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Article ; Online: Ophthalmic and Neuro-ophthalmic Manifestations of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Ortiz-Seller, Amparo / Martínez Costa, Lucía / Hernández-Pons, Antonio / Valls Pascual, Elia / Solves Alemany, Alicia / Albert-Fort, Mara

Ocular immunology and inflammation

2020 Volume 28, Issue 8, Page(s) 1285–1289

Abstract: ... associated with COVID-19.: Methods: Observational case report.: Results: A 51-year-old woman developed ...

Abstract	Purpose: To describe a case of inflammatory chorioretinopathy and Adie's syndrome possibly associated with COVID-19. Methods: Observational case report. Results: A 51-year-old woman developed fever, cough, and headache followed by retro-ocular pain and reading impairment. She tested positive for SARS-COV-2 infection by qualitative real-time reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction. The slit-lamp and funduscopic exam revealed abnormal pupillary response and yellowish creamy deep chorioretinal lesions, which were not present in previous examinations. Instillation of pilocarpine demonstrated denervation supersensitivity, and it was suggestive of bilateral Adie tonic pupil. A comprehensive work-up ruled out other systemic, autoimmune, or infectious diseases. Conclusions: This case illustrates the possible association between multifocal chorioretinitis and Adie's syndrome, and the SARS-COV-2 infection in humans. Further investigation of virus infectivity specifically within ocular tissues has to be conducted.
MeSH term(s)	Adie Syndrome/diagnosis ; Adie Syndrome/etiology ; Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/complications ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Female ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Fundus Oculi ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/complications ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Visual Acuity
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article ; Observational Study
ZDB-ID	1193873-0
ISSN	1744-5078 ; 0927-3948
ISSN (online)	1744-5078
ISSN	0927-3948
DOI	10.1080/09273948.2020.1817497
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Article: Ophthalmic Manifestations Of Coronavirus (COVID-19)

Hu, Katherine / Patel, Jay / Patel, Bhupendra C.

StatPearls

Abstract: Since December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic caused ... attempted to collect the most up-to-date information on ophthalmic manifestations of COVID-19 as a resource ... several reports of eye redness and irritation in COVID-19 patients, both anecdotal and published, suggesting ...

Abstract	Since December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic caused by the highly transmissible severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) [1] There have been several reports of eye redness and irritation in COVID-19 patients, both anecdotal and published, suggesting that conjunctivitis may be an ocular manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 infection A study conducted during the 2003 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) outbreak detected SARS-CoV in tear samples in SARS patients in Singapore [2] Lack of eye protection was a primary risk factor of SARS-CoV transmission from SARS patients to healthcare workers in Toronto, prompting a concern that respiratory illness could be transmitted through ocular secretions [3][[4] Similar concerns have been raised with SARS-CoV-2, especially among eye care providers and those on the front lines triaging what could be initial symptoms of COVID-19 As conjunctivitis is a common eye condition, ophthalmologists may be the first medical professionals to evaluate a patient with COVID-19 Indeed, one of the first providers to voice concerns regarding the spread of Coronavirus in Chinese patients was Li Wenliang, MD, an ophthalmologist He later died from COVID-19 and was believed to have contracted the virus from an asymptomatic glaucoma patient in his clinic The authors of this article have attempted to collect the most up-to-date information on ophthalmic manifestations of COVID-19 as a resource for identifying symptoms, providing diagnostic pearls, and mitigating transmission
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #94987
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Ophthalmic and Neuro-ophthalmic Manifestations of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Ortiz-Seller, Amparo / Martínez Costa, Lucía / Hernández-Pons, Antonio / Valls Pascual, Elia / Solves Alemany, Alicia / Albert-Fort, Mara

Ocular Immunology and Inflammation

2020 , Page(s) 1–5

Keywords	Immunology and Allergy ; Ophthalmology ; covid19
Language	English
Publisher	Informa UK Limited
Publishing country	uk
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	1193873-0
ISSN	1744-5078 ; 0927-3948
ISSN (online)	1744-5078
ISSN	0927-3948
DOI	10.1080/09273948.2020.1817497
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Article: Ophthalmic and Neuro-ophthalmic Manifestations of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Ortiz-Seller, Amparo / Martínez Costa, Lucía / Hernández-Pons, Antonio / Valls Pascual, Elia / Solves Alemany, Alicia / Albert-Fort, Mara

Ocul Immunol Inflamm

Abstract: ... associated with COVID-19. METHODS: Observational case report. RESULTS: A 51-year-old woman developed fever ...

