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  1. Article ; Online: Characteristics and roles of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-specific antibodies in patients with different severities of coronavirus 19.

    Huang, Z / Chen, H / Xue, M / Huang, H / Zheng, P / Luo, W / Liang, X / Sun, B / Zhong, N

    Clinical and experimental immunology

    2020  Volume 202, Issue 2, Page(s) 210–219

    Abstract: ... antibodies had significantly higher levels in COVID-19 patients than in non-COVID-19 patients. IgA and IgG ... but false negatives can lead to missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis; severe acute respiratory syndrome ... detection. COVID-19 patients, divided into a severe and critical group and a moderate group, and non-COVID ...

    Abstract The diagnosis of coronavirus 19 (COVID-19) relies mainly upon viral nucleic acid detection, but false negatives can lead to missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific antibody detection is convenient, safe and highly sensitive. Immunoglobulin (Ig)M and IgG are commonly used to serologically diagnose COVID-19; however, the role of IgA is not well known. We aimed to quantify the levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgM, IgA and IgG antibodies, identify changes in them based on COVID-19 severity, and establish the significance of combined antibody detection. COVID-19 patients, divided into a severe and critical group and a moderate group, and non-COVID-19 patients with respiratory disease were included in this study. A chemiluminescence method was used to detect the levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgM, IgA and IgG in the blood samples from the three groups. Epidemiological characteristics, symptoms, blood test results and other data were recorded for all patients. Compared to the traditional IgM-IgG combined antibodies, IgA-IgG combined antibodies are more effective for diagnosing COVID-19. During the disease process, IgA appeared first and disappeared last. All three antibodies had significantly higher levels in COVID-19 patients than in non-COVID-19 patients. IgA and IgG were also higher for severe and critical disease than for moderate disease. All antibodies were at or near low levels at the time of tracheal extubation in critical patients. Detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific combined IgA-IgG antibodies is advantageous in diagnosing COVID-19. IgA detection is suitable during early and late stages of the disease. IgA and IgG levels correspond to disease severity.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Antibodies, Viral/blood ; Betacoronavirus/immunology ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 Testing ; Clinical Laboratory Techniques/methods ; Coronavirus Infections/diagnosis ; Cough ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Fever ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A/blood ; Immunoglobulin G/blood ; Immunoglobulin M/blood ; Luminescent Measurements ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/diagnosis ; Respiratory Sounds ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Severity of Illness Index
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Viral ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 218531-3
    ISSN 1365-2249 ; 0009-9104 ; 0964-2536
    ISSN (online) 1365-2249
    ISSN 0009-9104 ; 0964-2536
    DOI 10.1111/cei.13500
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Characteristics and roles of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-specific antibodies in patients with different severities of coronavirus 19

    Huang, Z / Chen, H / Xue, M / Huang, H / Zheng, P / Luo, W / Liang, X / Sun, B / Zhong, N

    Clin. exp. immunol

    Abstract: ... antibodies had significantly higher levels in COVID-19 patients than in non-COVID-19 patients. IgA and IgG ... but false negatives can lead to missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis; severe acute respiratory syndrome ... detection. COVID-19 patients, divided into a severe and critical group and a moderate group, and non-COVID ...

    Abstract The diagnosis of coronavirus 19 (COVID-19) relies mainly upon viral nucleic acid detection, but false negatives can lead to missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific antibody detection is convenient, safe and highly sensitive. Immunoglobulin (Ig)M and IgG are commonly used to serologically diagnose COVID-19; however, the role of IgA is not well known. We aimed to quantify the levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgM, IgA and IgG antibodies, identify changes in them based on COVID-19 severity, and establish the significance of combined antibody detection. COVID-19 patients, divided into a severe and critical group and a moderate group, and non-COVID-19 patients with respiratory disease were included in this study. A chemiluminescence method was used to detect the levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgM, IgA and IgG in the blood samples from the three groups. Epidemiological characteristics, symptoms, blood test results and other data were recorded for all patients. Compared to the traditional IgM-IgG combined antibodies, IgA-IgG combined antibodies are more effective for diagnosing COVID-19. During the disease process, IgA appeared first and disappeared last. All three antibodies had significantly higher levels in COVID-19 patients than in non-COVID-19 patients. IgA and IgG were also higher for severe and critical disease than for moderate disease. All antibodies were at or near low levels at the time of tracheal extubation in critical patients. Detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific combined IgA-IgG antibodies is advantageous in diagnosing COVID-19. IgA detection is suitable during early and late stages of the disease. IgA and IgG levels correspond to disease severity.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #670602
    Database COVID19

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  3. Article: Detection methods and dynamic characteristics of specific antibodies in patients with COVID-19: A review of the early literature.

    Xu, Jianteng / Chen, Jianguo / Wen, Fazhi / Liu, KangSheng / Chen, Yajun

    Heliyon

    2024  Volume 10, Issue 3, Page(s) e24580

    Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ... of patients showed different antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2, with severe COVID-19 patients > non-severe ... to SARS-CoV-2, whereas the detection of COVID-19 IgG antibodies indicates virus exposure some time ago ...

    Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has caused a global pandemic. Early and accurate diagnosis and quarantine remain the most effective mitigation strategy. Although reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is the gold standard for COVID-19 diagnosis, recent studies suggest that nucleic acids were undetectable in a significant number of cases with clinical features of COVID-19.Serological assays for SARS-CoV-2 play a role in diagnosis of COVID-19, in understanding viral epidemiology and screening convalescent sera for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes, to better understand the immune response to the virus, and to assess the degree and duration of the response of specific antibodies. In this article, we retrieved PubMed, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and WEB OF SCI databases for articles and reviews published before December 1, 2022. Using "IgM, IgG,IgA, neutralizing antibody, specific antibody,COVID-19, dynamic characteristics" as keywords, and comprehensively reviewed on their basis.According to the authors' criteria, only articles deemed relevant were included, covering original articles, case series, experimental studies, reviews, and case reports. Articles on performance evaluation, opinion pieces, and technical issues were excluded. From the onset of COVID-19 symptoms, the median time of seroconversion was 11 days for immunoglobulin A (IgA), the median time of peak antibody titer was 23 (16-30 days) for IgA.Immunoglobulin M (IgM) is detected prior to immunoglobulin G (IgG), peaking 2-5 weeks post symptom onset and detectable for a minimum of 8 weeks in the immunocompetent.Neutralizing antibodies were earliest detectable within 6-7 days following disease onset, with levels increasing until days 14-22 before levelling and then decreasing, but titres were lower in clinically mild disease. Different clinical types of patients showed different antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2, with severe COVID-19 patients > non-severe COVID-19 patients > asymptomatic infected persons, but no difference in the early stage of the disease. Usually, IgM and IgA antibodies are detectable earlier than IgG antibodies.IgA antibodys plays an important role in local mucosal immunity.Detection of IgM antibodies tends to indicate recent exposure to SARS-CoV-2, whereas the detection of COVID-19 IgG antibodies indicates virus exposure some time ago. The detection of potent neutralizing antibodies in convalescent plasma is important in the context of development of therapeutics and vaccines.With the emergence of immune escape variants of SARS-CoV-2, humoral immunity is being challenged, and a detailed understanding of Specific antibodies is critical to guide vaccine design strategies and antibody-mediated therapies.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2835763-2
    ISSN 2405-8440
    ISSN 2405-8440
    DOI 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24580
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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