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  1. Article: Effects of COVID-19 on Pregnant women: Evidence-based review.

    Patnaik, Nabnita / Bhatia, Vikas / Mishra, Kumar G / Sukumar, Mondithoka

    Journal of family medicine and primary care

    2021  Volume 10, Issue 4, Page(s) 1530–1533

    Abstract: ... pregnant women among others. Complications arising during pregnancy because of COVID-19 must be considered ... a health issue. The objective of the study was to analyse symptoms of pregnant women affected with COVID-19 ... the pathogenesis and treatment planning for COVID-19 affected pregnant women. ...

    Abstract Corona virus infection (COVID-19) is increasing exponentially globally. It is also affecting pregnant women among others. Complications arising during pregnancy because of COVID-19 must be considered a health issue. The objective of the study was to analyse symptoms of pregnant women affected with COVID-19 based on the available literature. The articles were searched from Medline/PubMed, Scopus which were published till June 2020 and reviewed for the determined outcomes. The review demonstrated that common symptoms were fever, cough, nausea and myalgia. Vertical transmission of Corona virus infection was not found in any of the articles reviewed. Multicenter studies are important to better understand the pathogenesis and treatment planning for COVID-19 affected pregnant women.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-29
    Publishing country India
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2735275-4
    ISSN 2278-7135 ; 2249-4863
    ISSN (online) 2278-7135
    ISSN 2249-4863
    DOI 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1557_20
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Adverse effects of prenatal dexamethasone exposure on fetal development.

    Wang, Jingwen / Chen, Fei / Zhu, Shiheng / Li, Xinya / Shi, Wenhao / Dai, Zhiqing / Hao, Lanting / Wang, Xinyi

    Journal of reproductive immunology

    2022  Volume 151, Page(s) 103619

    Abstract: ... number of studies have shown that there are obvious disadvantages in pregnant women and fetal development ... support the application of dexamethasone as a pharmaceutical therapy in pregnant women with coronavirus ... In this review, we comprehensively retrospect the latest literature on the toxicological effects and mechanisms ...

    Abstract Dexamethasone has been widely used in clinical practice to promote fetal lung maturity and reduce neonatal respiratory distress syndrome and perinatal mortality. Nevertheless, its administration is a double-edged sword, as a large number of studies have shown that there are obvious disadvantages in pregnant women and fetal development. In this review, we comprehensively retrospect the latest literature on the toxicological effects and mechanisms of dexamethasone on fetal development, in an attempt to provide a valuable basis for further studies and clinical trials in the future. Overall, prenatal dexamethasone exposure could lead to some adverse consequences on fetal organ systems through intrauterine programming based on the results of current animal and human researches. Potential sequelae include osteoarthritis, hypertension, fatty liver, glomerulosclerosis, depression, diabetes and infertility, some of which can pass on to the next generation. It must be noted that the evidence in humans is preliminary and limited by the small sample size. More studies in large-scale populations are needed to confirm if it raises the risk of sequelae in humans. In addition, we strongly support the application of dexamethasone as a pharmaceutical therapy in pregnant women with coronavirus disease 2019 before a better therapy is developed. However, the adverse side effects that may arise also cannot be ignored.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; COVID-19/drug therapy ; Dexamethasone/adverse effects ; Female ; Fetal Development ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn
    Chemical Substances Dexamethasone (7S5I7G3JQL)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-29
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 424421-7
    ISSN 1872-7603 ; 0165-0378
    ISSN (online) 1872-7603
    ISSN 0165-0378
    DOI 10.1016/j.jri.2022.103619
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Effects of COVID19 on Pregnant women

    Nabnita Patnaik / Vikas Bhatia / Kumar G Mishra / Mondithoka Sukumar

    Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Vol 10, Iss 4, Pp 1530-

    Evidence-based review

    2021  Volume 1533

    Abstract: ... pregnant women among others. Complications arising during pregnancy because of COVID-19 must be considered ... a health issue. The objective of the study was to analyse symptoms of pregnant women affected with COVID-19 ... the pathogenesis and treatment planning for COVID-19 affected pregnant women. ...

    Abstract Corona virus infection (COVID-19) is increasing exponentially globally. It is also affecting pregnant women among others. Complications arising during pregnancy because of COVID-19 must be considered a health issue. The objective of the study was to analyse symptoms of pregnant women affected with COVID-19 based on the available literature. The articles were searched from Medline/PubMed, Scopus which were published till June 2020 and reviewed for the determined outcomes. The review demonstrated that common symptoms were fever, cough, nausea and myalgia. Vertical transmission of Corona virus infection was not found in any of the articles reviewed. Multicenter studies are important to better understand the pathogenesis and treatment planning for COVID-19 affected pregnant women.
    Keywords covid-19 ; corona virus ; pregnancy ; vertical transmission ; symptoms ; Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Effects of COVID-19 and mRNA vaccines on human fertility.