Abstract	PURPOSE: To describe a case of inflammatory chorioretinopathy and Adie's syndrome possibly associated with COVID-19. METHODS: Observational case report. RESULTS: A 51-year-old woman developed fever, cough, and headache followed by retro-ocular pain and reading impairment. She tested positive for SARS-COV-2 infection by qualitative real-time reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction. The slit-lamp and funduscopic exam revealed abnormal pupillary response and yellowish creamy deep chorioretinal lesions, which were not present in previous examinations. Instillation of pilocarpine demonstrated denervation supersensitivity, and it was suggestive of bilateral Adie tonic pupil. A comprehensive work-up ruled out other systemic, autoimmune, or infectious diseases. CONCLUSIONS: This case illustrates the possible association between multifocal chorioretinitis and Adie's syndrome, and the SARS-COV-2 infection in humans. Further investigation of virus infectivity specifically within ocular tissues has to be conducted.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #817305
Database	COVID19

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Article: COVID-19 and Its Ophthalmic Manifestations: A Literature Review.

Patel, Neal T / Martinek, Alexander / Shaikh, Raheel / Kahar, Payal / Khanna, Deepesh

Cureus

2024 Volume 16, Issue 3, Page(s) e55571

Abstract: ... ocular manifestations that have occurred in some COVID-19-positive patients, along with the route ... association of COVID-19-positive patients presenting with ocular symptoms. As an increasing number of patients ... Some patients may present with ocular symptoms as the first indication of COVID-19 infection; quickly isolating ...

Abstract	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus discovered in late 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. The virus has now developed into a full-scale global pandemic affecting hundreds of millions of people to date. A majority of cases present with nonspecific acute upper respiratory symptoms. A wide range of systemic symptoms has been reported, with some patients presenting with nonspecific extrapulmonary symptoms. Recently, there has been an increased association of COVID-19-positive patients presenting with ocular symptoms. As an increasing number of patients present with ophthalmic manifestations, recognizing these visual symptoms is of utmost importance. Some patients may present with ocular symptoms as the first indication of COVID-19 infection; quickly isolating and starting treatment can aid in stopping the spread of this novel coronavirus. This review will describe the current epidemiology and pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2, emphasizing the ophthalmic manifestations and their clinical course progression. Further, we will be reporting on the growing number of rare ocular manifestations that have occurred in some COVID-19-positive patients, along with the route of transmission, specific manifestations, and the treatment methods for both these pulmonary and extrapulmonary symptoms, specifically the ocular manifestations.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.55571
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Human coronaviruses: ophthalmic manifestations.

Abdul-Kadir, Mohd-Asyraaf / Lim, Lik Thai

BMJ open ophthalmology

2020 Volume 5, Issue 1, Page(s) e000630

Abstract: ... among clinicians regarding ocular manifestations associated with COVID-19 and necessary precautions should be ... 19 and other human coronaviruses, its human manifestations in comparison to animal studies and ... Conjunctival inflammation remains uncommon in association with COVID-19, with other ophthalmic findings ...

Abstract	The 2019 novel coronavirus which causes severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) known as SARS-CoV-2 still remains as a global pandemic since its discovery and continues to spread across the world, given how highly contagious the virus is. We reviewed various articles that explore eye involvement in COVID-19 and other human coronaviruses, its human manifestations in comparison to animal studies and potential mechanism of viral entry into the eye surface. Evidence of animal studies depicted various complications of coronaviruses infection into the eyes, in both anterior and posterior segments of the eye. Conjunctival inflammation remains uncommon in association with COVID-19, with other ophthalmic findings. The risk of transmission via the ocular surface remains likely low, though it is inarguably present based on preliminary finding of viral load in ocular samples and expression of ACE2 on the ocular surface. Testing the tears sample for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 was unreliable due to limitations of the testing kits and conflicting evidence of the viral titre in the ocular samples. Further larger, more precise and specific studies are required to allow us to better understand the pattern of virulence underlying the associations of SARS-CoV-2 in the eye despite its rare occurrence. This review article aims to enhance better awareness among clinicians regarding ocular manifestations associated with COVID-19 and necessary precautions should be implemented to minimise the risk of person-to-person especially in the nosocomial setting.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2397-3269
ISSN (online)	2397-3269
DOI	10.1136/bmjophth-2020-000630
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Article ; Online: A review of neuro-ophthalmic sequelae following COVID-19 infection and vaccination.

