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Article ; Online: Neurological symptoms and findings in COVID-19: a prospective clinical study.

Köseoğlu Toksoy, Cansu / Yavuz, Tunzala / Orhan, Semiha / Şarlak Konya, Petek / Korkmaz, Derya / Tünay, Havva / Bozkurt, Erhan / Coşğun, İbrahim Güven / Demirtürk, Neşe / Doğan, İsmet / Türk Börü, Ülkü

Neurological research

2021 Volume 44, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–6

Abstract: ... as a prospective study. Hospitalized COVID-19 rRt-PCR positive patients in the ward and ICU were included in the study ... of neurological symptoms was very high in patients with COVID-19. The percentage of neurological symptoms and findings was ... Objective: We sought to evaluate neurologic symptoms and findings in patients with COVID-19 ...

Abstract	Objective: We sought to evaluate neurologic symptoms and findings in patients with COVID-19 infection hospitalized in a ward and intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: This study was designed as a prospective study. Hospitalized COVID-19 rRt-PCR positive patients in the ward and ICU were included in the study. A 54-item questionnaire was used to evaluate the patients. Patients were examined within 3 hours of hospitalization. Results: A total of 379 patients were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 56.1 ± 17.8. 89 of the patients were in intensive care. At least one general symptom was recorded in 95.5% of patients. The most common neurologic symptoms were myalgia (48.5%), headache (39.6%), anosmia (34.8%), and dysgeusia (34%). Neurological symptoms in ICU patients were higher than in the ward. 53.6% of patients had comorbidities. Discussion: This study indicated that the prevalence of neurological symptoms was very high in patients with COVID-19. The percentage of neurological symptoms and findings was higher in patients hospitalized in ICU.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anosmia/etiology ; COVID-19/complications ; Dysgeusia/etiology ; Female ; Headache/etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myalgia/etiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	424428-x
ISSN	1743-1328 ; 0161-6412
ISSN (online)	1743-1328
ISSN	0161-6412
DOI	10.1080/01616412.2021.1952740
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Article: Neurological involvement among non-hospitalized adolescents and young adults 6 months after acute COVID-19.

Havdal, Lise Beier / Selvakumar, Joel / Lund Berven, Lise / Stiansen-Sonerud, Tonje / Zetterberg, Henrik / Blennow, Kaj / Holmøy, Trygve / Wyller, Vegard Bruun Bratholm

Frontiers in neurology

2024 Volume 15, Page(s) 1345787

Abstract: ... brain injury biomarkers and neurocognitive performance 6 months after mild COVID-19 implies that the persistent ... individuals, were prospectively enrolled and followed-up for 6 months (Clinical Trials ID: NCT04686734 ... impaired memory, pain, and sleep disturbances. The underlying mechanisms remain elusive. This study aimed ...

Abstract	Introduction: The post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) is characterized by debilitating persistent symptoms, including symptoms suggesting neurological aberrations such as concentration difficulties, impaired memory, pain, and sleep disturbances. The underlying mechanisms remain elusive. This study aimed to investigate brain injury biomarkers, neurocognitive test performance, and self-reported neurological and neuropsychological symptoms in young people with PCC. Methods: A total of 404 non-hospitalized adolescents and young adults aged 12-25 years who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, along with 105 matched SARS-CoV-2 negative individuals, were prospectively enrolled and followed-up for 6 months (Clinical Trials ID: NCT04686734). All participants underwent comprehensive assessment encompassing clinical examinations, questionnaires, neurocognitive testing and blood sampling. Serum samples were immunoassayed for the brain injury biomarkers neurofilament light chain (Nfl) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAp). At 6 months, cross-sectional analyses of serum Nfl/GFAp, neurocognitive test results and symptom scores were performed across groups based on adherence to PCC criteria as well as initial SARS-CoV-2 test results. Also, associations between Nfl/GFAp, neurocognitive test results, and symptom scores were explored. Results: A total of 381 SARS-CoV-2 positive and 85 SARS-CoV-2 negative were included in the final analysis at 6 months, of whom 48% and 47%, respectively, adhered to the PCC criteria. Serum levels of Nfl and GFAp were almost equal across groups and did not differ from reference values in healthy populations. Also, neurocognitive test results were not different across groups, whereas symptom scores were significantly higher in patients fulfilling PCC criteria (independent of initial SARS-CoV-2 status). No significant associations between Nfl/GFAp, neurocognitive test results, and symptom scores were found. Conclusion: Normal brain injury biomarkers and neurocognitive performance 6 months after mild COVID-19 implies that the persistent symptoms associated with PCC are not concurrent with ongoing central nervous system damage or permanent disruption of cognitive functions. This finding contradicts the notion of neuroinflammation as a likely explanation for the persistent symptoms.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-07
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2564214-5
ISSN	1664-2295
ISSN	1664-2295
DOI	10.3389/fneur.2024.1345787
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Article: Neurological Involvement in COVID-19 Among Non-Hospitalized Adolescents and Young Adults.

