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Article ; Online: Effects of temperature and humidity on the spread of COVID-19: A systematic review.

Mecenas, Paulo / Bastos, Renata Travassos da Rosa Moreira / Vallinoto, Antonio Carlos Rosário / Normando, David

2020 Volume 15, Issue 9, Page(s) e0238339

Abstract: ... regarding the effect of temperature and humidity on the seasonal viability and transmissibility of COVID-19 ... of the virus and its connection with different weather factors such as temperature and relative humidity ... to reduce the spread of COVID-19. However, these variables alone could not explain most of the variability ...

Abstract	Background: Faced with the global pandemic of COVID-19, declared by World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11th 2020, and the need to better understand the seasonal behavior of the virus, our team conducted this systematic review to describe current knowledge about the emergence and replicability of the virus and its connection with different weather factors such as temperature and relative humidity. Methods: The review was registered with the PROSPERO database. The electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, LILACS, OpenGrey and Google Scholar were examined with the searches restricted to the years 2019 and 2020. Risk of bias assessment was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist tool. The GRADE tool was used to assess the certainty of the evidence. Results: The initial screening identified 517 articles. After examination of the full texts, seventeen studies met the review's eligibility criteria. Great homogeneity was observed in the findings regarding the effect of temperature and humidity on the seasonal viability and transmissibility of COVID-19. Cold and dry conditions were potentiating factors on the spread of the virus. After quality assessment, two studies had a high risk of bias, eleven studies were scored as moderate risk of bias, and four studies were classified as low risk of bias. The certainty of evidence was graded as low for both outcomes evaluated. Conclusion: Considering the existing scientific evidence, warm and wet climates seem to reduce the spread of COVID-19. However, these variables alone could not explain most of the variability in disease transmission. Therefore, the countries most affected by the disease should focus on health policies, even with climates less favorable to the virus. Although the certainty of the evidence generated was classified as low, there was homogeneity between the results reported by the included studies.
MeSH term(s)	Betacoronavirus/physiology ; Bias ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/transmission ; Humans ; Humidity ; Pandemics/statistics & numerical data ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/transmission ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Temperature
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0238339
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Effects of temperature and humidity on the spread of COVID-19: A systematic review.

Mecenas, P. / Bastos, R. / Vallinoto, A. / Normando, D.

Abstract: ... regarding the effect of temperature and humidity on the seasonal viability and transmissibility of COVID-19 ... scientific evidence, warm and wet climates seem to reduce the spread of COVID-19. The certainty ... of the virus and its correlation with different weather factors such as temperature and relative humidity ...

Abstract	Background: Faced with the global pandemic of COVID-19, declared by World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11th 2020, and the need to better understand the seasonal behavior of the virus, our team conducted this systematic review to describe current knowledge about the emergence and replicability of the virus and its correlation with different weather factors such as temperature and relative humidity. Methods: The review was registered with the PROSPERO database. The electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, LILACS, OpenGrey and Google Scholar were examined with the searches restricted to the years 2019 and 2020. Risk of bias assessment was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist tool. The GRADE tool was used to assess the quality of the evidence. Results: The initial screening identified 517 articles. After examination of the full texts, seventeen studies met the review's eligibility criteria. Great homogeneity was observed in the findings regarding the effect of temperature and humidity on the seasonal viability and transmissibility of COVID-19. Cold and dry conditions were potentiating factors on the spread of the virus. After quality assessment, four studies had a high risk of bias and thirteen studies were scored as moderate risk of bias. The certainty of evidence was graded as low for both outcomes evaluated. Conclusion: Considering the existing scientific evidence, warm and wet climates seem to reduce the spread of COVID-19. The certainty of the evidence generated was graded as low. However, these variables alone could not explain most of the variability in disease transmission.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	MedRxiv; WHO
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2020.04.14.20064923
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Effects of temperature and humidity on the spread of COVID-19: A systematic review.

