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  1. Article ; Online: Review: magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies of pediatric major depressive disorder.

    Kondo, Douglas G / Hellem, Tracy L / Sung, Young-Hoon / Kim, Namkug / Jeong, Eun-Kee / Delmastro, Kristen K / Shi, Xianfeng / Renshaw, Perry F

    Depression research and treatment

    2010  Volume 2011, Page(s) 650450

    Abstract: ... to the study of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) in children and adolescents. Method. A literature search using ... Introduction. This paper focuses on the application of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS ... in pediatric MDD is modest but growing. In studies that are methodologically comparable, the results have been ...

    Abstract Introduction. This paper focuses on the application of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) to the study of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) in children and adolescents. Method. A literature search using the National Institutes of Health's PubMed database was conducted to identify indexed peer-reviewed MRS studies in pediatric patients with MDD. Results. The literature search yielded 18 articles reporting original MRS data in pediatric MDD. Neurochemical alterations in Choline, Glutamate, and N-Acetyl Aspartate are associated with pediatric MDD, suggesting pathophysiologic continuity with adult MDD. Conclusions. The MRS literature in pediatric MDD is modest but growing. In studies that are methodologically comparable, the results have been consistent. Because it offers a noninvasive and repeatable measurement of relevant in vivo brain chemistry, MRS has the potential to provide insights into the pathophysiology of MDD as well as the mediators and moderators of treatment response.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-10-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2573947-5
    ISSN 2090-133X ; 2090-133X
    ISSN (online) 2090-133X
    ISSN 2090-133X
    DOI 10.1155/2011/650450
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Review

    Douglas G. Kondo / Tracy L. Hellem / Young-Hoon Sung / Namkug Kim / Eun-Kee Jeong / Kristen K. DelMastro / Xianfeng Shi / Perry F. Renshaw

    Depression Research and Treatment, Vol

    Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Studies of Pediatric Major Depressive Disorder

    2011  Volume 2011

    Keywords Psychiatry ; RC435-571 ; Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ; RC346-429 ; Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ; RC321-571 ; Internal medicine ; RC31-1245 ; Medicine ; R ; DOAJ:Psychiatry ; DOAJ:Medicine (General) ; DOAJ:Health Sciences ; Psychology ; BF1-990 ; Philosophy. Psychology. Religion ; B ; DOAJ:Psychology ; DOAJ:Social Sciences
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Hindawi Publishing Corporation
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Differentiating bipolar disorder from unipolar depression in youth: A systematic literature review of neuroimaging research studies.

    Kelberman, Caroline / Biederman, Joseph / Green, Allison / Spera, Vincenza / Maiello, Marco / Uchida, Mai

    Psychiatry research. Neuroimaging

    2020  Volume 307, Page(s) 111201

    Abstract: ... with major depressive disorder, and 299 healthy controls. Six of the reviewed studies differentiated between bipolar and unipolar ... spectroscopy study. Relevant variables were extracted and brain differences between bipolar and unipolar ... qualitative review, including three structural MRI studies, five functional MRI studies, and one MR ...

    Abstract Differentiating bipolar disorder from unipolar depression is one of the most difficult clinical questions posed in pediatric psychiatric practices, as misdiagnosis can lead to severe repercussions for the affected child. This study aimed to examine the existing literature that investigates brain differences between bipolar and unipolar mood disorders in children directly, across all neuroimaging modalities. We performed a systematic literature search through PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, and Medline databases with defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Nine research studies were included in the systematic qualitative review, including three structural MRI studies, five functional MRI studies, and one MR spectroscopy study. Relevant variables were extracted and brain differences between bipolar and unipolar mood disorders in children as well as healthy controls were qualitatively analyzed. Across the nine studies, our review included 228 subjects diagnosed with bipolar disorder, 268 diagnosed with major depressive disorder, and 299 healthy controls. Six of the reviewed studies differentiated between bipolar and unipolar mood disorders. Differentiation was most commonly found in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), insula, and dorsal striatum (putamen and caudate) brain areas. Despite its importance, the current neuroimaging literature on this topic is scarce and presents minimal generalizability.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Bipolar Disorder/diagnostic imaging ; Child ; Depressive Disorder, Major ; Gyrus Cinguli ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neuroimaging
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-05
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 445361-x
    ISSN 1872-7506 ; 1872-7123 ; 0925-4927 ; 0165-1781
    ISSN (online) 1872-7506 ; 1872-7123
    ISSN 0925-4927 ; 0165-1781
    DOI 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2020.111201
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1541: Show issues Location:
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
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  4. Article ; Online: Toward dysfunctional connectivity: a review of neuroimaging findings in pediatric major depressive disorder.

