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Article ; Online: Genetic risks and association with severe COVID-19 among global populations.

Mauleekoonphairoj, John / Vongpunsawad, Sompong / Khongphatthanayothin, Apichai / Nademanee, Koonlawee / Poovorawan, Yong

Pathogens and global health

2021 Volume 115, Issue 4, Page(s) 209–210

MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/genetics ; COVID-19/pathology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Global Health ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2625162-0
ISSN	2047-7732 ; 2047-7724
ISSN (online)	2047-7732
ISSN	2047-7724
DOI	10.1080/20477724.2021.1881371
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Article ; Online: The role of HLA genetic variants in COVID-19 susceptibility, severity, and mortality: A global review.

Hoseinnezhad, Taraneh / Soltani, Nasrin / Ziarati, Sarina / Behboudi, Emad / Mousavi, Mohammad Javad

Journal of clinical laboratory analysis

2024 Volume 38, Issue 1-2, Page(s) e25005

Abstract: ... the association between HLA genetic variants and COVID-19 outcomes. Additionally, we analyzed allelic frequency ... data from diverse populations to assess differences in COVID-19 incidence and severity.: Results ... Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound global impact, with variations ...

Abstract	Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound global impact, with variations in susceptibility, severity, and mortality rates across different regions. While many factors can contribute to the spread and impact of the disease, specifically human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genetic variants have emerged as potential contributors to COVID-19 outcomes. Methods: In this comprehensive narrative review, we conducted a thorough literature search to identify relevant studies investigating the association between HLA genetic variants and COVID-19 outcomes. Additionally, we analyzed allelic frequency data from diverse populations to assess differences in COVID-19 incidence and severity. Results: Our review provides insights into the immunological mechanisms involving HLA-mediated responses to COVID-19 and highlights potential research directions and therapeutic interventions. We found evidence suggesting that certain HLA alleles, such as HLA-A02, may confer a lower risk of COVID-19, while others, like HLA-C04, may increase the risk of severe symptoms and mortality. Furthermore, our analysis of allele frequency distributions revealed significant variations among different populations. Conclusion: Considering host genetic variations, particularly HLA genetic variants, is crucial for understanding COVID-19 susceptibility and severity. These findings have implications for personalized treatment and interventions based on an individual's genetic profile. However, further research is needed to unravel the precise mechanisms underlying the observed associations and explore the potential for targeted therapies or preventive measures based on HLA genetic variants.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; COVID-19/genetics ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; Pandemics ; Gene Frequency/genetics
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	645095-7
ISSN	1098-2825 ; 0887-8013
ISSN (online)	1098-2825
ISSN	0887-8013
DOI	10.1002/jcla.25005
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Article ; Online: Genetic polymorphism between the Sorani and Hawrami kurdish populations and COVID-19 outcome.

Rashid, Peshnyar M A / Salih, Gaza F

Molecular biology reports

2023 Volume 50, Issue 6, Page(s) 5177–5183

Abstract: Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic, and mortality and clinical ... transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3) and interluken-6 (IL6) genes were associated with the severity of COVID-19 ... consequences vary across countries. One of the factors influencing COVID-19 outcomes is genetic ...

Abstract	Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic, and mortality and clinical consequences vary across countries. One of the factors influencing COVID-19 outcomes is genetic polymorphism. Two Kurdish populations, Sorani and Hawrami, live in the Sulaimani province of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. It seems Hawrami had a milder COVID-19 outcome. According to previous research conducted on various ethnic groups across the globe, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3) and interluken-6 (IL6) genes were associated with the severity of COVID-19 in those populations. Methods and results: We hypothesized that Hawrami may have protective SNPs. So, in this study, we used DNA sequencing to genotype three IFITM3 SNPs and nine IL6 SNPs by DNA sequencing to investigate the association of Sorani and Hawrami population polymorphisms. Genotype AA for the rs12252 SNP in IFITM3 was insignificantly more common in the Sorani group (54% vs. 44%). The Hawrami population showed a higher percentage of the CC genotype of the rs34481144 SNP in the IFITM3 gene (62% vs. 44.3%) and a higher proportion of the non-risky GG genotype of the rs1800795 SNP in the IL6 gene (53.4 vs. 43.3); however, the SNPs were insignificantly associated between the two populations. Conclusions: IFITM3 and IL6 SNPs have no statistically significant association between the two Kurdish populations. The decreased proportion of non-risk alleles at rs34481144 and rs1800795 in the Hawrami population may partially support the research hypothesis. However, contrary to our hypothesis, the Sorani group had an insignificantly higher protective variant of the rs12252 SNP.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Interleukin-6/genetics ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; Influenza, Human ; COVID-19/genetics ; Genotype ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics
Chemical Substances	Interleukin-6 ; Membrane Proteins ; RNA-Binding Proteins ; IFITM3 protein, human
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-29
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	186544-4
ISSN	1573-4978 ; 0301-4851
ISSN (online)	1573-4978
ISSN	0301-4851
DOI	10.1007/s11033-023-08448-8
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Article ; Online: Evaluation of the genetic risk for COVID-19 outcomes in COPD and differences among worldwide populations.

