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  1. Article ; Online: Patient-reported olfactory recovery after SARS-CoV-2 infection: A 6-month follow-up study.

    Lucidi, Daniela / Molinari, Giulia / Silvestri, Martina / De Corso, Eugenio / Guaraldi, Giovanni / Mussini, Cristina / Presutti, Livio / Fernandez, Ignacio Javier

    International forum of allergy & rhinology

    2021  Volume 11, Issue 8, Page(s) 1249–1252

    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Anosmia/physiopathology ; COVID-19/complications ; COVID-19/physiopathology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Patient Reported Outcome Measures ; Risk Factors ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Smell/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Observational Study
    ZDB-ID 2625826-2
    ISSN 2042-6984 ; 2042-6976
    ISSN (online) 2042-6984
    ISSN 2042-6976
    DOI 10.1002/alr.22775
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Evaluating long-term smell or taste dysfunction in mildly symptomatic COVID-19 patients: a 3-year follow-up study.

    Boscolo-Rizzo, Paolo / Spinato, Giacomo / Hopkins, Claire / Marzolino, Riccardo / Cavicchia, Angelo / Zucchini, Simone / Borsetto, Daniele / Lechien, Jerome R / Vaira, Luigi Angelo / Tirelli, Giancarlo

    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery

    2023  Volume 280, Issue 12, Page(s) 5625–5630

    Abstract: ... follow-up.: Conclusion: Among subjects with antecedent mildly symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection, the 3 ... rates of self-reported COVID-19-related olfactory and gustatory dysfunction. The aim of the present study was to estimate ... while 56 (13.9%), 29 (7.2%), and 21 (5.2%) reported such alterations at 6-24 months, 2 years, and 3 years ...

    Abstract Introduction: No studies have reported data on 3-year prevalence and recovery rates of self-reported COVID-19-related olfactory and gustatory dysfunction. The aim of the present study was to estimate the 3-year prevalence and recovery rate of self-reported COVID-19-related chemosensory dysfunction in a cohort of patients with antecedent mild COVID-19.
    Methods: This is a prospective observational study, measuring the prevalence of altered sense of smell or taste at follow-up and their variation from baseline, on adult patients consecutively assessed at Treviso and Trieste University Hospitals, who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA by polymerase chain reaction during March 2020.
    Results: Overall, out of 403 respondents, 267 patients (66.3%) reported an altered sense of smell or taste (SNOT-22 > 0) at baseline, while 56 (13.9%), 29 (7.2%), and 21 (5.2%) reported such alterations at 6-24 months, 2 years, and 3 years, respectively. Among the 267 patients with COVID-19-associated smell or taste dysfunction at baseline, 246 (92.1%) reported complete resolution at 3 years. Of the patients who still experienced smell or taste dysfunction 2 years after COVID-19, 27.6% and 37.9% recovered completely and partially, respectively, at the 3-year follow-up.
    Conclusion: Among subjects with antecedent mildly symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection, the 3-year prevalence and recovery rate of COVID-19-related alteration in sense of smell or taste was 5% and 92%, respectively. In approximately two-thirds of patients experiencing chemosensory dysfunction still 2 years after COVID-19, it is still possible to observe a delayed complete or partial recovery after a period of 3 years, while the remaining one-third of individuals continues to have unchanged persistent chemosensory alteration.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; COVID-19/complications ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Smell ; Follow-Up Studies ; SARS-CoV-2 ; RNA, Viral ; Olfaction Disorders/diagnosis ; Olfaction Disorders/epidemiology ; Olfaction Disorders/etiology ; Taste Disorders/epidemiology ; Taste Disorders/etiology ; Taste
    Chemical Substances RNA, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-16
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Observational Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1017359-6
    ISSN 1434-4726 ; 0937-4477
    ISSN (online) 1434-4726
    ISSN 0937-4477
    DOI 10.1007/s00405-023-08227-y
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Prevalence and 24-month recovery of olfactory dysfunction in COVID-19 patients: A multicentre prospective study.

    Lechien, Jerome R / Vaira, Luigi A / Saussez, Sven

    Journal of internal medicine

    2022  Volume 293, Issue 1, Page(s) 82–90

    Abstract: ... scores at the end of the follow-up. Parosmia occurred more frequently in young patients. The olfactory ... patient-reported outcome questionnaires and odour identification tests at baseline, 6, 12, 18 and 24 ... postinfection (r: Conclusion: Two years post-COVID-19, 29.8% of patients reported persistent OD, but only 2.9 ...

