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  1. Article: Embryonic renal epithelia: induction, nephrogenesis, and cell differentiation.

    Horster, M F / Braun, G S / Huber, S M

    Physiological reviews

    1999  Volume 79, Issue 4, Page(s) 1157–1191

    Abstract: ... a coherent picture of principles and mechanisms in embryonic renal epithelia. ... by which epithelial cell polarization is initiated, and they continue to differentiate into the highly specialized ... model system for organogenesis. Nephrogenesis implies a highly controlled series of morphogenetic and ...

    Abstract Embryonic metanephroi, differentiating into the adult kidney, have come to be a generally accepted model system for organogenesis. Nephrogenesis implies a highly controlled series of morphogenetic and differentiation events that starts with reciprocal inductive interactions between two different primordial tissues and leads, in one of two mainstream processes, to the formation of mesenchymal condensations and aggregates. These go through the intricate process of mesenchyme-to-epithelium transition by which epithelial cell polarization is initiated, and they continue to differentiate into the highly specialized epithelial cell populations of the nephron. Each step along the developmental metanephrogenic pathway is initiated and organized by signaling molecules that are locally secreted polypeptides encoded by different gene families and regulated by transcription factors. Nephrogenesis proceeds from the deep to the outer cortex, and it is directed by a second, entirely different developmental process, the ductal branching of the ureteric bud-derived collecting tubule. Both systems, the nephrogenic (mesenchymal) and the ductogenic (ureteric), undergo a repeat series of inductive signaling that serves to organize the architecture and differentiated cell functions in a cascade of developmental gene programs. The aim of this review is to present a coherent picture of principles and mechanisms in embryonic renal epithelia.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Polarity ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Humans ; Kidney/cytology ; Kidney/embryology ; Mesoderm/cytology ; Mesoderm/physiology ; Morphogenesis ; Urothelium/cytology ; Urothelium/embryology
    Language English
    Publishing date 1999-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 209902-0
    ISSN 1522-1210 ; 0031-9333
    ISSN (online) 1522-1210
    ISSN 0031-9333
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Cells differentiated from mouse embryonic stem cells via embryoid bodies express renal marker molecules.

    Kramer, Jan / Steinhoff, Jürgen / Klinger, Matthias / Fricke, Lutz / Rohwedel, Jürgen

    Differentiation; research in biological diversity

    2006  Volume 74, Issue 2-3, Page(s) 91–104

    Abstract: ... enhance ES cell-derived renal differentiation in vitro. ... Differentiation of mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells via embryoid bodies (EB) is established ... we detected cells expressing podocin, nephrin and wt-1, characteristic for differentiated podocytes and ...

    Abstract Differentiation of mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells via embryoid bodies (EB) is established as a suitable model to study cellular processes of development in vitro. ES cells are known to be pluripotent because of their capability to differentiate into cell types of all three germ layers including germ cells. Here, we show that ES cells differentiate into renal cell types in vitro. We found that genes were expressed during EB cultivation, which have been previously described to be involved in renal development. Marker molecules characteristic for terminally differentiated renal cell types were found to be expressed predominantly during late stages of EB cultivation, while marker molecules involved in the initiation of nephrogenesis were already expressed during early steps of EB development. On the cellular level--using immunostaining--we detected cells expressing podocin, nephrin and wt-1, characteristic for differentiated podocytes and other cells, which expressed Tamm-Horsfall protein, a marker for distal tubule epithelial cells of kidney tissue. Furthermore, the proximal tubule marker molecules renal-specific oxido reductase, kidney androgen-related protein and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3alpha-hydroxylase were found to be expressed in EBs. In particular, we could demonstrate that cells expressing podocyte marker molecules assemble to distinct ring-like structures within the EBs. Because the differentiation efficiency into these cell types is still relatively low, application of fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2 in combination with leukaemia inhibitory factor was tested for induction, but did not enhance ES cell-derived renal differentiation in vitro.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Biomarkers/analysis ; Biomarkers/metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Line ; Embryo, Mammalian/cytology ; Gene Expression ; Immunohistochemistry ; Kidney/cytology ; Kidney/embryology ; Kidney/metabolism ; Kidney Tubules/cytology ; Kidney Tubules/metabolism ; Kidney Tubules/ultrastructure ; Mice ; Podocytes/cytology ; Podocytes/metabolism ; Podocytes/ultrastructure ; Stem Cells/cytology ; Stem Cells/metabolism ; Stem Cells/ultrastructure
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2006-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 184540-8
    ISSN 1432-0436 ; 0301-4681
    ISSN (online) 1432-0436
    ISSN 0301-4681
    DOI 10.1111/j.1432-0436.2006.00062.x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: PCDAmp1, a new antigen at the interface of the embryonic collecting duct epithelium and the nephrogenic mesenchyme.

