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Article ; Online: Cutaneous Manifestations in Four Patients with COVID-19.

Gorgulho, Ana / Andrade, Maria Margarida / Antunes, Ana Paula / Nabais, Inês / Taborda, Filipa / Dias Ramos, Marta / Grilo, Ana Maria

European journal of case reports in internal medicine

2020 Volume 7, Issue 12, Page(s) 2029

Abstract: ... started to emerge. We describe several patients with COVID-19 who presented with skin changes. We noted ... may be useful.: Learning points: Cutaneous manifestations can occur as part of COVID-19, so clinicians ... such manifestations in four out of 110 patients (3.63%) and describe the clinical situation of each of these patients ...

Abstract	As the numbers of SARS-CoV-2 infections increased globally, reports of cutaneous manifestations started to emerge. We describe several patients with COVID-19 who presented with skin changes. We noted such manifestations in four out of 110 patients (3.63%) and describe the clinical situation of each of these patients. Each patient had either a maculopapular or a urticariform rash. These manifestations have a broad differential diagnosis and it was difficult to exclude drug reactions. We hope to raise awareness of this possible manifestation of COVID-19 in order to raise suspicion of this diagnosis among clinicians when they encounter patients with fever and rash. Larger series that also include patients with mild disease and skin biopsies may be useful. Learning points: Cutaneous manifestations can occur as part of COVID-19, so clinicians should be suspicious of this diagnosis in patients with fever and rash.The differential diagnosis is large and drug reactions are difficult to rule out.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-05
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2284-2594
ISSN (online)	2284-2594
DOI	10.12890/2020_002029
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Retrospective View of Four Cases of Cutaneous Manifestations in COVID-19 Patients in an Acute Care Setting.

De Carvalho, Magali Rezende / Thomas, Elmira / Shields-Johnson, Barbara / Da Silva, Ivan

Cureus

2022 Volume 14, Issue 3, Page(s) e23003

Abstract: ... in the lungs, kidney, and skin. Four patients with COVID-19 admitted to an acute care community hospital ... hyperinflammation status and microthrombosis may be responsible for the cutaneous manifestations in patients ... with SARS-CoV-2. These cutaneous manifestations observed in patients with SARS-CoV-2 may be related ...

Abstract	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is the etiologic agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), causes an excessive inflammatory response and hemostatic abnormalities in the lungs, kidney, and skin. Four patients with COVID-19 admitted to an acute care community hospital developed nonblanchable purpuric macules, patches, and retiform purpura-like lesions at the sacrum, buttocks, lower extremities, and upper back. These lesions can be misdiagnosed as deep tissue pressure injuries. One patient also developed a vesicular-like rash at the upper back and another one developed pernio (chilblains)-like lesions to the third toe of the left foot. Previous studies suggest that the vascular hyperinflammation status and microthrombosis may be responsible for the cutaneous manifestations in patients with SARS-CoV-2. These cutaneous manifestations observed in patients with SARS-CoV-2 may be related to progression of the disease.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.23003
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Article ; Online: Cutaneous Manifestations in Four Patients with COVID-19

Ana Gorgulho / Maria Margarida Andrade / Ana Paula Antunes / Inês Nabais / Filipa Taborda / Marta Dias Ramos / Ana Maria Grilo

European Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine (2020)

2020

Abstract: ... started to emerge. We describe several patients with COVID-19 who presented with skin changes. We noted ... such manifestations in four out of 110 patients (3.63%) and describe the clinical situation of each of these patients ... manifestation of COVID-19 in order to raise suspicion of this diagnosis among clinicians when they encounter ...

Abstract	As the numbers of SARS-CoV-2 infections increased globally, reports of cutaneous manifestations started to emerge. We describe several patients with COVID-19 who presented with skin changes. We noted such manifestations in four out of 110 patients (3.63%) and describe the clinical situation of each of these patients. Each patient had either a maculopapular or a urticariform rash. These manifestations have a broad differential diagnosis and it was difficult to exclude drug reactions. We hope to raise awareness of this possible manifestation of COVID-19 in order to raise suspicion of this diagnosis among clinicians when they encounter patients with fever and rash. Larger series that also include patients with mild disease and skin biopsies may be useful.
Keywords	covid-19 ; sars-cov-2 ; dermatology ; skin ; rash ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	SMC MEDIA SRL
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Cutaneous Manifestations in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infections.