Havdal, Lise Beier / Berven, Lise Lund / Selvakumar, Joel / Stiansen-Sonerud, Tonje / Leegaard, Truls Michael / Tjade, Trygve / Zetterberg, Henrik / Blennow, Kaj / Wyller, Vegard Bruun Bratholm

Frontiers in neurology

2022 Volume 13, Page(s) 915712

Abstract: ... and young adults with COVID-19.: Methods: This study reports baseline findings from an ongoing ... observational cohort study of COVID-19 cases and non-COVID controls aged 12-25 years (Clinical Trials ID ... Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is prevalent among young people, and ...

Abstract	Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is prevalent among young people, and neurological involvement has been reported. We investigated neurological symptoms, cognitive test results, and biomarkers of brain injury, as well as associations between these variables in non-hospitalized adolescents and young adults with COVID-19. Methods: This study reports baseline findings from an ongoing observational cohort study of COVID-19 cases and non-COVID controls aged 12-25 years (Clinical Trials ID: NCT04686734). Symptoms were charted using a standardized questionnaire. Cognitive performance was evaluated by applying tests of working memory, verbal learning, delayed recall, and recognition. The brain injury biomarkers, neurofilament light chain (NfL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAp), were assayed in serum samples using ultrasensitive immunoassays. Results: A total of 405 COVID-19 cases and 111 non-COVID cases were prospectively included. Serum Nfl and GFAp concentrations were significantly elevated in COVID-19 cases as compared with non-COVID controls ( Conclusions: Non-hospitalized adolescents and young adults with COVID-19 reported more fatigue and PEM and had slightly elevated levels of brain injury markers, but showed normal cognitive performance. No associations were found between symptoms, brain injury markers, and cognitive test results, but fatigue and PEM were strongly related to female sex and older age.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-22
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2564214-5
ISSN	1664-2295
ISSN	1664-2295
DOI	10.3389/fneur.2022.915712
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Article: Brain cortical alterations in COVID-19 patients with neurological symptoms.

Sanabria-Diaz, Gretel / Etter, Manina Maja / Melie-Garcia, Lester / Lieb, Johanna M / Psychogios, Marios-Nikos / Hutter, Gregor / Granziera, Cristina

Frontiers in neuroscience

2022 Volume 16, Page(s) 992165

Abstract: ... covariates. : Results: Our findings revealed a lower cortical volume in COVID-19 patients' orbitofrontal ... of this study was to assess the cortical gray matter volume, the cortical thickness, and the cortical ... from a prospective cross-sectional study cohort during the ongoing pandemic (August 2020-April 2021 ...

Abstract	Background: Growing evidence suggests that the central nervous system is affected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), since infected patients suffer from acute and long-term neurological sequelae. Nevertheless, it is currently unknown whether the virus affects the brain cortex. The purpose of this study was to assess the cortical gray matter volume, the cortical thickness, and the cortical surface area in a group of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients with neurological symptoms compared to healthy control subjects. Additionally, we analyzed the cortical features and the association with inflammatory biomarkers in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma. Materials and methods: Thirty-three patients were selected from a prospective cross-sectional study cohort during the ongoing pandemic (August 2020-April 2021) at the university hospitals of Basel and Zurich (Switzerland). The group included patients with different neurological symptom severity (Class I: nearly asymptomatic/mild symptoms, II: moderate symptoms, III: severe symptoms). Thirty-three healthy age and sex-matched subjects that underwent the same MRI protocol served as controls. For each anatomical T1w MPRAGE image, regional cortical gray matter volume, thickness, and surface area were computed with FreeSurfer. Using a linear regression model, cortical measures were compared between groups (patients vs. controls; Class I vs. II-III), with age, sex, MRI magnetic field strength, and total intracranial volume/mean thickness/total surface area as covariates. In a subgroup of patients, the association between cortical features and clinical parameters was assessed using partial correlation adjusting for the same covariates. Results: Our findings revealed a lower cortical volume in COVID-19 patients' orbitofrontal, frontal, and cingulate regions than in controls ( Conclusion: Our data suggest that viral-triggered inflammation leads to neurotoxic damage in some cortical areas during the acute phase of a COVID-19 infection in patients with neurological symptoms.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-20
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2411902-7
ISSN	1662-453X ; 1662-4548
ISSN (online)	1662-453X
ISSN	1662-4548
DOI	10.3389/fnins.2022.992165
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Article ; Online: A prospective clinical study of detailed neurological manifestations in patients with COVID-19.