Shi, Jane / Danesh-Meyer, Helen V

Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology

2024 Volume 14, Page(s) 1345683

Abstract: ... ophthalmic manifestations of both COVID-19 infection and vaccination.: Evidence acquisition: Electronic ... neuro-ophthalmic manifestations following COVID-19 infection and 20 articles with neuro-ophthalmic ... The incidence of neuro-ophthalmic consequences following infection with COVID-19 is hundred-folds higher and ...

Abstract	Background: It has become increasingly clear that the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can affect most organs in the human body, including the neurologic and ophthalmic systems. Vaccination campaigns have been developed at rapid pace around the world to protect the population from the fast-mutating virus. This review seeks to summarise current knowledge of the neuro-ophthalmic manifestations of both COVID-19 infection and vaccination. Evidence acquisition: Electronic searches for published literature were conducted using EMBASE and MEDLINE on the 30 Results: A total of 54 case reports and case series were selected for use in the final report. 34 articles documenting neuro-ophthalmic manifestations following COVID-19 infection and 20 articles with neuro-ophthalmic complications following COVID-19 vaccination were included, comprising of 79 patients in total. The most commonly occurring condition was optic neuritis, with 25 cases following COVID-19 infection and 27 cases following vaccination against COVID-19. Conclusions: The various COVID-19 vaccines that are currently available are part of the global effort to protect the most vulnerable of the human population. The incidence of neuro-ophthalmic consequences following infection with COVID-19 is hundred-folds higher and associated with more harrowing systemic effects than vaccination against the virus.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Face ; Vaccination ; Disease Progression
Chemical Substances	COVID-19 Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2619676-1
ISSN	2235-2988 ; 2235-2988
ISSN (online)	2235-2988
ISSN	2235-2988
DOI	10.3389/fcimb.2024.1345683
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Ophthalmic manifestations in patients recovered from COVID-19 in Mexico.

Hernández-Reyes, F J / Garza-Arreola, Á / Muñoz-Pérez, A / Martínez-Mier, G / Jiménez-López, L A / Bernal-Dolores, V / Reyes-Ruiz, J M

Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia

2023 Volume 98, Issue 5, Page(s) 259–264

Abstract: ... with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), there is not enough evidence. Hence, the aim of this study was ... manifestations was not associated with severe COVID-19 (p=0.665).: Conclusions: The ophthalmic manifestations ... and the median (interquartile range) time from the diagnosis of COVID-19, as defined by positive SARS ...

Abstract	Introduction and objectives: Although the ophthalmic manifestations appear to be associated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), there is not enough evidence. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine the various types and frequency of ophthalmic manifestations in patients recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection in Mexico. Material and methods: This retrospective, observational and descriptive study included all patients recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection attending the tertiary level hospital of Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS) from June 2020 to June 2022. During the hospital admission of patients, the demographic data such age, name, gender was recorded. Ophthalmologic examination was performed under torchlight by an ophthalmologist in the Department of Ophthalmology from IMSS. Data was compiled and statistically analyzed using Fisher's exact test and Spearman correlation. Results: A total of 3081 SARS-CoV-2-positive patients were recorded, of which 318 (10.32%) met the inclusion criteria. Of them, 21 (6.60%) had ophthalmic manifestations and the female-to-male ratio was 1.6:1. The mean age (±SD) was 47.95±15.27 years and the median (interquartile range) time from the diagnosis of COVID-19, as defined by positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR testing, to detection of the ophthalmic manifestation was 31 (142) days. The most common ocular manifestation was orbital mucormycosis (23.80%). Interestingly, the presence of ophthalmic manifestations was not associated with severe COVID-19 (p=0.665). Conclusions: The ophthalmic manifestations are infrequent in patients recovered from severe COVID-19. Nevertheless, further large sample studies are needed to confirm these findings.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Female ; Infant ; COVID-19/complications ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Retrospective Studies ; Mexico/epidemiology ; Eye Diseases
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-18
Publishing country	Spain
Document type	Observational Study ; Journal Article
ISSN	2173-5794
ISSN (online)	2173-5794
DOI	10.1016/j.oftale.2023.04.009
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Neuro-Ophthalmic Visual Impairment in the Setting of COVID-19.