Marçalo, Rui / Neto, Sonya / Pinheiro, Miguel / Rodrigues, Ana J / Sousa, Nuno / Santos, Manuel A S / Simão, Paula / Valente, Carla / Andrade, Lília / Marques, Alda / Moura, Gabriela R

PloS one

2022 Volume 17, Issue 2, Page(s) e0264009

Abstract: ... differences from the European population in genetic risk for both COVID-19 susceptibility and severity (all p ... to COVID-19 infection (rs286914 and rs12329760) and severe COVID-19 with respiratory failure (rs657152 and ... survival to COVID-19 infection.: Findings: No differences in genetic risk for COVID-19 susceptibility ...

Abstract	Background: Populations seem to respond differently to the global pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Recent studies show individual variability in both susceptibility and clinical response to COVID-19 infection. People with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) constitute one of COVID-19 risk groups, being already associated with a poor prognosis upon infection. This study aims contributing to unveil the underlying reasons for such prognosis in people with COPD and the variability in the response observed across worldwide populations, by looking at the genetic background as a possible answer to COVID-19 infection response heterogeneity. Methods: SNPs already associated with susceptibility to COVID-19 infection (rs286914 and rs12329760) and severe COVID-19 with respiratory failure (rs657152 and rs11385942) were assessed and their allelic frequencies used to calculate the probability of having multiple risk alleles. This was performed on a Portuguese case-control COPD cohort, previously clinically characterized and genotyped from saliva samples, and also on worldwide populations (European, Spanish, Italian, African, American and Asian), using publicly available frequencies data. A polygenic risk analysis was also conducted on the Portuguese COPD cohort for the two mentioned phenotypes, and also for hospitalization and survival to COVID-19 infection. Findings: No differences in genetic risk for COVID-19 susceptibility, hospitalization, severity or survival were found between people with COPD and the control group (all p-values > 0.01), either considering risk alleles individually, allelic combinations or polygenic risk scores. All populations, even those with European ancestry (Portuguese, Spanish and Italian), showed significant differences from the European population in genetic risk for both COVID-19 susceptibility and severity (all p-values < 0.0001). Conclusion: Our results indicate a low genetic contribution for COVID-19 infection predisposition or worse outcomes observed in people with COPD. Also, our study unveiled a high genetic heterogeneity across major world populations for the same alleles, even within European sub-populations, demonstrating the need to build a higher resolution European genetic map, so that differences in the distribution of relevant alleles can be easily accessed and used to better manage diseases, ultimately, safeguarding populations with higher genetic predisposition to such diseases.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Alleles ; COVID-19/complications ; COVID-19/genetics ; COVID-19/pathology ; COVID-19/virology ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phenotype ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Portugal ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/complications ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/diagnosis ; Respiratory Insufficiency/etiology ; Risk Factors ; SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification ; Severity of Illness Index ; Survival Analysis ; Whites/genetics
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0264009
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Evaluation of the genetic risk for COVID-19 outcomes in COPD and differences among worldwide populations

Rui Marçalo / Sonya Neto / Miguel Pinheiro / Ana J. Rodrigues / Nuno Sousa / Manuel A. S. Santos / Paula Simão / Carla Valente / Lília Andrade / Alda Marques / Gabriela R. Moura

PLoS ONE, Vol 17, Iss

2022 Volume 2

Abstract: ... differences from the European population in genetic risk for both COVID-19 susceptibility and severity (all p ... 19 infection (rs286914 and rs12329760) and severe COVID-19 with respiratory failure (rs657152 and ... survival to COVID-19 infection. Findings No differences in genetic risk for COVID-19 susceptibility ...

