimated symptom of mild-to-moderate COVID-19 ... to-moderate COVID-19 substantially varies according to the age and the sex characteristics of patients ... prevalent in female patients. The loss of smell was a key symptom of mild-to-moderate COVID-19 patients and ...

    Abstract Background: The clinical presentation of European patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 infection is still unknown.
    Objective: To study the clinical presentation of COVID-19 in Europe.
    Methods: Patients with positive diagnosis of COVID-19 were recruited from 18 European hospitals. Epidemiological and clinical data were obtained through a standardized questionnaire. Bayesian analysis was used for analysing the relationship between outcomes.
    Results: A total of 1,420 patients completed the study (962 females, 30.7% of healthcare workers). The mean age of patients was 39.17 ± 12.09 years. The most common symptoms were headache (70.3%), loss of smell (70.2%), nasal obstruction (67.8%), cough (63.2%), asthenia (63.3%), myalgia (62.5%), rhinorrhea (60.1%), gustatory dysfunction (54.2%) and sore throat (52.9%). Fever was reported by 45.4%. The mean duration of COVID-19 symptoms of mild-to-moderate cured patients was 11.5 ± 5.7 days. The prevalence of symptoms significantly varied according to age and sex. Young patients more frequently had ear, nose and throat complaints, whereas elderly individuals often presented fever, fatigue and loss of appetite. Loss of smell, headache, nasal obstruction and fatigue were more prevalent in female patients. The loss of smell was a key symptom of mild-to-moderate COVID-19 patients and was not associated with nasal obstruction and rhinorrhea. Loss of smell persisted at least 7 days after the disease in 37.5% of cured patients.
    Conclusion: The clinical presentation of mild-to-moderate COVID-19 substantially varies according to the age and the sex characteristics of patients. Olfactory dysfunction seems to be an important underestimated symptom of mild-to-moderate COVID-19 that needs to be recognized as such by the WHO.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Age Factors ; Bayes Theorem ; Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/complications ; Coronavirus Infections/diagnosis ; Coronavirus Infections/enzymology ; Europe ; Female ; Headache/epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myalgia/epidemiology ; Olfaction Disorders/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/complications ; Pneumonia, Viral/diagnosis ; Pneumonia, Viral/enzymology ; Prevalence ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Sex Factors ; Symptom Assessment ; Taste Disorders/epidemiology
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 96274-0
    ISSN 1365-2796 ; 0954-6820
    ISSN (online) 1365-2796
    ISSN 0954-6820
    DOI 10.1111/joim.13089
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  7. Article ; Online: Characteristics of 1573 healthcare workers who underwent nasopharyngeal swab testing for SARS-CoV-2 in Milan, Lombardy, Italy.

    Lombardi, A / Consonni, D / Carugno, M / Bozzi, G / Mangioni, D / Muscatello, A / Castelli, V / Palomba, E / Cantù, A P / Ceriotti, F / Tiso, B / Pesatori, A C / Riboldi, L / Bandera, A / Lunghi, G / Gori, A

    Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

    2020  Volume 26, Issue 10, Page(s) 1413.e9–1413.e13

    Abstract: ... of asymptomatic carriers and the symptoms most frequently associated with infection.: Methods: Occupational and ... were taste and smell alterations (odds ratio = 76.9) and fever (odds ratio = 9.12). The median time ... symptoms to guide diagnosis are taste and smell alterations and fever. A median of almost 4 weeks is ...

    Abstract Objectives: The management of healthcare workers (HCWs) exposed to confirmed cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still a matter of debate. We aimed to assess in this group the attack rate of asymptomatic carriers and the symptoms most frequently associated with infection.
    Methods: Occupational and clinical characteristics of HCWs who underwent nasopharyngeal swab testing for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in a university hospital from 24 February 2020 to 31 March 2020 were collected. For those who tested positive and for those who tested positive but who were asymptomatic, we checked the laboratory and clinical data as of 22 May to calculate the time necessary for HCWs to then test negative and to verify whether symptoms developed thereafter. Frequencies of positive tests were compared according to selected variables using multivariable logistic regression models.
    Results: There were 139 positive tests (8.8%) among 1573 HCWs (95% confidence interval, 7.5-10.3), with a marked difference between symptomatic (122/503, 24.2%) and asymptomatic (17/1070, 1.6%) workers (p < 0.001). Physicians were the group with the highest frequency of positive tests (61/582, 10.5%), whereas clerical workers and technicians had the lowest frequency (5/137, 3.6%). The likelihood of testing positive for COVID-19 increased with the number of reported symptoms; the strongest predictors of test positivity were taste and smell alterations (odds ratio = 76.9) and fever (odds ratio = 9.12). The median time from first positive test to a negative test was 27 days (95% confidence interval, 24-30).
    Conclusions: HCWs can be infected with SARS-CoV-2 without displaying any symptoms. Among symptomatic HCWs, the key symptoms to guide diagnosis are taste and smell alterations and fever. A median of almost 4 weeks is necessary before nasopharyngeal swab test results are negative.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Asymptomatic Diseases ; Betacoronavirus/genetics ; Betacoronavirus/pathogenicity ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 Testing ; Clinical Laboratory Techniques/methods ; Convalescence ; Coronavirus Infections/diagnosis ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/physiopathology ; Coronavirus Infections/transmission ; Female ; Fever/diagnosis ; Fever/epidemiology ; Fever/physiopathology ; Fever/virology ; Health Personnel ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional ; Italy/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharynx/virology ; Olfaction Disorders/diagnosis ; Olfaction Disorders/epidemiology ; Olfaction Disorders/physiopathology ; Olfaction Disorders/virology ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/diagnosis ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/physiopathology ; Pneumonia, Viral/transmission ; Prognosis ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; SARS-CoV-2
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1328418-6
    ISSN 1469-0691 ; 1470-9465 ; 1198-743X
    ISSN (online) 1469-0691
    ISSN 1470-9465 ; 1198-743X
    DOI 10.1016/j.cmi.2020.06.013
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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