    Hulvershorn, Leslie A / Cullen, Kathryn / Anand, Amit

    Brain imaging and behavior

    2011  Volume 5, Issue 4, Page(s) 307–328

    Abstract: ... and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS ... in interest has created the need for a synthetic review of this work. Major findings from pediatric volumetric ... from more recent advances in DTI and functional connectivity imaging. Systematic review of these studies ...

    Abstract Child and adolescent psychiatric neuroimaging research typically lags behind similar advances in adult disorders. While the pediatric depression imaging literature is less developed, a recent surge in interest has created the need for a synthetic review of this work. Major findings from pediatric volumetric and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and resting state functional connectivity studies converge to implicate a corticolimbic network of key areas that work together to mediate the task of emotion regulation. Imaging the brain of children and adolescents with unipolar depression began with volumetric studies of isolated brain regions that served to identify key prefrontal, cingulate and limbic nodes of depression-related circuitry elucidated from more recent advances in DTI and functional connectivity imaging. Systematic review of these studies preliminarily suggests developmental differences between findings in youth and adults, including prodromal neurobiological features, along with some continuity across development.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Amygdala/pathology ; Brain/pathology ; Brain Mapping ; Cerebral Cortex/pathology ; Child ; Cognition/physiology ; Corpus Striatum/pathology ; Depressive Disorder, Major/pathology ; Depressive Disorder, Major/psychology ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging ; Hippocampus/pathology ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neural Pathways/pathology ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Pituitary Gland/pathology ; Prefrontal Cortex/pathology ; Recognition, Psychology ; Reward
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-09-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Review ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 2377165-3
    ISSN 1931-7565 ; 1931-7557
    ISSN (online) 1931-7565
    ISSN 1931-7557
    DOI 10.1007/s11682-011-9134-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Glutamatergic dysregulation in pediatric psychiatric disorders: a systematic review of the magnetic resonance spectroscopy literature.

    Spencer, Andrea E / Uchida, Mai / Kenworthy, Tara / Keary, Christopher J / Biederman, Joseph

    The Journal of clinical psychiatry

    2014  Volume 75, Issue 11, Page(s) 1226–1241

    Abstract: ... through magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). The aim of this study was to review the existing literature to gauge the specificity ... for schizophrenia and decreases in youth with major depression, bipolar disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder ... particularly in bipolar disorder and ADHD.: Conclusions: A relatively small number of studies have examined ...

    Abstract Objective: As the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain, glutamate plays a critical role in normal brain function; thus, its dysregulation could lead to psychopathology in youth. A growing body of literature has investigated the role of glutamate in the pathophysiology of childhood psychiatric disorders through magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). The aim of this study was to review the existing literature to gauge the specificity of such findings.
    Data sources: PubMed was searched for all scientific, peer-reviewed articles published in English that included MRS measurements of glutamatergic metabolites in pediatric psychiatric populations through August 14, 2013.
    Study selection: 50 articles were included in this review. These studies included measurements of glutamate or related metabolites with MRS in children with psychiatric disorders.
    Data extraction: All relevant data (eg, population; number, sex, and age of subjects; method of comparison; treatment history; MRS Tesla; brain regions of interest; glutamatergic findings; other findings; and comorbidities) were extracted from the included articles. The direction and significance of glutamate dysregulation and brain region(s) examined were used to compare the studies.
    Results: Most consistently, increases in glutamatergic metabolites were found in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and other regions in youth with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Limited data suggested increases in glutamatergic metabolites in youth with autism spectrum disorders, emotional dysregulation, and high risk for schizophrenia and decreases in youth with major depression, bipolar disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. There was limited but consistent evidence for normalization of glutamatergic levels with treatment, particularly in bipolar disorder and ADHD.
    Conclusions: A relatively small number of studies have examined the role of glutamatergic dysregulation in pediatric psychiatric disorders. Some consistencies can be found, but interpretation of the data is limited by differences in methodology, including age of subjects, severity of current symptoms, treatment, and scanning parameters.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Brain/metabolism ; Child ; Glutamic Acid/metabolism ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Mental Disorders/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Glutamic Acid (3KX376GY7L)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 716287-x
    ISSN 1555-2101 ; 0160-6689
    ISSN (online) 1555-2101
    ISSN 0160-6689
    DOI 10.4088/JCP.13r08767
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.B 108: Show issues Location:
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    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
    Zs.MO 247: Show issues

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  6. Article: In vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in patients with mood disorders: a technically oriented review.

    Capizzano, Aristides A / Jorge, Ricardo E / Acion, Laura C / Robinson, Robert G

    Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI

    2007  Volume 26, Issue 6, Page(s) 1378–1389

    Abstract: Proton MR spectroscopy (1HMRS) has been extensively used among mood disorders patients. A review ... among bipolar disorder (BD) patients, along with an increment in frontal Glu. The differences in results of 1HMRS studies ... of the published literature in 1HMRS studies of mood disorders was carried out for the period 1991 to July 2006 ...