Petrakis, Vasilios / Panagopoulos, Periklis / Terzi, Irene / Papazoglou, Dimitrios

Acta dermatovenerologica Croatica : ADC

2023 Volume 30, Issue 4, Page(s) 216–219

Abstract: ... many extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19 have also been observed. Cutaneous manifestations including ... disappeared on its own. Several cases of cutaneous manifestations have been reported in patients with SARS-CoV ... patients, two men and four women, in the age group of 50 to 60 years old, hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 ...

Abstract	While SARS-CoV-2 is known to cause pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), many extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19 have also been observed. Cutaneous manifestations including erythematous rash, urticaria, and chickenpox-like vesicles have been described in patients with SARS-CoV-2. Six patients, two men and four women, in the age group of 50 to 60 years old, hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed with real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) presented cutaneous manifestations. The rash was confluent, spotty, centrifugal, and non-itchy on the head and torso. It was not hemorrhagic, and no crust or blisters were observed. The results of laboratory tests were normal, and the rash disappeared on its own. Several cases of cutaneous manifestations have been reported in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Further studies are needed in order to assess the skin lesions and determine their association with COVID-19.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Female ; Middle Aged ; COVID-19/complications ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Skin Diseases/complications ; Exanthema/complications ; Urticaria ; Blister
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-08
Publishing country	Croatia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1180727-1
ISSN	1847-6538 ; 1330-027X
ISSN (online)	1847-6538
ISSN	1330-027X
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Article ; Online: Paucity of cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 among inpatients at a referral hospital in India.

Sardana, Kabir / Sinha, Surabhi / Yadav, Amlendu / Deepak, Desh / Panesar, Sanjeet / Mathachan, Sinu Rose

JAAD international

2022 Volume 8, Page(s) 10–15

Abstract: ... patients (1.76%) had cutaneous findings associated with COVID-19.: Conclusion: Cutaneous findings ... Results: Two hundred seventy patients with moderate COVID-19 were admitted to COVID-19 wards, whereas 170 ... Background: Varied cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 have been described, but most studies are ...

Abstract	Background: Varied cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 have been described, but most studies are based on photographic or application-based observations, without a direct observed-based evaluation by dermatologists. Objective: To study the types of cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 among confirmed inpatients admitted to COVID-19 wards and intensive care units (ICUs). Methods: This cross-sectional analysis was conducted at a referral hospital in Delhi, India. Four hundred forty consecutive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-confirmed cases diagnosed with moderate or severe COVID-19 and admitted to COVID-19 wards or ICUs, respectively, were included. A cutaneous finding was considered to be associated with COVID-19 if it had been described earlier as a consequence of COVID-19 and was observed at the time of or within the first 48 hours of admission (after excluding drugs and comorbidities as causes). Results: Two hundred seventy patients with moderate COVID-19 were admitted to COVID-19 wards, whereas 170 with severe disease were admitted to ICUs. Only 7 of the 270 ward patients (2.59%) and 3 of the 170 ICU patients (1.76%) had cutaneous findings associated with COVID-19. Conclusion: Cutaneous findings attributable to COVID-19 are infrequent, and we believe that these might have been overestimated or overemphasized in earlier studies. Although coagulopathic findings may be associated with severe COVID-19, causation cannot be established in this cross-sectional study.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2666-3287
ISSN (online)	2666-3287
DOI	10.1016/j.jdin.2022.01.001
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Article ; Online: Secondary Cutaneous Mucormycosis Post-COVID-19: Case Series from a Tertiary Center.

Abhirami, B / Kumar, Prabhat / Mishra, Dharmendra Kumar / Yadav, Satyendra Prasad

Indian journal of dermatology

2022 Volume 67, Issue 2, Page(s) 206

Abstract: ... Clinical and investigation details of six patients admitted in tertiary center with post-COVID-19 cutaneous ... to post-COVID-19 mucormycosis. However, for post-COVID-19 cutaneous mucormycosis, sufficient data is not ... available.: Aim: To study factors related to post-COVID-19 cutaneous mucormycosis.: Methodology ...

