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  1. Article: Neurological manifestations associated with SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses: A narrative review for clinicians.

    Maury, A / Lyoubi, A / Peiffer-Smadja, N / de Broucker, T / Meppiel, E

    Revue neurologique

    2020  Volume 177, Issue 1-2, Page(s) 51–64

    Abstract: ... range of neurological manifestations and diseases associated with SARS-CoV-2 is consistent with multiple ... with SARS-CoV-2 infection and raised the question of the neuropathogenicity of coronaviruses. The aim ... with few cases of inflammatory injuries. Only one case suggested SARS-CoV-2 infiltration in endothelial and ...

    Abstract Introduction: The past two decades have been marked by three epidemics linked to emerging coronaviruses. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the existence of neurological manifestations associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and raised the question of the neuropathogenicity of coronaviruses. The aim of this review was to summarize the current data about neurological manifestations and diseases linked to human coronaviruses.
    Material and methods: Articles have been identified by searches of PubMed and Google scholar up to September 25, 2020, using a combination of coronavirus and neurology search terms and adding relevant references in the articles.
    Results: We found five cohorts providing prevalence data of neurological symptoms among a total of 2533 hospitalized COVID-19 patients, and articles focusing on COVID-19 patients with neurological manifestations including a total of 580 patients. Neurological symptoms involved up to 73% of COVID-19 hospitalized patients, and were mostly headache, myalgias and impaired consciousness. Central nervous system (CNS) manifestations reported in COVID-19 were mostly non-specific encephalopathies that represented between 13% and 40% of all neurological manifestations; post-infectious syndromes including acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis (ADEM, n=13), acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE, n=4), Bickerstaff's encephalitis (n=5), generalized myoclonus (n=3) and acute transverse myelitis (n=7); other encephalitis including limbic encephalitis (n=9) and miscellaneous encephalitis with variable radiologic findings (n=26); acute cerebrovascular diseases including ischemic strokes (between 1.3% and 4.7% of COVID-19 patients), hemorrhagic strokes (n=17), cerebral venous thrombosis (n=8) and posterior reversible encephalopathy (n=5). Peripheral nervous system (PNS) manifestations reported in COVID-19 were the following: Guillain-Barré syndrome (n=31) and variants including Miller Fisher syndrome (n=3), polyneuritis cranialis (n=2) and facial diplegia (n=2); isolated oculomotor neuropathy (n=6); critical illness myopathy (n=6). Neuropathological studies in COVID-19 patients demonstrated different patterns of CNS damage, mostly ischemic and hemorrhagic changes with few cases of inflammatory injuries. Only one case suggested SARS-CoV-2 infiltration in endothelial and neural cells. We found 10 case reports or case series describing 22 patients with neurological manifestations associated with other human coronaviruses. Among them we found four MERS patients with ADEM or Bickerstaff's encephalitis, two SARS patients with encephalitis who had a positive SARS-CoV PCR in cerebrospinal fluid, five patients with ischemic strokes associated with SARS, eight MERS patients with critical illness neuromyopathy and one MERS patient with Guillain-Barré Syndrome. An autopsy study on SARS-CoV patients demonstrated the presence of the virus in the brain of eight patients.
    Conclusion: The wide range of neurological manifestations and diseases associated with SARS-CoV-2 is consistent with multiple pathogenic pathways including post-infectious mechanisms, septic-associated encephalopathies, coagulopathy or endothelitis. There was no definite evidence to support direct neuropathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2.
    MeSH term(s) Brain Diseases/epidemiology ; Brain Diseases/etiology ; COVID-19/complications ; Coronavirus Infections/complications ; Coronavirus OC43, Human ; Female ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome/epidemiology ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome/etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus ; Myelitis/epidemiology ; Myelitis/etiology ; Nervous System Diseases/epidemiology ; Nervous System Diseases/etiology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/complications ; Stroke/epidemiology ; Stroke/etiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-16
    Publishing country France
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 4593-7
    ISSN 2213-0004 ; 0035-3787
    ISSN (online) 2213-0004
    ISSN 0035-3787
    DOI 10.1016/j.neurol.2020.10.001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Prevalence, pathogenesis and spectrum of neurological symptoms in COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 syndrome: a narrative review.