Abstract	Background Populations seem to respond differently to the global pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Recent studies show individual variability in both susceptibility and clinical response to COVID-19 infection. People with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) constitute one of COVID-19 risk groups, being already associated with a poor prognosis upon infection. This study aims contributing to unveil the underlying reasons for such prognosis in people with COPD and the variability in the response observed across worldwide populations, by looking at the genetic background as a possible answer to COVID-19 infection response heterogeneity. Methods SNPs already associated with susceptibility to COVID-19 infection (rs286914 and rs12329760) and severe COVID-19 with respiratory failure (rs657152 and rs11385942) were assessed and their allelic frequencies used to calculate the probability of having multiple risk alleles. This was performed on a Portuguese case-control COPD cohort, previously clinically characterized and genotyped from saliva samples, and also on worldwide populations (European, Spanish, Italian, African, American and Asian), using publicly available frequencies data. A polygenic risk analysis was also conducted on the Portuguese COPD cohort for the two mentioned phenotypes, and also for hospitalization and survival to COVID-19 infection. Findings No differences in genetic risk for COVID-19 susceptibility, hospitalization, severity or survival were found between people with COPD and the control group (all p-values > 0.01), either considering risk alleles individually, allelic combinations or polygenic risk scores. All populations, even those with European ancestry (Portuguese, Spanish and Italian), showed significant differences from the European population in genetic risk for both COVID-19 susceptibility and severity (all p-values < 0.0001). Conclusion Our results indicate a low genetic contribution for COVID-19 infection predisposition or worse outcomes observed in ...
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Evaluation of the genetic risk for COVID-19 outcomes in COPD and differences among worldwide populations.

Rui Marçalo / Sonya Neto / Miguel Pinheiro / Ana J Rodrigues / Nuno Sousa / Manuel A S Santos / Paula Simão / Carla Valente / Lília Andrade / Alda Marques / Gabriela R Moura

PLoS ONE, Vol 17, Iss 2, p e

2022 Volume 0264009

Abstract	Background Populations seem to respond differently to the global pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Recent studies show individual variability in both susceptibility and clinical response to COVID-19 infection. People with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) constitute one of COVID-19 risk groups, being already associated with a poor prognosis upon infection. This study aims contributing to unveil the underlying reasons for such prognosis in people with COPD and the variability in the response observed across worldwide populations, by looking at the genetic background as a possible answer to COVID-19 infection response heterogeneity. Methods SNPs already associated with susceptibility to COVID-19 infection (rs286914 and rs12329760) and severe COVID-19 with respiratory failure (rs657152 and rs11385942) were assessed and their allelic frequencies used to calculate the probability of having multiple risk alleles. This was performed on a Portuguese case-control COPD cohort, previously clinically characterized and genotyped from saliva samples, and also on worldwide populations (European, Spanish, Italian, African, American and Asian), using publicly available frequencies data. A polygenic risk analysis was also conducted on the Portuguese COPD cohort for the two mentioned phenotypes, and also for hospitalization and survival to COVID-19 infection. Findings No differences in genetic risk for COVID-19 susceptibility, hospitalization, severity or survival were found between people with COPD and the control group (all p-values > 0.01), either considering risk alleles individually, allelic combinations or polygenic risk scores. All populations, even those with European ancestry (Portuguese, Spanish and Italian), showed significant differences from the European population in genetic risk for both COVID-19 susceptibility and severity (all p-values < 0.0001). Conclusion Our results indicate a low genetic contribution for COVID-19 infection predisposition or worse outcomes observed in ...
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Genetic association of TMPRSS2 rs2070788 polymorphism with COVID-19 Case Fatality Rate among Indian populations

PANDEY, RUDRA KUMAR / Srivastava, Anshika / Singh, Prajjval Pratap / Chaubey, Gyaneshwer

bioRxiv

Abstract: ... useful in underscoring the role of the TMPRSS2 variant in COVID-19 susceptibility and using ... sharing and structure of TMPRSS2 among global populations have not been studied so far ... SARS-CoV2, the causative agent for COVID-19, an ongoing pandemic, engages the ACE2 receptor ...