Mecenas, Paulo / Bastos, Renata / Vallinoto, Antonio / Normando, David

medRxiv

Abstract	Background: Faced with the global pandemic of COVID-19, declared by World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11th 2020, and the need to better understand the seasonal behavior of the virus, our team conducted this systematic review to describe current knowledge about the emergence and replicability of the virus and its correlation with different weather factors such as temperature and relative humidity. Methods: The review was registered with the PROSPERO database. The electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, LILACS, OpenGrey and Google Scholar were examined with the searches restricted to the years 2019 and 2020. Risk of bias assessment was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist tool. The GRADE tool was used to assess the quality of the evidence. Results: The initial screening identified 517 articles. After examination of the full texts, seventeen studies met the review9s eligibility criteria. Great homogeneity was observed in the findings regarding the effect of temperature and humidity on the seasonal viability and transmissibility of COVID-19. Cold and dry conditions were potentiating factors on the spread of the virus. After quality assessment, four studies had a high risk of bias and thirteen studies were scored as moderate risk of bias. The certainty of evidence was graded as low for both outcomes evaluated. Conclusion: Considering the existing scientific evidence, warm and wet climates seem to reduce the spread of COVID-19. The certainty of the evidence generated was graded as low. However, these variables alone could not explain most of the variability in disease transmission.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-17
Publisher	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2020.04.14.20064923
Database	COVID19

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Article: What are the Effects of Climate Variables on COVID-19 Pandemic? A Systematic Review and Current Update.

Moazeni, Malihe / Rahimi, Mohammad / Ebrahimi, Afshin

Advanced biomedical research

2023 Volume 12, Page(s) 33

Abstract: ... variables and interaction between them on COVID-19 spread in specific small areas such as cities ... humidity, rainfall, precipitation, solar radiation, ultraviolet index, and wind speed could cause spread ... they have possible impacts on COVID-19 incidence. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review article ...

Abstract	The climatological parameters can be different in various geographical locations. Moreover, they have possible impacts on COVID-19 incidence. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review article was to describe the effects of climatic variables on COVID-19 pandemic in different countries. Systematic literature search was performed in Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and PubMed databases using ("Climate" OR "Climate Change" OR "Global Warming" OR "Global Climate Change" OR "Meteorological Parameters" OR "Temperature" OR "Precipitation" OR "Relative Humidity" OR "Wind Speed" OR "Sunshine" OR "Climate Extremes" OR "Weather Extremes") AND ("COVID" OR "Coronavirus disease 2019" OR "COVID-19" OR "SARS-CoV-2" OR "Novel Coronavirus") keywords. From 5229 articles, 424 were screened and 149 were selected for further analysis. The relationship between meteorological parameters is variable in different geographical locations. The results indicate that among the climatic indicators, the temperature is the most significant factor that influences on COVID-19 pandemic in most countries. Some studies were proved that warm and wet climates can decrease COVID-19 incidence; however, the other studies represented that warm location can be a high risk of COVID-19 incidence. It could be suggested that all climate variables such as temperature, humidity, rainfall, precipitation, solar radiation, ultraviolet index, and wind speed could cause spread of COVID-19. Thus, it is recommended that future studies will survey the role of all meteorological variables and interaction between them on COVID-19 spread in specific small areas such as cities of each country and comparison between them.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-25
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2672524-1
ISSN	2277-9175
ISSN	2277-9175
DOI	10.4103/abr.abr_145_21
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Effects of temperature and humidity on the spread of COVID-19

Mecenas, Paulo / Bastos, Renata Travassos da Rosa Moreira / Vallinoto, Antonio Carlos Rosário / Normando, David

PLOS ONE

A systematic review

2020 Volume 15, Issue 9, Page(s) e0238339

Keywords	General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ; General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ; General Medicine ; covid19
Language	English
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Publishing country	us
Document type	Article ; Online
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0238339
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Effects of temperature and humidity on the spread of COVID-19

Paulo Mecenas / Renata Travassos da Rosa Moreira Bastos / Antonio Carlos Rosário Vallinoto / David Normando / Abdallah M. Samy

PLoS ONE, Vol 15, Iss

A systematic review

2020 Volume 9

Abstract: ... of temperature and humidity on the seasonal viability and transmissibility of COVID-19. Cold and dry conditions ... Considering the existing scientific evidence, warm and wet climates seem to reduce the spread of COVID-19 ... of the virus and its connection with different weather factors such as temperature and relative humidity ...

