Article ; Online: Ethnic disparities in COVID-19 mortality in Mexico: A cross-sectional study based on national data.
2021 Volume 16, Issue 3, Page(s) e0239168
Abstract: ... in a large sample of patients with COVID-19 in Mexico.: Methods: We used open access data from the Mexican ... of this cross-sectional study was to determine the mortality associated with ethnicity, particularly of Indigenous peoples ... Ministry of Health, which includes data of all confirmed COVID-19 cases in the country. We used descriptive ...
| Abstract | Introduction: Across the world, the COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected racial and ethnic minorities. How ethnicity affects Indigenous peoples in Mexico is unclear. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the mortality associated with ethnicity, particularly of Indigenous peoples, in a large sample of patients with COVID-19 in Mexico. Methods: We used open access data from the Mexican Ministry of Health, which includes data of all confirmed COVID-19 cases in the country. We used descriptive statistics to compare differences among different groups of patients. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios while adjusting for confounders. Results: From February 28 to August 3, 2020, a total of 416546 adult patients were diagnosed with COVID-19. Among these, 4178 were Indigenous peoples. Among all patients with COVID-19, whether hospitalized or not, a higher proportion of Indigenous peoples died compared to non-Indigenous people (16.5% vs 11.1%, respectively). Among hospitalized patients, a higher proportion of Indigenous peoples died (37.1%) compared to non-Indigenous peoples (36.3%). Deaths outside the hospital were also higher among Indigenous peoples (3.7% vs 1.7%). A higher proportion of Indigenous peoples died in both the private and public health care sectors. The adjusted odds ratio for COVID-19 mortality among Indigenous peoples with COVID-19 was 1.13 (95% confidence interval 1.03 to 1.24). The adjusted odds ratio for COVID-19 mortality among Indigenous peoples with COVID-19 was higher among those who received only ambulatory care (1.55, 95% confidence interval 1.24 to 1.92). Discussion: In this large sample of patients with COVID-19, the findings suggest that Indigenous peoples in Mexico have a higher risk of death from COVID-19, especially outside the hospital. These findings suggest Indigenous peoples lack access to care more so than non-Indigenous people during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Adult ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/mortality ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Ethnicity/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Health Status Disparities ; Healthcare Disparities/ethnology ; Humans ; Indigenous Peoples/statistics & numerical data ; Male ; Mexico/epidemiology ; Middle Aged ; Minority Groups/statistics & numerical data ; Pandemics ; Population Groups/statistics & numerical data ; SARS-CoV-2/pathogenicity |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2021-03-10 |
| Publishing country | United States |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| ZDB-ID | 2267670-3 |
| ISSN | 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203 |
| ISSN (online) | 1932-6203 |
| ISSN | 1932-6203 |
| DOI | 10.1371/journal.pone.0239168 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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