Karadaş, Ömer / Öztürk, Bilgin / Sonkaya, Ali Rıza

Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology

2020 Volume 41, Issue 8, Page(s) 1991–1995

Abstract: ... defined with findings such as cough, fever, diarrhea, and fatigue although neurological symptoms ... of patients with COVID-19 have not been investigated in detail. This study aims to investigate ... Results: This study was carried out 239 patients (133 male + 106 female) with diagnosed COVID-19 ...

Abstract	Background: COVID-19 is a virus pandemic. According to the first obtained data, COVID-19 has defined with findings such as cough, fever, diarrhea, and fatigue although neurological symptoms of patients with COVID-19 have not been investigated in detail. This study aims to investigate the neurological findings via obtained face-to-face anamnesis and detailed neurological examination in patients with COVID-19. Methods: Two hundred thirty-nine consecutive inpatients with COVID-19, supported with laboratory tests, were evaluated. Detailed neurological examinations and evaluations of all patients were performed. All evaluations and examinations were performed by two neurologists who have at least five-year experience. Results: This study was carried out 239 patients (133 male + 106 female) with diagnosed COVID-19. Neurological findings were present in 83 of 239 patients (34.7%). The most common neurological finding was a headache (27.6%). D-dimer blood levels were detected to be significantly higher in patients with at least one neurological symptom than patients without the neurological symptom (p < 0.05). IL-6 level was found to be significantly higher in patients with headache than without headache (p < 0.05). Creatine kinase (CK) level was detected to be significantly higher in patients with muscle pain (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Neurological symptoms are often seen in patients with COVID-19. Headache was the most common seen neurological symptom in this disease. Dizziness, impaired consciousness, smell and gustation impairments, cerebrovascular disorders, epileptic seizures, and myalgia were detected as other findings apart from the headache. It is suggested that determining these neurological symptoms prevents the diagnosis delay and helps to prohibit virus spread.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/complications ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nervous System Diseases/virology ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/complications ; Prospective Studies ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Young Adult
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-25
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2016546-8
ISSN	1590-3478 ; 1590-1874
ISSN (online)	1590-3478
ISSN	1590-1874
DOI	10.1007/s10072-020-04547-7
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Article ; Online: Neurological manifestations as the predictors of severity and mortality in hospitalized individuals with COVID-19: a multicenter prospective clinical study.

Amanat, Man / Rezaei, Nima / Roozbeh, Mehrdad / Shojaei, Maziar / Tafakhori, Abbas / Zoghi, Anahita / Darazam, Ilad Alavi / Salehi, Mona / Karimialavijeh, Ehsan / Lima, Behnam Safarpour / Garakani, Amir / Vaccaro, Alexander / Ramezani, Mahtab

BMC neurology

2021 Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 116

Abstract: ... of neurological manifestations in hospitalized cases with COVID-19 and assess these symptoms as the predictors of severity and ... other common neurological symptoms. Headaches had negative correlation with severity and death due to COVID-19 ... 2019 (COVID-19). This multi-center prospective study was conducted to determine the incidence ...