    Chen, Fei / Zhu, Shiheng / Dai, Zhiqing / Hao, Lanting / Luan, Chun / Guo, Qi / Meng, Chaofan / Zhang, Yankun

    Human reproduction (Oxford, England)

    2021  Volume 37, Issue 1, Page(s) 5–13

    Abstract: ... women, especially pregnant women, have no fertility problems or increased adverse pregnancy ... in the population, especially in pregnant women. Herein, we provide an in-depth discussion on the involvement ... The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome ...

    Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has precipitated a global health crisis of unprecedented proportions. Because of its severe impact, multiple COVID-19 vaccines are being rapidly developed, approved and manufactured. Among them, mRNA vaccines are considered as ideal candidates with special advantages to meet this challenge. However, some serious adverse events have been reported after their application, significantly increasing concerns about the safety and efficacy of the vaccines and doubts about the necessity of vaccination. Although several fertility societies have announced that COVID-19 mRNA vaccines are unlikely to affect fertility, there is no denying that the current evidence is very limited, which is one of the reasons for vaccine hesitancy in the population, especially in pregnant women. Herein, we provide an in-depth discussion on the involvement of the male and female reproductive systems during SARS-CoV-2 infection or after vaccination. On one hand, despite the low risk of infection in the male reproductive system or fetus, COVID-19 could pose an enormous threat to human reproductive health. On the other hand, our review indicates that both men and women, especially pregnant women, have no fertility problems or increased adverse pregnancy outcomes after vaccination, and, in particular, the benefits of maternal antibodies transferred through the placenta outweigh any known or potential risks. Thus, in the case of the rapid spread of COVID-19, although further research is still required, especially a larger population-based longitudinal study, it is obviously a wise option to be vaccinated instead of suffering from serious adverse symptoms of virus infection.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Female ; Fertility ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Pregnancy ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Vaccination Hesitancy ; Vaccines, Synthetic ; mRNA Vaccines
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines ; Vaccines, Synthetic ; mRNA Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 632776-x
    ISSN 1460-2350 ; 0268-1161 ; 1477-741X
    ISSN (online) 1460-2350
    ISSN 0268-1161 ; 1477-741X
    DOI 10.1093/humrep/deab238
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on maternity staff in 2020 - a scoping review.

    Schmitt, Nadine / Mattern, Elke / Cignacco, Eva / Seliger, Gregor / König-Bachmann, Martina / Striebich, Sabine / Ayerle, Gertrud M

    BMC health services research

    2021  Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 1364

    Abstract: ... by the pandemic. This scoping review gives a comprehensive overview of the effecs the Covid-19 pandemic had ... generated strong occupational solidarity. Care for pregnant, birthing, and breast-feeding women cannot be ... midwives, whose close physical contact with pregnant women, women who recently gave birth, and ...

    Abstract In the spring of 2020, the SARS-CoV-2 virus caused the Covid-19 pandemic, bringing with it drastic changes and challenges for health systems and medical staff. Among the affected were obstetricians and midwives, whose close physical contact with pregnant women, women who recently gave birth, and their children was indispensable. In the obstetric setting, births cannot be postponed, and maternity staff had to adapt to assure obstetric safety while balancing evidence-based standards with the new challenges posed by the pandemic. This scoping review gives a comprehensive overview of the effecs the Covid-19 pandemic had on maternity staff. We followed the evidence-based approach described by Arksey & O'Malley: we searched several databases for English and German articles published between January 2020 and January 2021 that discussed or touched upon the effects the pandemic had on maternity staff in OECD countries and China. We found that structural challenges caused by the crisis and its subjective effects on maternity staff fell into two main topic areas. Structural challenges (the first main topic) were divided into five subtopics: staff shortages and restructuring; personal protective equipment and tests; switching to virtual communication; handling women with a positive SARS-CoV-2 infection; and excluding accompanying persons. The pandemic also strongly affected the staff's mental health (the second main topic.) Attempting to meet challenges posed by the pandemic while afraid of contamination, suffering overwork and exhaustion, and struggling to resolve ethical-moral dilemmas had severe negative subjective effects. Several studies indicated increased depression, anxiety, stress levels, and risk of post-traumatic stress symptoms, although the crisis also generated strong occupational solidarity. Care for pregnant, birthing, and breast-feeding women cannot be interrupted, even during a pandemic crisis that requires social distancing. Maternity staff sometimes had to abandon normal standards of obstetric care and were confronted with enormous challenges and structural adjustments that did not leave them unscathed: their mental health suffered considerably. Researchers should study maternity staff's experiences during the pandemic to prepare recommendations that will protect staff during future epidemics.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Midwifery ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Parturition ; Pregnancy ; SARS-CoV-2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2050434-2
    ISSN 1472-6963 ; 1472-6963
    ISSN (online) 1472-6963
    ISSN 1472-6963
    DOI 10.1186/s12913-021-07377-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on maternity staff in 2020 – a scoping review

    Nadine Schmitt / Elke Mattern / Eva Cignacco / Gregor Seliger / Martina König-Bachmann / Sabine Striebich / Gertrud M. Ayerle

    BMC Health Services Research, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2021  Volume 25

    Abstract: ... by the pandemic. This scoping review gives a comprehensive overview of the effecs the Covid-19 pandemic had ... generated strong occupational solidarity. Care for pregnant, birthing, and breast-feeding women cannot be ... and midwives, whose close physical contact with pregnant women, women who recently gave birth, and ...