Abstract	Background Faced with the global pandemic of COVID-19, declared by World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11th 2020, and the need to better understand the seasonal behavior of the virus, our team conducted this systematic review to describe current knowledge about the emergence and replicability of the virus and its connection with different weather factors such as temperature and relative humidity. Methods The review was registered with the PROSPERO database. The electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, LILACS, OpenGrey and Google Scholar were examined with the searches restricted to the years 2019 and 2020. Risk of bias assessment was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist tool. The GRADE tool was used to assess the certainty of the evidence. Results The initial screening identified 517 articles. After examination of the full texts, seventeen studies met the review's eligibility criteria. Great homogeneity was observed in the findings regarding the effect of temperature and humidity on the seasonal viability and transmissibility of COVID-19. Cold and dry conditions were potentiating factors on the spread of the virus. After quality assessment, two studies had a high risk of bias, eleven studies were scored as moderate risk of bias, and four studies were classified as low risk of bias. The certainty of evidence was graded as low for both outcomes evaluated. Conclusion Considering the existing scientific evidence, warm and wet climates seem to reduce the spread of COVID-19. However, these variables alone could not explain most of the variability in disease transmission. Therefore, the countries most affected by the disease should focus on health policies, even with climates less favorable to the virus. Although the certainty of the evidence generated was classified as low, there was homogeneity between the results reported by the included studies.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q ; covid19
Subject code	306
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Effects of temperature and humidity on the spread of COVID-19

Paulo Mecenas / Renata Travassos da Rosa Moreira Bastos / Antonio Carlos Rosário Vallinoto / David Normando

PLoS ONE, Vol 15, Iss 9, p e

A systematic review.

2020 Volume 0238339

Abstract	Background Faced with the global pandemic of COVID-19, declared by World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11th 2020, and the need to better understand the seasonal behavior of the virus, our team conducted this systematic review to describe current knowledge about the emergence and replicability of the virus and its connection with different weather factors such as temperature and relative humidity. Methods The review was registered with the PROSPERO database. The electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, LILACS, OpenGrey and Google Scholar were examined with the searches restricted to the years 2019 and 2020. Risk of bias assessment was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist tool. The GRADE tool was used to assess the certainty of the evidence. Results The initial screening identified 517 articles. After examination of the full texts, seventeen studies met the review's eligibility criteria. Great homogeneity was observed in the findings regarding the effect of temperature and humidity on the seasonal viability and transmissibility of COVID-19. Cold and dry conditions were potentiating factors on the spread of the virus. After quality assessment, two studies had a high risk of bias, eleven studies were scored as moderate risk of bias, and four studies were classified as low risk of bias. The certainty of evidence was graded as low for both outcomes evaluated. Conclusion Considering the existing scientific evidence, warm and wet climates seem to reduce the spread of COVID-19. However, these variables alone could not explain most of the variability in disease transmission. Therefore, the countries most affected by the disease should focus on health policies, even with climates less favorable to the virus. Although the certainty of the evidence generated was classified as low, there was homogeneity between the results reported by the included studies.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	306
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Effect of ambient temperature on spread of COVID-19

Ahad Heyari / Saeed Fallah-aliabadi / Peymaneh Habibi

Journal of Community Health Research, Vol 10, Iss 3, Pp 270-

A Systematic Review

2021 Volume 280

Abstract: ... studies on COVID-19 and its spread in different ambient temperature. Results: Totally 588 articles were ... of spread decreases. This study aimed to review the literature whether or not the temperature can affect ... humidity to stop the virus from spreading and transmitting. It is required to conduct more studies ...

Abstract	Abstract Introduction: So far, the so many people has been infected by novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in the worldwide and almost all the countries have reported infected and death cases. Some studies have shown that coronaviruses are sensitive to air temperature and in warm temperature the rate of spread decreases. This study aimed to review the literature whether or not the temperature can affect the spread rate of COVID-19. Methods: In this study, three main scientific electronic databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science and also Google Scholar were searched on April 14, 2020 to find relevant studies on COVID-19 and its spread in different ambient temperature. Results: Totally 588 articles were found for screening and 27 articles were selected for data extraction. The result of some of these studies showed that weather variations can affect transmission of coronavirus. Low temperature and low humidity may be essential factors for survival of coronaviruses. A temperature of 4°C is ideal for the life of this virus and it may be sensitive to 70°C temperature. The increase in temperature of stainless steel, wood, fabrics, and metal can eliminate and remove coronaviruses according to the findings of some of these reviewed articles. Conclusion: This review study failed to precisely report the effect of temperature or humidity to stop the virus from spreading and transmitting. It is required to conduct more studies in this regard to introduce the exact pattern of transmission by examining the conditions of virus transmission in different climatic conditions.
Keywords	keywords: systematic review ; coronavirus ; temperature ; environmental factors ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	306
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: A review of strategies and their effectiveness in reducing indoor airborne transmission and improving indoor air quality

Nair, Ajith N. / Anand, Prashant / George, Abraham / Mondal, Nilabhra

Environmental research. 2022 Oct., v. 213

2022

Abstract: ... environmental quality parameters such as humidity and temperature have shown considerable influence in virus ... person and is now thought to be the primary transmission route of COVID-19. Thus, maintaining adequate ... literature pertaining to the ongoing spread of COVID-19 disease has been systematically presented ...