Abstract	Backgrounds: The reports of neurological symptoms are increasing in cases with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This multi-center prospective study was conducted to determine the incidence of neurological manifestations in hospitalized cases with COVID-19 and assess these symptoms as the predictors of severity and death. Methods: Hospitalized males and females with COVID-19 who aged over 18 years were included in the study. They were examined by two neurologists at the time of admission. All survived cases were followed for 8 weeks after discharge and 16 weeks if their symptoms had no improvements. Results: We included 873 participants. Of eligible cases, 122 individuals (13.97%) died during hospitalization. The most common non-neurological manifestations were fever (81.1%), cough (76.1%), fatigue (36.1%), and shortness of breath (27.6%). Aging, male gender, co-morbidity, smoking, hemoptysis, chest tightness, and shortness of breath were associated with increased odds of severe cases and/or mortality. There were 561 (64.3%) cases with smell and taste dysfunctions (hyposmia: 58.6%; anosmia: 41.4%; dysguesia: 100%). They were more common among females (69.7%) and non-smokers (66.7%). Hyposmia/anosmia and dysgeusia were found to be associated with reduced odds of severe cases and mortality. Myalgia (24.8%), headaches (12.6%), and dizziness (11.9%) were other common neurological symptoms. Headaches had negative correlation with severity and death due to COVID-19 but myalgia and dizziness were not associated. The cerebrovascular events (n = 10) and status epilepticus (n = 1) were other neurological findings. The partial or full recovery of smell and taste dysfunctions was found in 95.2% after 8 weeks and 97.3% after 16 weeks. The parosmia (30.9%) and phantosmia (9.0%) were also reported during 8 weeks of follow-up. Five cases with mild headaches and 5 cases with myalgia were reported after 16 weeks of discharge. The demyelinating myelitis (n = 1) and Guillain-Barré syndrome (n = 1) were also found during follow-up. Conclusion: Neurological symptoms were found to be prevalent among individuals with COVID-19 disease and should not be under-estimated during the current pandemic outbreak.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; COVID-19/complications ; COVID-19/mortality ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nervous System Diseases/epidemiology ; Nervous System Diseases/virology ; Prognosis ; Prospective Studies ; SARS-CoV-2
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Clinical Study ; Journal Article ; Multicenter Study
ZDB-ID	2041347-6
ISSN	1471-2377 ; 1471-2377
ISSN (online)	1471-2377
ISSN	1471-2377
DOI	10.1186/s12883-021-02152-5
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Article: A prospective clinical study of detailed neurological manifestations in patients with COVID-19

Karadas, Ömer / Öztürk, Bilgin / Sonkaya, Ali Riza

Neurol Sci

Abstract: ... defined with findings such as cough, fever, diarrhea, and fatigue although neurological symptoms ... of patients with COVID-19 have not been investigated in detail. This study aims to investigate ... RESULTS: This study was carried out 239 patients (133 male + 106 female) with diagnosed COVID-19 ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: COVID-19 is a virus pandemic. According to the first obtained data, COVID-19 has defined with findings such as cough, fever, diarrhea, and fatigue although neurological symptoms of patients with COVID-19 have not been investigated in detail. This study aims to investigate the neurological findings via obtained face-to-face anamnesis and detailed neurological examination in patients with COVID-19. METHODS: Two hundred thirty-nine consecutive inpatients with COVID-19, supported with laboratory tests, were evaluated. Detailed neurological examinations and evaluations of all patients were performed. All evaluations and examinations were performed by two neurologists who have at least five-year experience. RESULTS: This study was carried out 239 patients (133 male + 106 female) with diagnosed COVID-19. Neurological findings were present in 83 of 239 patients (34.7%). The most common neurological finding was a headache (27.6%). D-dimer blood levels were detected to be significantly higher in patients with at least one neurological symptom than patients without the neurological symptom (p < 0.05). IL-6 level was found to be significantly higher in patients with headache than without headache (p < 0.05). Creatine kinase (CK) level was detected to be significantly higher in patients with muscle pain (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Neurological symptoms are often seen in patients with COVID-19. Headache was the most common seen neurological symptom in this disease. Dizziness, impaired consciousness, smell and gustation impairments, cerebrovascular disorders, epileptic seizures, and myalgia were detected as other findings apart from the headache. It is suggested that determining these neurological symptoms prevents the diagnosis delay and helps to prohibit virus spread.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #613787
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Global Consortium Study of Neurological Dysfunction in COVID-19 (GCS-NeuroCOVID): Study Design and Rationale.

Frontera, Jennifer / Mainali, Shraddha / Fink, Ericka L / Robertson, Courtney L / Schober, Michelle / Ziai, Wendy / Menon, David / Kochanek, Patrick M / Suarez, Jose I / Helbok, Raimund / McNett, Molly / Chou, Sherry H-Y

Neurocritical care

2020 Volume 33, Issue 1, Page(s) 25–34

Abstract: ... if they provide clinical care to COVID-19 patients and are able to conduct patient-oriented research under ... of COVID-19 neurological syndromes is urgently needed.: Methods: The Global Consortium to Study ... 19 positive patients over the study period. Secondary outcomes include: in-hospital, 30 and 90-day ...