Abstract	SARS-CoV2, the causative agent for COVID-19, an ongoing pandemic, engages the ACE2 receptor to enter the host cell through S protein priming by a serine protease, TMPRSS2. Variation in the TMPRSS2 gene may account for the difference in population disease susceptibility. The haplotype-based genetic sharing and structure of TMPRSS2 among global populations have not been studied so far. Therefore, in the present work, we used this approach with a focus on South Asia to study the haplotypes and their sharing among various populations worldwide. We have used next-generation sequencing data of 393 individuals and analysed the TMPRSS2 gene. Our analysis of genetic relatedness for this gene showed a closer affinity of South Asians with the West Eurasian populations therefore, host disease susceptibility and severity particularly in the context of TMPRSS2 will be more akin to West Eurasian instead of East Eurasian. This is in contrast to our prior study on ACE2 gene which shows South Asian haplotypes have a strong affinity towards West Eurasians. Thus ACE2 and TMPRSS2 have an antagonistic genetic relatedness among South Asians. We have also tested the SNPs frequencies of this gene among various Indian state populations with respect to the case fatality rate. Interestingly, we found a significant positive association between the rs2070788 SNP (G Allele) and the case fatality rate in India. It has been shown that the GG genotype of rs2070788 allele tends to have a higher expression of TMPRSS2 in the lung compared to the AG and AA genotypes, thus it might play a vital part in determining differential disease vulnerability. We trust that this information will be useful in underscoring the role of the TMPRSS2 variant in COVID-19 susceptibility and using it as a biomarker may help to predict populations at risk.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-05
Publisher	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2021.10.04.463014
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: The impact of ACE2 genetic polymorphisms (rs2106809 and rs2074192) on gender susceptibility to COVID-19 infection and recovery

Ahmed A. Suleiman / Tamadher A. Rafaa / Ali M. Alrawi / Mustafa F. Dawood

Baghdad Journal of Biochemistry and Applied Biological Sciences, Vol 2, Iss 03, Pp 167-

A systematic review

2021 Volume 180

Abstract: ... because of the expression of ACE2 receptor. It has a double role in favour of COVID-19 and against COVID-19. Conclusions ... genotype distribution between males and females in various global populations whereas mutant variants were ... inflicted. There is a clear indication that deaths caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in males ...

Abstract	Background: Epidemiological studies revealed there is a difference in susceptibility to infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) because of differences in gender with age and males being more inflicted. There is a clear indication that deaths caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in males appeared at a higher rate than females across 35 nations. The implication of associated disease-risk genes, involved in the susceptibility of COVID-19 such as the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), has recently received considerable attention due to their role in severe injury of lung and mediated SARS-CoV-2 entry as a host receptor. Objectives: Herein, we aimed to systematically review how two main genetic polymorphisms of ACE2 (rs2106809 and rs2074192) can affect the gender susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: To conduct this systematic review, a literature search in PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Nature was made for the period 2004 to 2020. We searched for the impact of ACE2 genetic polymorphisms (rs2106809 and rs2074192) on gender susceptibility. Results: We noticed that there was a differential genotype distribution between males and females in various global populations whereas mutant variants were common in males compared to wild-type variants among females, which may reflect differences in gender susceptibility to infection with SARS-CoV-2. Females are less susceptible to coronavirus as compare to males because of the expression of ACE2 receptor. It has a double role in favour of COVID-19 and against COVID-19. Conclusions: Male mortality is greater than female mortality, which might be attributed to the ACE2 deficiency in women. Epidemiological studies have shown that the differences in sex and age have different susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Keywords	ace2 ; covid-19 ; gene polymorphism ; gender ; sars-cov-2 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Microbiology ; QR1-502 ; Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ; RC648-665 ; Biotechnology ; TP248.13-248.65 ; Biochemistry ; QD415-436
Subject code	590
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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