Abstract	Airborne transmission arises through the inhalation of aerosol droplets exhaled by an infected person and is now thought to be the primary transmission route of COVID-19. Thus, maintaining adequate indoor air quality levels is vital in mitigating the spread of the airborne virus. The cause-and-effect flow of various agents involved in airborne transmission of viruses has been investigated through a systematic literature review. It has been identified that the airborne virus can stay infectious in the air for hours, and pollutants such as particulate matter (PM₁₀, PM₂.₅), Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), Sulphur dioxide (SO₂), Carbon monoxide (CO), Ozone (O₃), Carbon dioxide (CO₂), and Total Volatile Organic Compounds (TVOCs) and other air pollutants can enhance the incidence, spread and mortality rates of viral disease. Also, environmental quality parameters such as humidity and temperature have shown considerable influence in virus transmission in indoor spaces. The measures adopted in different research studies that can curb airborne transmission of viruses for an improved Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) have been collated for their effectiveness and limitations. A diverse set of building strategies, components, and operation techniques from the recent literature pertaining to the ongoing spread of COVID-19 disease has been systematically presented to understand the current state of techniques and building systems that can minimize the viral spread in built spaces This comprehensive review will help architects, builders, realtors, and other organizations improve or design a resilient building system to deal with COVID-19 or any such pandemic in the future.
Keywords	COVID-19 infection ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; air ; air quality ; airborne transmission ; carbon dioxide ; carbon monoxide ; humidity ; mortality ; nitrogen dioxide ; ozone ; pandemic ; particulates ; research ; sulfur dioxide ; temperature ; virus transmission ; viruses ; volatile organic compounds
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-10
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	205699-9
ISSN	1096-0953 ; 0013-9351
ISSN (online)	1096-0953
ISSN	0013-9351
DOI	10.1016/j.envres.2022.113579
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Effect of ozone on the inactivation of indoor airborne viruses with the COVID-19 virus approach

Maziar Naderi / Gholamreza Ebrahimzadeh / Mahmood Alimohammadi / Vida Past

Tehran University Medical Journal, Vol 80, Iss 2, Pp 82-

a systematic review

2022 Volume 90

Abstract: ... contact time, temperature, humidity and type of virus. In general, studies in this field have shown ... to other disinfectants. The purpose of this study was to review the use and effect of ozone in inactivating indoor ... the use of ozone gas in preventing the spread of viral diseases such as COVED-19. Necessary ...

Abstract	Background: Nowadays, the COVID-19 pandemic has become a global problem that new methods must be used to prevent it. The virus is highly contagious and is mainly transmitted through the air. Ozone is a powerful oxidant that can be used to inactivate a wide range of viruses that may be resistant to other disinfectants. The purpose of this study was to review the use and effect of ozone in inactivating indoor viruses. Methods: To conduct this review study, the keywords such as ozone, virus and air were used to search the PubMed and Scopus databases. Articles were searched from 2010 to 2020. As a result of the search, 57 articles in this field were selected and their content and results were used in this review study. Results: This review study showed that ozone has been successfully used to prevent several viral diseases such as COVED-19. In addition, some viruses, such as coronaviruses, contain sulfhydryl functional groups containing cysteine and tryptophan that react better with ozone gas. The infected person's sneezing may result in the formation of 40,000 droplets in the air. The droplets can be transferred to the nearest surface up to approximately 2 meters before falling and also may remain in the air for 30 hours. Conclusion: The use of ozone gas has many potential applications in inactivating viruses in enclosed spaces. Given the importance of virus-containing aerosols in the transmission of COVED-19, ozone can be a promising way to prevent the disease. The degree of inactivation of viruses by ozone gas depends on the gas concentration, contact time, temperature, humidity and type of virus. In general, studies in this field have shown the use of ozone gas in preventing the spread of viral diseases such as COVED-19. Necessary safety measures and precautions are also recommended in using this gas.
Keywords	coved-19 ; disinfectant ; ozone ; virus inactivation ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	290
Language	Persian
Publishing date	2022-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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