    Strehl, R / Kloth, S / Aigner, J / Steiner, P / Minuth, W W

    Kidney international

    1997  Volume 52, Issue 6, Page(s) 1469–1477

    Abstract: ... collecting duct epithelia and perfusion culture. The antigen was present in specimens treated with Iscove's ... In the maturing collecting duct of the neonatal kidney and in the adult renal collecting duct no ... collecting duct cell markers and from antibodies against known basement membrane compounds such as laminin or ...

    Abstract In the neonatal rabbit kidney nephrogenesis is not yet terminated. The ampullar collecting duct epithelium acts as an inducer that generates the nephron anlagen, however, to date the morphogenic mechanisms involved are unknown. A presupposition for successful nephron induction is the close tissue interaction between the basal aspect of the ampullar collecting duct epithelium and the surrounding mesenchyme. To gain new insights in this area we raised monoclonal antibodies (mabs), to identify specific structures localized at the tissue interface. With the generated mab CDAmp1 we found an intensive immunohistochemical reaction between the basal aspect of the ampullar collecting duct epithelium and the mesenchyme. The label was most concentrated at the ampullar tip and continuously decreased in the shaft region. In the maturing collecting duct of the neonatal kidney and in the adult renal collecting duct no immunohistochemical reaction was found. The binding pattern of mab CDAmp1 is different from that of all known collecting duct cell markers and from antibodies against known basement membrane compounds such as laminin or collagen type IV. Under in vitro conditions immunoreactivity with mab CDAmp1 was obtained using embryonic collecting duct epithelia and perfusion culture. The antigen was present in specimens treated with Iscove's modified Dulbecco's Medium (IMDM) containing 10% fetal bovine serum. Omittance of serum or hormonal treatment with aldosterone, insulin or vitamin D3 led to the disappearance of the newly detected antigen, while characteristics of the differentiated collecting duct cells were up-regulated. We conclude that the expression of PCDAmp1 is a characteristic feature of the embryonic parts of the collecting duct epithelium. It may play a pivotal role during nephron induction.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antigens, Surface/analysis ; Antigens, Surface/immunology ; Blood Proteins ; Blotting, Western ; Cells, Cultured ; Diffusion Chambers, Culture ; Embryonic Induction/physiology ; Epithelium/chemistry ; Epithelium/ultrastructure ; Fetal Blood ; Immunohistochemistry ; Kidney Cortex/chemistry ; Kidney Cortex/cytology ; Kidney Cortex/embryology ; Kidney Tubules, Collecting/chemistry ; Kidney Tubules, Collecting/cytology ; Kidney Tubules, Collecting/embryology ; Mesoderm/chemistry ; Mesoderm/ultrastructure ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Rabbits
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antigens, Surface ; Blood Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 1997-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 120573-0
    ISSN 1523-1755 ; 0085-2538
    ISSN (online) 1523-1755
    ISSN 0085-2538
    DOI 10.1038/ki.1997.477
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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