    Abstract Objective: To investigate the prevalence and recovery of olfactory dysfunction (OD) in COVID-19 patients 24 months after the infection.
    Methods: From 22 March 2020 to 5 June 2022, 251 COVID-19 patients were followed in three European medical centres. Olfactory function was assessed with subjective patient-reported outcome questionnaires and odour identification tests at baseline, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months postinfection. The predictive values of epidemiological and clinical data were investigated with multivariate analysis.
    Results: One hundred and seventy-one patients completed the evaluations. The odour identification test revealed that 123 patients (50.8%) had OD at baseline. The prevalence of persistent psychophysical abnormalities at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months post-COVID-19 was 24.2%, 17.9%, 5.8% and 2.9%, respectively (p = 0.001). Parosmia occurred in 40 patients (23.4%) and lasted 60 ± 119 days. At 2 years, 51 patients (29.8%) self reported that their olfaction was unnormalised. Older patients had better odour identification evaluations at baseline (p < 0.001) but those with OD reported lower odour identification test scores at the end of the follow-up. Parosmia occurred more frequently in young patients. The olfactory training was significantly associated with higher values of Sniffin' Sticks tests at 18 months postinfection (r
    Conclusion: Two years post-COVID-19, 29.8% of patients reported persistent OD, but only 2.9% had abnormal identification psychophysical evaluations.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Smell ; COVID-19/complications ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Prospective Studies ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Prevalence ; Olfaction Disorders/epidemiology ; Olfaction Disorders/etiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Multicenter Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 96274-0
    ISSN 1365-2796 ; 0954-6820
    ISSN (online) 1365-2796
    ISSN 0954-6820
    DOI 10.1111/joim.13564
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Long-lasting olfactory dysfunction in COVID-19 patients.

    Prem, Bernhard / Liu, David T / Besser, Gerold / Sharma, Gunjan / Dultinger, Laura E / Hofer, Sissy V / Matiasczyk, Martina M / Renner, Bertold / Mueller, Christian A

    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery

    2021  Volume 279, Issue 7, Page(s) 3485–3492

    Abstract: ... At follow-up testing, 73.5% of patients reported improvement, 5.9% deterioration, and 20.6% no change in OD ... Although many patients have been reported to regain olfactory function within the first month, long-term observation ... Conclusion: Our results show that long-lasting OD after SARS-CoV-2 infection is a common symptom ...

    Abstract Objectives: Olfactory dysfunction (OD) is a common symptom of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Although many patients have been reported to regain olfactory function within the first month, long-term observation reports vary. Therefore, we aimed to assess the course of chemosensory function in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 within 3-15 months after the infection.
    Methods: One hundred and two patients (71 females and 31 males; mean age 38.8 years) diagnosed with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 and subjective OD participated in this single-center study 111-457 days after onset of OD. Patients first performed chemosensory tests at home, followed by psychophysical testing (Sniffin' Sticks (TDI), 27-item Candy Smell Test (CST), Taste Strips Test (TST)) in the clinic. Questionnaires regarding importance of olfaction (IOQ) and olfactory-specific quality of life (QOD) were applied at both timepoints.
    Results: After a mean 216 days (SD 73; range 111-457) between OD onset and follow-up testing, the mean Sniffin' Sticks (TDI) score was 27.1 points (SD 5.8; range 4.25-38.5): 4.0% were anosmic, 72.5% hyposmic, and 23.5% normosmic. At follow-up testing, 73.5% of patients reported improvement, 5.9% deterioration, and 20.6% no change in OD. Moreover, full recovery of self-perceived smell, flavor, and taste was not observed. According to questionnaires, the individual importance of smell did not change, but participants showed improvement in OD-related quality of life (p < 0.001) and had increased parosmia scores (p = 0.014) at follow-up.
    Conclusion: Our results show that long-lasting OD after SARS-CoV-2 infection is a common symptom. The majority of patients had OD in the range of hyposmia, which was confirmed by comprehensive smell tests.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; COVID-19/complications ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Olfaction Disorders/diagnosis ; Olfaction Disorders/etiology ; Quality of Life ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Smell
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-10
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1017359-6
    ISSN 1434-4726 ; 0937-4477
    ISSN (online) 1434-4726
    ISSN 0937-4477
    DOI 10.1007/s00405-021-07153-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Self-reported olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions in COVID-19 patients: a 1-year follow-up study in Foggia district, Italy.

    Fortunato, Francesca / Martinelli, Domenico / Iannelli, Giuseppina / Milazzo, Marica / Farina, Umberto / Di Matteo, Gabriella / De Nittis, Rosella / Ascatigno, Leonardo / Cassano, Michele / Lopalco, Pier Luigi / Prato, Rosa

    BMC infectious diseases

    2022  Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 77

    Abstract: ... sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, data regarding the long-term recovery of the sense of smell and ... The persistence of COVID-19-related olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions up to 12 months after the disease onset ... CI 15.6-28.1%), loss of both in 17.4% (n = 31, 95% CI 12.2-23.8%) of participants in the follow-up ...