    Wesselingh, Robb

    The Medical journal of Australia

    2023  Volume 219, Issue 5, Page(s) 230–236

    Abstract: ... CoV-2) infection and reflect a broad spectrum of neurological disorders of which clinicians should be ... Neurological symptoms are not uncommon during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS ... being associated with severe acute disease are also seen in people with mild disease. Assessment ...

    Abstract Neurological symptoms are not uncommon during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and reflect a broad spectrum of neurological disorders of which clinicians should be aware. The underlying pathogenesis of neurological disease in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may be due to four mechanisms of nervous system dysfunction and injury: i) direct viral neurological invasion; ii) immune dysregulation; iii) endothelial dysfunction and coagulopathy; and iv) severe systemic COVID-19 disease. Neurological manifestations of acute COVID-19 include headache, peripheral neuropathies, seizures, encephalitis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and cerebrovascular disease. Commonly reported long term neurological sequelae of COVID-19 are cognitive dysfunction and dysautonomia, which despite being associated with severe acute disease are also seen in people with mild disease. Assessment of cognitive dysfunction after COVID-19 is confounded by a high prevalence of comorbid fatigue, anxiety, and mood disorders. However, other markers of neuroaxonal breakdown suggest no significant neuronal injury apart from during severe acute COVID-19. The long term impact of COVID-19 on neurological diseases remains uncertain and requires ongoing vigilance.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19/complications ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Prevalence ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-20
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 186082-3
    ISSN 1326-5377 ; 0025-729X
    ISSN (online) 1326-5377
    ISSN 0025-729X
    DOI 10.5694/mja2.52063
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Ua VI Zs.398: Show issues Location:
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  3. Article ; Online: Patologia neurologică în contextul pandemiei SARS-CoV-2 ; Neurological aspects in the context of the SARS-Cov-2 pandemic

    Groppa, Stanislav / Zota, Eremei / Chiosa, Vitalie / Gasnaş, Alexandru / Ciobanu, Natalia / Vataman, Anatolie / Ciolac, Dumitru / Munteanu, Cristina / Leahu, Pavel / Catereniuc, Daniela / Condratiuc, Elena / Efremova, Daniela / Crivorucica, Igor / Aftene, Daniela / Glavan, Danu / Bălănuţă, Tatiana / Belitei, Doina / Ropot, Doina

    2020  

    Abstract: ... literature review. We searched on PubMed Central and Google Scholar engines the following keywords: „SARS-CoV ... cuvintele cheie: „SARS-CoV-2”, „ COVID-19”, „neurology”, „neurological”, „manifestations” şi „complications ... sănătate publică în zilele noastre. Chiar dacă noul coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 afectează în principal sistemul ...

    Abstract Catedra de neurologie nr. 2, Universitatea de Stat de Medicină şi Farmacie „Nicolae Testemiţanu”, Chişinău, Republica Moldova, Departamentul neurologie, epileptologie şi boli interne, Institutul de Medicină Urgentă, Chişinău, Republica Moldova, Laboratorul de neurobiologie şi genetică medicală, Universitatea de Stat de Medicină şi Farmacie „Nicolae Testemiţanu”, Chişinău, Republica Moldova, Laboratorul de boli cerebrovasculare şi epilepsie, Institutul de Medicină Urgentă, Chişinău, Republica Moldova, Centrul Naţional de Epileptologie, Institutul de Medicină Urgentă, Chişinău, Republica Moldova

