Article ; Online: High fitness levels, frequent sauna bathing and risk of pneumonia in a cohort study: Are there potential implications for COVID-19?
European journal of clinical investigation
2021 Volume 51, Issue 3, Page(s) e13490
Abstract: ... associations of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and frequency of sauna bathing (FSB) with pneumonia risk ... Conclusions: In a general male Caucasian population, a combination of high fitness levels and frequent sauna ... physical activity and passive heat therapy on the risk of COVID-19, a respiratory infectious disease ...
| Abstract | Background: There is an ongoing debate on a potential protective role of habitual physical activity and passive heat therapy on the risk of COVID-19, a respiratory infectious disease that can manifest as severe pneumonia. To explore these putative roles, we evaluated the independent and joint associations of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and frequency of sauna bathing (FSB) with pneumonia risk in a prospective cohort study of 2275 men aged 42-61 years at recruitment. Material and methods: Objectively measured CRF and self-reported sauna bathing habits were assessed at baseline. CRF was categorized as low and high (median cut-offs) and FSB as low and high (defined as ≤1 and 2-7 sessions/wk, respectively). Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for incident pneumonia. Results: During a median follow-up of 26.6 years, 529 cases of pneumonia occurred. Comparing high vs low CRF, the multivariable-adjusted HR (95% CIs) for pneumonia was 0.75 (0.61-0.91). Comparing high vs low FSB, the corresponding HR was 0.81 (0.68-0.97). Compared to men with low CRF & low FSB, the multivariable-adjusted HRs of pneumonia for the following groups: high CRF & low FSB; low CRF & high FSB; and high CRF & high FSB were 0.88 (0.65-1.20), 0.89 (0.71-1.13), and 0.62 (0.48-0.80) respectively. Conclusions: In a general male Caucasian population, a combination of high fitness levels and frequent sauna baths is associated with a substantially lowered future pneumonia risk compared with each modality alone. The implications of these findings in altering COVID-19 disease or its severity deserve study. |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MeSH term(s) | COVID-19/epidemiology ; Cardiorespiratory Fitness ; Cohort Studies ; Finland/epidemiology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Pneumonia/epidemiology ; Prospective Studies ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Safety Management ; Steam Bath/statistics & numerical data | |||||
| Language | English | |||||
| Publishing date | 2021-01-22 | |||||
| Publishing country | England | |||||
| Document type | Journal Article | |||||
| ZDB-ID | 186196-7 | |||||
| ISSN | 1365-2362 ; 0014-2972 ; 0960-135X | |||||
| ISSN (online) | 1365-2362 | |||||
| ISSN | 0014-2972 ; 0960-135X | |||||
| DOI | 10.1111/eci.13490 | |||||
| Shelf mark |
|
|||||
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
Full text online
More links
Kategorien
In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter
| Zs.A 677: Show issues | Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG) |
Order via subito
This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.