    Abstract Background: From the initial stages of the pandemic in early 2020, COVID-19-related olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions have been widely reported and are emerging as one of the most frequent long-term sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, data regarding the long-term recovery of the sense of smell and taste are lacking. This study aimed to characterize the evolution up to one year after the diagnosis of self-reported olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions in COVID-19 cases.
    Methods: Based on the data of the active surveillance platform of the Apulia region, Italy, we selected the residents of Foggia district who were confirmed positive for SARS-CoV-2 from March 1st to June 16th, 2020, and home-quarantined with paucisymptomatic-to-mild clinical presentation. Self-reported olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions were recorded at baseline through a survey of dichotomous questions. The evolution of these symptoms at approximately one year was prospectively assessed via telephone by the validated sino-nasal outcome test 22 (SNOT-22, Italian version).
    Results: Among the 1,175 COVID-19 cases notified in the Foggia district during the first epidemic wave, 488 had paucisymptomatic-to-mild clinical presentation. Of these, 41.2% (n = 201, 95% confidence interval [CI] 36.8-45.7%) reported at least one sensory dysfunction. A total of 178 to 201 (88.5%) patients agreed to participate in the follow-up survey. According to the SNOT-22 results, the persistence of a sensory dysfunction was observed in the 29.8% (n = 53, 95% CI 23.2-37.1%) of them. Particularly, loss of smell persisted in 25.8% (n = 46, 95% CI 19.6-32.9%), loss of taste in 21.3% (n = 38, 95% CI 15.6-28.1%), loss of both in 17.4% (n = 31, 95% CI 12.2-23.8%) of participants in the follow-up. The rates of full recovery increased over time: from 59% at 30 days to 71.9% at 90 days for the sense of smell; from 61.3% at 30 days to 74.7% at 90 days for the sense of taste.
    Conclusions: The persistence of COVID-19-related olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions up to 12 months after the disease onset in a noteworthy proportion (approximately 3 out of 10) of patients with paucisymptomatic-to-mild clinical presentation deserves further investigations due to its possible pathophysiological implications and impact on the quality of life.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Italy/epidemiology ; Olfaction Disorders/diagnosis ; Olfaction Disorders/epidemiology ; Olfaction Disorders/etiology ; Quality of Life ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Self Report ; Smell
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2041550-3
    ISSN 1471-2334 ; 1471-2334
    ISSN (online) 1471-2334
    ISSN 1471-2334
    DOI 10.1186/s12879-022-07052-8
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Persisting Smell and Taste Disorders in Patients Who Recovered from SARS-CoV-2 Virus Infection-Data from the Polish PoLoCOV-CVD Study.

    Chudzik, Michał / Babicki, Mateusz / Mastalerz-Migas, Agnieszka / Kapusta, Joanna

    Viruses

    2022  Volume 14, Issue 8

    Abstract: ... taste disorders (STDs) in a group of convalescent patients after infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus and ... patients reported persistent smell and taste disorders up to three months after the end of isolation (67.4 ... In the majority of cases, patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus experience a complete ...

    Abstract In the majority of cases, patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus experience a complete resolution of symptoms within six weeks of acquiring the infection, but an increasing number of patients report persistent symptoms. This study aimed to analyse the prevalence of self-reported smell and/or taste disorders (STDs) in a group of convalescent patients after infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus and to identify risk factors for the disease. The study included 2218 COVID-19 convalescents after both inpatient and outpatient treatment. The sample group was analysed with regard to chronic diseases, place of isolation and clinical symptoms occurring during COVID-19 along with their duration. The assessment also included the most common symptoms of COVID-19 and the severity of the disease course. A total of 98 patients reported persistent smell and taste disorders up to three months after the end of isolation (67.4% of men and 32.6% of women). The mean age of the participants was 53.8 ± 13.5 years (49.19 ± 14.68 in patients with an STD vs. 54.01 ± 13.44 in patients without an STD). The patients treated for COVID-19 at home (p < 0.001) constituted almost the entire group of patients with persistent smell and taste disorders (97%). Among the patients with persistent smell and taste disorders, 57.1% suffered from at least one chronic condition (vs. 71.4% of patients without an STD). In patients with an STD, the number of symptoms per patient was higher than in the other group at 8.87 ± 3.65 (p = 0.018), while the most common clinical symptoms during the acute phase of COVID-19 were smell and taste disorders (84%) (p < 0.001), significant weakness (70%), headache (60%), cough (55%), arthralgia (51%) (p = 0.034) and back muscle pain (51%). Based on the results obtained, the following conclusions were drawn: the risk of developing persistent smell and taste disorders after COVID-19 is greater in younger people with less comorbidities and a higher number of symptoms during the acute phase of COVID-19. The risk is associated with clinical symptoms occurring during the acute phase of COVID-19, i.e., smell and taste disorders and arthralgia. In addition, this risk is higher in patients receiving outpatient treatment for COVID-19.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Arthralgia ; COVID-19/complications ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/complications ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Olfaction Disorders/diagnosis ; Olfaction Disorders/epidemiology ; Olfaction Disorders/etiology ; Poland/epidemiology ; SARS-CoV-2/pathogenicity ; Smell ; Taste Disorders/diagnosis ; Taste Disorders/epidemiology ; Taste Disorders/etiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-12
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2516098-9
    ISSN 1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
    ISSN (online) 1999-4915
    ISSN 1999-4915
    DOI 10.3390/v14081763
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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