Article ; Online: Increase in Frailty in Nursing Home Survivors of Coronavirus Disease 2019: Comparison With Noninfected Residents.
Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
2021 Volume 22, Issue 5, Page(s) 943–947.e3
Abstract: ... which may make them more vulnerable to the negative consequences of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19 ... in nursing home residents.: Design: Nested case-control study.: Setting and participants: The study included ... nursing home residents who were infected with COVID-19 (case group, n = 76), matched by age to a control group ...
| Abstract | Objectives: Institutionalized older adults have a high prevalence of frailty and disability, which may make them more vulnerable to the negative consequences of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We investigated the impact of COVID-19 on the level of frailty, physical, and cognitive performance in nursing home residents. Design: Nested case-control study. Setting and participants: The study included nursing home residents who were infected with COVID-19 (case group, n = 76), matched by age to a control group (n = 76). Methods: Participants' sociodemographic and medical data were collected, and they were also assessed for physical function (handgrip and walking speed), cognitive performance (Mini-Mental State Examination) and frailty (Frail-NH scale) before the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (October to December 2019, pre-COVID-19) and after (June to July 2020, post-COVID-19). COVID-19 symptoms and clinical course were recorded for the cases. Results: Between the pre- and post-COVID-19 assessments, we found a 19% greater deterioration in handgrip, a 22% greater decrease in walking speed, and a 21% greater increase in Frail-NH scores in cases compared with controls. In both cases and controls, on the other hand, there was a significant 10% decrease in Mini-Mental State Examination scores over the study period. Multivariable logistic regression showed that COVID-19 survivors had a 4-fold increased chance of developing frailty compared with controls (odds ratio 4.95, 95% confidence interval 1.13-21.6, P = .03), but not cognitive decline. Conclusions and implications: COVID-19 can accelerate the aging process of institutionalized older adults in terms of physical performance and frailty by around 20%. However, we found similar levels of decline in cognitive performance in both cases and controls, likely because of the burden of social isolation and containment measures on neuropsychological health. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Aged ; COVID-19 ; Case-Control Studies ; Frail Elderly ; Frailty/diagnosis ; Frailty/epidemiology ; Geriatric Assessment ; Hand Strength ; Humans ; Nursing Homes ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Survivors | |||||
| Language | English | |||||
| Publishing date | 2021-02-22 | |||||
| Publishing country | United States | |||||
| Document type | Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | |||||
| ZDB-ID | 2171030-2 | |||||
| ISSN | 1538-9375 ; 1525-8610 | |||||
| ISSN (online) | 1538-9375 | |||||
| ISSN | 1525-8610 | |||||
| DOI | 10.1016/j.jamda.2021.02.019 | |||||
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| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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