Abstract	Background: As the COVID-19 pandemic developed, reports of neurological dysfunctions spanning the central and peripheral nervous systems have emerged. The spectrum of acute neurological dysfunctions may implicate direct viral invasion, para-infectious complications, neurological manifestations of systemic diseases, or co-incident neurological dysfunction in the context of high SARS-CoV-2 prevalence. A rapid and pragmatic approach to understanding the prevalence, phenotypes, pathophysiology and prognostic implications of COVID-19 neurological syndromes is urgently needed. Methods: The Global Consortium to Study Neurological dysfunction in COVID-19 (GCS-NeuroCOVID), endorsed by the Neurocritical Care Society (NCS), was rapidly established to address this need in a tiered approach. Tier-1 consists of focused, pragmatic, low-cost, observational common data element (CDE) collection, which can be launched immediately at many sites in the first phase of this pandemic and is designed for expedited ethical board review with waiver-of-consent. Tier 2 consists of prospective functional and cognitive outcomes assessments with more detailed clinical, laboratory and radiographic data collection that would require informed consent. Tier 3 overlays Tiers 1 and 2 with experimental molecular, electrophysiology, pathology and imaging studies with longitudinal outcomes assessment and would require centers with specific resources. A multicenter pediatrics core has developed and launched a parallel study focusing on patients ages <18 years. Study sites are eligible for participation if they provide clinical care to COVID-19 patients and are able to conduct patient-oriented research under approval of an internal or global ethics committee. Hospitalized pediatric and adult patients with SARS-CoV-2 and with acute neurological signs or symptoms are eligible to participate. The primary study outcome is the overall prevalence of neurological complications among hospitalized COVID-19 patients, which will be calculated by pooled estimates of each neurological finding divided by the average census of COVID-19 positive patients over the study period. Secondary outcomes include: in-hospital, 30 and 90-day morality, discharge modified Rankin score, ventilator-free survival, ventilator days, discharge disposition, and hospital length of stay. Results: In a one-month period (3/27/20-4/27/20) the GCS-NeuroCOVID consortium was able to recruit 71 adult study sites, representing 17 countries and 5 continents and 34 pediatrics study sites. Conclusions: This is one of the first large-scale global research collaboratives urgently assembled to evaluate acute neurological events in the context of a pandemic. The innovative and pragmatic tiered study approach has allowed for rapid recruitment and activation of numerous sites across the world-an approach essential to capture real-time critical neurological data to inform treatment strategies in this pandemic crisis.
MeSH term(s)	Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/complications ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/therapy ; Humans ; Nervous System Diseases/diagnosis ; Nervous System Diseases/epidemiology ; Nervous System Diseases/virology ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/complications ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/therapy ; Pragmatic Clinical Trials as Topic ; Prevalence ; Research Design ; Risk Factors ; SARS-CoV-2
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2381896-7
ISSN	1556-0961 ; 1541-6933
ISSN (online)	1556-0961
ISSN	1541-6933
DOI	10.1007/s12028-020-00995-3
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Article ; Online: nCoV-2019 infection induced neurological outcome and manifestation, linking its historical ancestor SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV

Ajay Prakash / Harvinder Singh / Phulen Sarma / Anusuya Bhattacharyya / Deba Prasad Dhibar / Neeraj Balaini / Ritu Shree / Manoj Goyal / Manish Modi / Bikash Medhi

Scientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 Volume 15

Abstract: ... patients and assessed the predominance of various neurological signs and symptoms in COVID-19 patients ... signs and symptoms of neurological manifestation in COVID-19 positive patients which will further help in early ... studies and case reports which revealed neurological signs and symptoms in SARS-COV-2 disease ...