Abstract	Background: Mucormycosis is an angioinvasive mucorales fungal infection. Cutaneous type formed 10.5% of cases in India in precovid-19 era. Glucocorticoid-induced immunosuppression and hyperglycemia, reusable oxygen humidifiers in COVID-19 therapy, and preexisting uncontrolled diabetes mellitus contribute to post-COVID-19 mucormycosis. However, for post-COVID-19 cutaneous mucormycosis, sufficient data is not available. Aim: To study factors related to post-COVID-19 cutaneous mucormycosis. Methodology: Clinical and investigation details of six patients admitted in tertiary center with post-COVID-19 cutaneous mucormycosis. Results: Among six patients, three were males and three females; all in 45-60 years age group from districts under tertiary center. Site of eschar was face (four) and lips (two). All six were positive for COVID-19 10-12 days prior to admission for mucormycosis. All had intravenous steroids and supportive humidified oxygen therapy for minimum 1 week under COVID-19 treatment. They presented to emergency with ophthalmic/ENT complaints; subsequently, they developed cutaneous manifestations within 2-3 days. All six had diabetes mellitus, with above 400 mg/dL sugar levels at admission. Conclusion: This study's findings correlated with various studies across the country and elsewhere. Preexisting diabetes mellitus and steroid therapy for COVID-19 increase the risk of mucormycosis. Caution for early diagnosis, maintaining blood glucose levels, and judicious use of steroids for treatment of COVID-19 are indicated.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-06
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	416069-1
ISSN	1998-3611 ; 0019-5154
ISSN (online)	1998-3611
ISSN	0019-5154
DOI	10.4103/ijd.ijd_781_21
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Article: Cutaneous Eruptions in the Course of COVID-19 Among Geriatric Patients in a Nursing Home in Poland.

Rybak-d'Obyrn, Joanna / Placek, Waldemar / Owczarczyk-Saczonek, Agnieszka / Derkaczew, Maria / Joniec, Ewelina / Hofman, Robert / Stompór, Małgorzata

Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology

2022 Volume 15, Page(s) 2117–2127

Abstract: ... among elderly patients with chronic diseases. The recognition of skin lesions due to COVID-19 might improve ... cutaneous manifestations among geriatric patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus.: Patients and ... COVID-19 onset and cutaneous manifestation was 22 days. Skin lesions persisted in five cases 112, 17, 21 ...

Abstract	Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the incidence and characteristics of COVID-19 cutaneous manifestations among geriatric patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Patients and methods: Sixty-four nursing home residents in Dobre Miasto, Poland (mean age: 79 years) infected with SARS-CoV-2 were monitored for skin lesions during the epidemic outbreak in 2020. Only five of them presented COVID-19 dermatological manifestation: vesicular (4 cases) and erythematous (1 case) skin lesions, which appeared after the remaining symptoms of the disease had resolved. Results: The average time between COVID-19 onset and cutaneous manifestation was 22 days. Skin lesions persisted in five cases 112, 17, 21,19 and 27 days, respectively, and were often accompanied by pruritus and neuropathic pain. Conclusion: Skin manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection might be misdiagnosed or overlooked, particularly among elderly patients with chronic diseases. The recognition of skin lesions due to COVID-19 might improve patients' quality of life by reducing the intensity of symptoms such as pruritus or neuropathic pain.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-04
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2494852-4
ISSN	1178-7015
ISSN	1178-7015
DOI	10.2147/CCID.S371630
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Article: Clinicopathological Features of Cutaneous Findings of SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Cobanoglu, Bengu / Cebeci, Filiz / Simsek, Mustafa / Ozkanli, Seyma

Medeniyet medical journal

2022 Volume 37, Issue 3, Page(s) 270–276

Abstract: ... male, and four pediatric patients with COVID-19. Urticaria/urticarial vasculitis (n=7), maculopapular ... biopsy specimens of 19 patients with skin rashes associated with COVID-19 were evaluated ... COVID-19 cases with cutaneous findings and discuss them in light of the literature.: Methods: Skin ...

Abstract	Objective: In December 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, which emerged in Wuhan, China, spread rapidly and created a pandemic. Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) can affect different organ systems, including the skin. Recently, COVID-19 cases with skin lesions of different clinicopathological features have been published. This study aimed to present the histopathological features of 19 COVID-19 cases with cutaneous findings and discuss them in light of the literature. Methods: Skin biopsy specimens of 19 patients with skin rashes associated with COVID-19 were evaluated histopathologically and clinically. Results: Clinical manifestations of rashes developed in eight female, seven male, and four pediatric patients with COVID-19. Urticaria/urticarial vasculitis (n=7), maculopapular eruption (n=7), panniculitis (n=2), purpuric eruptions (n=2), and livedoid-like lesions were noted. Histopathologically, besides the inflammatory findings, the most striking feature was that the vessels were more or less affected in almost all cases. Conclusions: Cutaneous lesions associated with COVID-19 are increasingly being reported. We believe that every data presented about this disease, which has many unknowns, will shed light on future research. Every case can lead us a new way.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-21
Publishing country	Turkey
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3035195-9
ISSN	2149-4606 ; 2149-2042
ISSN (online)	2149-4606
ISSN	2149-2042
DOI	10.4274/MMJ.galenos.2022.05046
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Article: The Cutaneous Manifestations of COVID-19: A Review of Emerging Literature.