Dinkin, Marc / Sathi, Swetha

Seminars in neurology

2023 Volume 43, Issue 2, Page(s) 268–285

Abstract: ... reported in association with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. We describe and elaborate ... alike, to facilitate faster diagnosis and treatment of both COVID-19 and its neuro-ophthalmic ... direct neurotropic viral invasion. Despite global vaccination programs, new variants of COVID-19 continue ...

Abstract	We set out to describe in detail the afferent neuro-ophthalmological complications that have been reported in association with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. We describe and elaborate on mechanisms of disease, including para-infectious inflammation, hypercoagulability, endothelial damage, and direct neurotropic viral invasion. Despite global vaccination programs, new variants of COVID-19 continue to pose an international threat, and patients with rare neuro-ophthalmic complications are likely to continue to present for care.Afferent complications from COVID-19 include homonymous visual field loss, with or without higher cortical visual syndromes, resulting from stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, or posterior reversible leukoencephalopathy. Optic neuritis has frequently been reported, sometimes along with acute disseminated encephalomyelopathy, often in association with either myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies (MOG-IgG) or less commonly aquaporin-4 seropositivity or in newly diagnosed multiple sclerosis. Ischemic optic neuropathy has rarely been reported. Papilledema, resulting either from venous sinus thrombosis or idiopathic intracranial hypertension in the setting of COVID-19, has also been described.Observed afferent neuro-ophthalmic associations need to be confirmed though larger comparative studies. Meanwhile, the range of possible complications should be recognized by neurologists and ophthalmologists alike, to facilitate faster diagnosis and treatment of both COVID-19 and its neuro-ophthalmic manifestations.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein ; Retrospective Studies ; COVID-19/complications ; Optic Neuritis/diagnosis ; Optic Neuritis/etiology ; Optic Neuritis/therapy ; Vision Disorders/diagnosis ; Vision Disorders/etiology ; Autoantibodies
Chemical Substances	Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein ; Autoantibodies
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	603165-1
ISSN	1098-9021 ; 0271-8235
ISSN (online)	1098-9021
ISSN	0271-8235
DOI	10.1055/s-0043-1767715
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Efferent neuro-ophthalmic complications of coronavirus disease 2019.

Dinkin, Marc / Sathi, Swetha

Current opinion in ophthalmology

2022 Volume 33, Issue 6, Page(s) 471–484

Abstract: ... been reported in association with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. We describe syndromes ... ophthalmologists alike, to facilitate faster diagnosis and treatment of both COVID-19 and its neuro-ophthalmic ... COVID-19 continues to pose an international threat that may rarely result in diplopia or nystagmus ...

Abstract	Purpose of review: We set out to describe efferent neuro-ophthalmological complications that have been reported in association with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. We describe syndromes affecting ocular motility and elaborate on mechanisms of disease, including para-infectious inflammation, hypercoagulability, endothelial damage, and direct neurotropic viral invasion. Despite global vaccination programs, COVID-19 continues to pose an international threat that may rarely result in diplopia or nystagmus. Recent findings: Efferent complications include cranial nerve palsies leading to diplopia, either isolated or in association with Miller Fisher syndrome. Nystagmus has been observed in the setting of hemorrhagic acute necrotizing encephalopathy and brainstem infarcts, and opsoclonus syndrome has been described. Summary: Observed neuro-ophthalmic associations need to be confirmed through larger comparative studies. Meanwhile, the range of possible complications should be recognized by neurologists and ophthalmologists alike, to facilitate faster diagnosis and treatment of both COVID-19 and its neuro-ophthalmic manifestations.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/complications ; Cranial Nerve Diseases ; Diplopia/etiology ; Humans ; Nystagmus, Pathologic ; Ocular Motility Disorders/diagnosis
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1049383-9
ISSN	1531-7021 ; 1040-8738
ISSN (online)	1531-7021
ISSN	1040-8738
DOI	10.1097/ICU.0000000000000904
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