Abstract	Abstract The first systematic review and meta-analysis to help clinician to identify early signs and symptoms of neurological manifestation in COVID-19 positive patients which will further help in early management of patients. Present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to discuss the prevalence of neurological involvement of the 2019-nCoV patients and assess the symptomatic trend of events as compared to the 2002 “SARS” and 2012 “MERS” pandemics. The articles were systematically screened through several search engine and databases. The articles published or in preprint were included in the study till 15th May 2020. The systematic review done as per the published literatures which included 31 cross sectional, observational studies and case reports which revealed neurological signs and symptoms in SARS-COV-2 disease. For meta-analysis, we included 09 observational and cross-sectional studies which included COVID-19 positive patients and assessed the predominance of various neurological signs and symptoms in COVID-19 patients with relation to SARS-2002 and MERS-2012. Data was analyzed by using the “MedCalc” Statistical Software version 19.2.6 and reported as pooled prevalence. Standard I2 test was used to analyze the heterogeneity. We have collected and screened about a total 2615articles, finally we have included 31articles for the systematic review and 09 for meta-analysis as per the inclusion/exclusion criteria. The analysis was made as per the prevalence rate of neurological symptoms in COVID-19 positive patients. The cumulative neurological outcome of SARS-2002 and MERS-2012 was assessed to get the trends which was further tried to correlate the events with the current pandemic. During the analysis severity and outcome of neurological manifestations range from simple headache to vague non-focal complaints to severe neurologic impairment associated with seizure or meningitis. Central and peripheral nervous system (CNS/PNS) manifestations were seen during the SARS-2002, MERS-2012 and COVID-19. However, none of the publication had primary or secondary objectives of searching neurological manifestations in the COVID-19 patients and the pathogenic mechanism which will subsequently strengthen the importance to start more prospective clinical trials. The prevalence of neurological signs and symptoms were taken as primary objective. Thereafter, the prevalence of each CNS/PNS symptoms was categorized and their prevalence studied. The selection of Bagheri et al., 2020 may be discussed because they have done the cross-sectional study with the neurological finding and correlated the data with prevalence of the COVID-19 positive patients. The proportion of patients presenting with neurological outcome and clinical/PCR positivity were done. We had searched and followed all the possible online/web source, still the data collection process may remain a limitation of work due to addition of several publications on COVID-19 every day. Due to lack of data of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, we have included the case reports, MERS and COVID-19 in CNS/PNS manifestations.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Global Consortium Study of Neurological Dysfunction in COVID-19 (GCS-NeuroCOVID): Study Design and Rationale

Neurocrit Care

Abstract: ... if they provide clinical care to COVID-19 patients and are able to conduct patient-oriented research under ... of COVID-19 neurological syndromes is urgently needed. METHODS: The Global Consortium to Study ... 19 positive patients over the study period. Secondary outcomes include: in-hospital, 30 and 90-day ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: As the COVID-19 pandemic developed, reports of neurological dysfunctions spanning the central and peripheral nervous systems have emerged. The spectrum of acute neurological dysfunctions may implicate direct viral invasion, para-infectious complications, neurological manifestations of systemic diseases, or co-incident neurological dysfunction in the context of high SARS-CoV-2 prevalence. A rapid and pragmatic approach to understanding the prevalence, phenotypes, pathophysiology and prognostic implications of COVID-19 neurological syndromes is urgently needed. METHODS: The Global Consortium to Study Neurological dysfunction in COVID-19 (GCS-NeuroCOVID), endorsed by the Neurocritical Care Society (NCS), was rapidly established to address this need in a tiered approach. Tier-1 consists of focused, pragmatic, low-cost, observational common data element (CDE) collection, which can be launched immediately at many sites in the first phase of this pandemic and is designed for expedited ethical board review with waiver-of-consent. Tier 2 consists of prospective functional and cognitive outcomes assessments with more detailed clinical, laboratory and radiographic data collection that would require informed consent. Tier 3 overlays Tiers 1 and 2 with experimental molecular, electrophysiology, pathology and imaging studies with longitudinal outcomes assessment and would require centers with specific resources. A multicenter pediatrics core has developed and launched a parallel study focusing on patients ages <18 years. Study sites are eligible for participation if they provide clinical care to COVID-19 patients and are able to conduct patient-oriented research under approval of an internal or global ethics committee. Hospitalized pediatric and adult patients with SARS-CoV-2 and with acute neurological signs or symptoms are eligible to participate. The primary study outcome is the overall prevalence of neurological complications among hospitalized COVID-19 patients, which will be calculated by pooled estimates of each neurological finding divided by the average census of COVID-19 positive patients over the study period. Secondary outcomes include: in-hospital, 30 and 90-day morality, discharge modified Rankin score, ventilator-free survival, ventilator days, discharge disposition, and hospital length of stay. RESULTS: In a one-month period (3/27/20-4/27/20) the GCS-NeuroCOVID consortium was able to recruit 71 adult study sites, representing 17 countries and 5 continents and 34 pediatrics study sites. CONCLUSIONS: This is one of the first large-scale global research collaboratives urgently assembled to evaluate acute neurological events in the context of a pandemic. The innovative and pragmatic tiered study approach has allowed for rapid recruitment and activation of numerous sites across the world-an approach essential to capture real-time critical neurological data to inform treatment strategies in this pandemic crisis.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #343169
Database	COVID19

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Inter-library loan at ZB MED