    Abstract Proton MR spectroscopy (1HMRS) has been extensively used among mood disorders patients. A review of the published literature in 1HMRS studies of mood disorders was carried out for the period 1991 to July 2006. Of 71 1HMRS studies, 77.5% were done at 1.5T and 66.2% used single voxel sequences (SVS), implying limitations of spectral resolution and anatomic coverage, respectively. In all, 47.9% of studies relied on creatine (Cr) as internal signal standard, although Cr changes were reported in major depression (MD). Most reported metabolic alterations related to mood state affected the left frontal lobe. Depressed adult and pediatric MD patients had reduced glutamate (Glu) in frontal lobe regions, which reversed with successful treatment. A consistent reduction of N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA) was reported in the hippocampal formation among bipolar disorder (BD) patients, along with an increment in frontal Glu. The differences in results of 1HMRS studies in mood disorders reflect heterogeneity of technical factors and subject selection. Future studies should benefit from higher spectral resolution and more extensive anatomic coverage as well as standardized data-processing protocols and subject selection criteria.
    MeSH term(s) Aspartic Acid/analogs & derivatives ; Aspartic Acid/metabolism ; Brain Chemistry/physiology ; Creatine/metabolism ; Frontal Lobe/chemistry ; Frontal Lobe/metabolism ; Glutamates/metabolism ; Hippocampus/chemistry ; Hippocampus/metabolism ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/methods ; Mood Disorders/metabolism ; Protons
    Chemical Substances Glutamates ; Protons ; Aspartic Acid (30KYC7MIAI) ; N-acetylaspartate (997-55-7) ; Creatine (MU72812GK0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1146614-5
    ISSN 1522-2586 ; 1053-1807
    ISSN (online) 1522-2586
    ISSN 1053-1807
    DOI 10.1002/jmri.21144
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 3648: Show issues Location:
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    Zs.MO 236: Show issues

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  7. Article: Review of 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy findings in major depressive disorder: a meta-analysis.

    Yildiz-Yesiloglu, Aysegul / Ankerst, Donna Pauler

    Psychiatry research

    2006  Volume 147, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–25

    Abstract: In a review of the current literature, we identified (1)H MRS studies of major depressive disorder ... adult and pediatric MDD patients with healthy controls were performed. For adults, 14 studies with 227 ... patients/173 controls for Cr were identified. There were six studies containing a total of 79 pediatric ...

    Abstract In a review of the current literature, we identified (1)H MRS studies of major depressive disorder (MDD) that examined the metabolites N-acetylaspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), myo-inositol (mI), glutamate/glutamine/gamma-aminobutyric acid-GABA (Glx), and creatine (Cr). Separate meta-analyses comparing adult and pediatric MDD patients with healthy controls were performed. For adults, 14 studies with 227 patients/246 controls for NAA, 15 studies with 240 patients/261 controls for Cho, seven studies with 96 patients/104 controls for mI, six studies with 86 patients/109 controls for Glx, and nine studies with 146 patients/173 controls for Cr were identified. There were six studies containing a total of 79 pediatric depressed patients. We performed 15 separate meta-analyses to combine results from studies with similar characteristics. Adult MDD patients had higher Cho/Cr values than controls in the basal ganglia. In contrast, three studies on Glx levels indicated significantly lower Glx levels in the frontal lobe of MDD patients. The review indicated increased Cho/Cr in the basal ganglia in MDD and no alteration of NAA, suggesting an increased membrane turnover in MDD without a neurodegenerative outcome. Lower Glx levels in depressed patients in contrast to a likely hyperglutamatergic state in bipolar disorder may implicate a different pathophysiological ground in MDD.
    MeSH term(s) Aspartic Acid/analogs & derivatives ; Aspartic Acid/metabolism ; Brain/metabolism ; Choline/metabolism ; Creatine/metabolism ; Depressive Disorder, Major/diagnosis ; Depressive Disorder, Major/metabolism ; Depressive Disorder, Major/physiopathology ; Glutamic Acid/metabolism ; Humans ; Inositol/metabolism ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/methods ; Phosphocreatine/metabolism ; Protons ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Protons ; Phosphocreatine (020IUV4N33) ; Aspartic Acid (30KYC7MIAI) ; Glutamic Acid (3KX376GY7L) ; Inositol (4L6452S749) ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (56-12-2) ; N-acetylaspartate (997-55-7) ; Creatine (MU72812GK0) ; Choline (N91BDP6H0X)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2006-06-30
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis
    ZDB-ID 445361-x
    ISSN 1872-7123 ; 1872-7506 ; 0165-1781 ; 0925-4927
    ISSN (online) 1872-7123 ; 1872-7506
    ISSN 0165-1781 ; 0925-4927
    DOI 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2005.12.004
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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