Enitan, A O / Olasode, O A

West African journal of medicine

2020 Volume 37, Issue 5, Page(s) 569–573

Abstract: ... by the frontline health care givers involved in the management of patients with Covid-19. Maculopapular exanthem ... 19. Dermatologists must bear in mind that patients presenting at skin clinics may actually be ... The initial clinical manifestations of COVID 19 in Wuhan was fever, cough and shortness of breath ...

Abstract	The initial clinical manifestations of COVID 19 in Wuhan was fever, cough and shortness of breath but early reports in Italy and Spain preceded emerging literature of skin involvement. COVID19 was first reported in December, 2019 and after several observations of cutaneous involvement in patients with the disease there was need to document such in literature. The details of the clinical presentation and the pathophysiological mechanisms of these cutaneous lesions are, however, still poorly understood. This is a review of twenty-four published scientific articles summarizing the various cutaneous features observed by the frontline health care givers involved in the management of patients with Covid-19. Maculopapular exanthem was the most common pattern reported, accounting for 44.4% of skin manifestations. The pseudo-chilblain, urticarial, vesicular, livedoid and Kawasaki-like disease patterns accounted for 18.1%, 17.6%, 12.9%, 5.1% and 1.9% respectively. Anumber of the patients (9.5%) developed skin lesions at the time of diagnosis of Covid-19 or at the onset of Covid-19 respiratory symptoms while 75.1% developed the lesions after the onset of Covid-19 respiratory symptoms or after laboratory diagnosis of the disease had been made. There is no gainsaying that apart from the respiratory and other reported systems, Covid-19 also affects the skin. Clinicians, especially dermatologists, should therefore watch out for the already reported skin lesions and for possible yet to be discovered or reported skin lesions in patients with Covid-19. Dermatologists must bear in mind that patients presenting at skin clinics may actually be infected with Covid-19.
MeSH term(s)	Betacoronavirus/isolation & purification ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 Testing ; Clinical Laboratory Techniques ; Coronavirus Infections/complications ; Coronavirus Infections/diagnosis ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/complications ; Pneumonia, Viral/diagnosis ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Skin/pathology ; Skin Diseases/diagnosis ; Skin Diseases/epidemiology ; Skin Diseases/etiology
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-15
Publishing country	Nigeria
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1132088-6
ISSN	0189-160X
ISSN	0189-160X
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Zs.A 3527: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 in Mexican patients

Juan Carlos Palomo-Pérez / Maria Elisa Vega-Memije / David Aguilar-Blancas / Erik González-Martínez / Lucia Rangel-Gamboa

SAGE Open Medical Case Reports, Vol

A case series and review of literature

2021 Volume 9

Abstract: ... in COVID-19 Mexican patients. We register cutaneous lesions in COVID-19 patients referred ... the signs and symptoms of COVID-19. Thus, this work’s objectives were to present cases of cutaneous lesions observed ... the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 as a pandemic that is produced by a new coronavirus, named SARS-CoV-2, of rapid ...

Abstract	China officially recognized atypical pneumonia outbreak in December 2019; on 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 as a pandemic that is produced by a new coronavirus, named SARS-CoV-2, of rapid transmissibility, which can be asymptomatic, with mild to severe respiratory symptoms, and with cardiovascular, neurological, gastrointestinal, and cutaneous complications. Considering that the pandemic prolonged more than initially expected was prognostic, it is essential for the medical community to identify the signs and symptoms of COVID-19. Thus, this work’s objectives were to present cases of cutaneous lesions observed in COVID-19 Mexican patients. We register cutaneous lesions in COVID-19 patients referred from internal medicine and otorhinolaryngology services to dermatology. We presented four interesting cases with cutaneous lesions, including exanthema morbilliform, urticaria, chilblains, ecchymosis, and facial edema, and review the available literature. The most frequent cutaneous markers are rash, chilblains, and urticaria. Skin lesions may be the first manifestation of COVID-19, accompany initial respiratory symptoms, or appear during the disease course. Symptoms associated with vascular changes (livedo reticularis and vasculitis) are considered of poor prognosis.
Keywords	Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	SAGE Publishing
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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