    Rezumat Introducere. Studiile clinice şi experimentale au arătat că familia Coronaviridae are un anumit tropism pentru sistemul nervos central. Cele mai întâlnite simptome neurologice de natură centrală sunt ameţelile şi cefaleea, iar de natură periferică – afectarea gustului (ageuzie) şi a mirosului (hipo-/anosmie). Pacienţii cu o evoluţie mai gravă a bolii sunt mai susceptibili să dezvolte simptome neurologice, decât pacienţii cu boală uşoară sau moderată. Printre complicaţiile neurologice observate la pacienţii cu COVID-19 se numără accidentul vascular cerebral, sindromul Guillian-Barre, mielita transversă acută, encefalita acută, miopatiile, rabdomioliza, sepsisul şi vasculitele. Material şi metode. Studiu de tip revistă narativă de literatură. Căutare bibliografică în baza de date PubMed şi Google Scholar, aplicând cuvintele cheie: „SARS-CoV-2”, „ COVID-19”, „neurology”, „neurological”, „manifestations” şi „complications”. Au fost selectate publicaţiile de limbă engleză, in extenso, publicate în reviste recunoscute în perioada 1 ianuarie – 8 mai 2020. Au fost căutate studii eligibile, pentru a evalua caracteristicile epidemiologice, clinice şi rezultatele cazurilor confirmate de COVID-19 asociate sau nu cu manifestări neurologice. Totodată a fost inclusă experienţa şi datele acumulate în cadrul Institutului de Medicină Urgentă, Departamentul Neurologie, Epileptologie, Boli interne (pacienţi cu accidente vasculare cerebrale – 21, pacienţi cu crize epileptice – 8). Rezultate. Infecţiile virale ale sistemului respirator sunt o problemă de sănătate publică în zilele noastre. Chiar dacă noul coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 afectează în principal sistemul respirator, implicaţii neurologice sunt raportate în mai multe lucrări publicate. Sunt propuse diverse mecanisme patogene pentru a explica complicaţiile neurologice la pacienţii COVID-19, dar ele încă nu sunt pe deplin înţelese, cercetările continuând în acest domeniu. Concluzii. Deşi manifestările neurologice ale COVID-19 nu au fost încă studiate în mod corespunzător, acest review literar, asociat cu caz clinic curent, prezintă dovezi privind apariţia implicării SNC şi a manifestărilor neurologice la pacienţii cu COVID-19 şi ajută neurologii în pregătirea lor de bază în timpul pandemiei, care este de o importanţă majoră pentru prevenirea infecţiilor. Abstract Introduction. Clinical and experimental studies have shown that the coronavirus family has a certain tropism for the central nervous system. The most common symptoms of the central nervous system are dizziness and headache, and of the peripheral nervous system – impairment of taste (ageusia) and smell (hypo- / anosmia). Patients with a more severe course of the disease are more likely to develop neurological symptoms than patients with mild to moderate disease. Complications observed in patients with COVID-19 include stroke, Guillian-Barre syndrome, acute transverse myelitis, acute encephalitis, myopathies, rhabdomyolysis, sepsis and vasculitis. Material and methods. Study type narrative literature review. We searched on PubMed Central and Google Scholar engines the following keywords: „SARS-CoV-2”, „COVID-19”, „neurology”, „neurological”, „manifestations” and „complications”. We analysed articles written in English in extenso. The time period covered was January 1st, 2020 to May 8th, 2020. Eligible studies were sought to evaluate the epidemiological, clinical features and results of confirmed cases of COVID-19 associated or not with neurological manifestations. At the same time, the experience and data accumulated within the Institute of Emergency Medicine, Department of Neurology, Epileptology, Internal Diseases (patients with stroke – 21, patients with epileptic seizures – 8) were included. Results. Viral infections of the respiratory system are a nowadays public health problem. Even new coronavirus SARSCoV-2 has been observed to principally affect the respiratory system, neurological involvements have already been reported in some published work. Various pathogenic mechanisms have been proposed to explain the neurological complications of COVID-19. Initial descriptions of people with COVID-19, but research continuing in this field. Conclusions. While neurological manifestations of COVID-19 have not been yet studied appropriately, this review, associated with a clinical case presentation, highlight the evidence on the occurrence of central nervous system involvement and neurological manifestations in patients with COVID-19 and helps neurologists in their preparation during the pandemic, which is of utmost importance to prevent horizontal infections.
    Keywords SARS-CoV-2 ; stroke ; epilepsy ; headache ; neurological complications ; covid19
    Publisher Revista de Științe ale Sănătății din Moldova = Moldovan Journal of Health Sciences
    Publishing country md
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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