    Abstract Abstract In the spring of 2020, the SARS-CoV-2 virus caused the Covid-19 pandemic, bringing with it drastic changes and challenges for health systems and medical staff. Among the affected were obstetricians and midwives, whose close physical contact with pregnant women, women who recently gave birth, and their children was indispensable. In the obstetric setting, births cannot be postponed, and maternity staff had to adapt to assure obstetric safety while balancing evidence-based standards with the new challenges posed by the pandemic. This scoping review gives a comprehensive overview of the effecs the Covid-19 pandemic had on maternity staff. We followed the evidence-based approach described by Arksey & O’Malley: we searched several databases for English and German articles published between January 2020 and January 2021 that discussed or touched upon the effects the pandemic had on maternity staff in OECD countries and China. We found that structural challenges caused by the crisis and its subjective effects on maternity staff fell into two main topic areas. Structural challenges (the first main topic) were divided into five subtopics: staff shortages and restructuring; personal protective equipment and tests; switching to virtual communication; handling women with a positive SARS-CoV-2 infection; and excluding accompanying persons. The pandemic also strongly affected the staff’s mental health (the second main topic.) Attempting to meet challenges posed by the pandemic while afraid of contamination, suffering overwork and exhaustion, and struggling to resolve ethical-moral dilemmas had severe negative subjective effects. Several studies indicated increased depression, anxiety, stress levels, and risk of post-traumatic stress symptoms, although the crisis also generated strong occupational solidarity. Care for pregnant, birthing, and breast-feeding women cannot be interrupted, even during a pandemic crisis that requires social distancing. Maternity staff sometimes had to abandon normal standards of ...
    Keywords Scoping review ; maternity staff ; Covid-19 pandemic ; obstetrician ; midwife ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Subject code 028
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Laboratory Effects of COVID-19 Infection in Pregnant Women and Their Newborns: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

    Zhang, Clark / Chu, Haitao / Pei, Y Veronica / Zhang, Jason

    Frontiers in global women's health

    2021  Volume 2, Page(s) 647072

    Abstract: ... and infant. We aim to systematically review and evaluate the effects of COVID-19 among SARS-CoV-2 ... on patient pregnancy on admission, pregnant mothers with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 virus, maternal ... born to mothers with COVID-19 are also not well-studied, and more evidence is needed ...

    Abstract Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a need for further research on its manifestation in pregnant women, since they are particularly prone to respiratory pathogens, like severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), due to physiological changes during pregnancy. Its effects on infants born to mothers with COVID-19 are also not well-studied, and more evidence is needed on vertical transmission of the disease from mother to infant and on the transmission of IgG/IgM antibodies between mother and infant. We aim to systematically review and evaluate the effects of COVID-19 among SARS-CoV-2-positive pregnant women in late pregnancy and neonates with SARS-CoV-2-positive pregnant mothers using blood assays to find indicators of maternal and neonatal complications. We searched for original published articles in Google Scholar, Medline (PubMed), and Embase databases to identify articles in the English language from December 2019 to July 20, 2020. Duplicate entries were searched by their titles, authors, date of publication, and Digital Object Identifier. The selected studies were included based on patient pregnancy on admission, pregnant mothers with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 virus, maternal/neonatal complications, and blood test results. We excluded duplicate studies, articles where full text was not available, other languages than English, opinions, and perspectives. The meta-analysis using the Generalized Linear Mixed model was conducted using the "meta" and "metaprop" packages in R code. Of the 1,642 studies assessed for eligibility, 29 studies (375 mothers and neonates) were included. Preterm birth rate was 34.2%, and cesarean section rate was 82.7%. Maternal laboratory findings found elevated neutrophils (71.4%; 95% CI: 38.5-90.9), elevated CRP (67.7%; 95%: 50.6-81.1), and low hemoglobin (57.3%; 95% CI: 26.0-87.8). We found platelet count, lactate dehydrogenase, and procalcitonin to be less strongly correlated with preterm birth than between high neutrophil counts (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-13
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Systematic Review
    ISSN 2673-5059
    ISSN (online) 2673-5059
    DOI 10.3389/fgwh.2021.647072
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: The Effects of opioids on female fertility, pregnancy and the breastfeeding mother-infant dyad: A Review.

    Corsi, Daniel J / Murphy, Malia S Q

    Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology

    2021  Volume 128, Issue 5, Page(s) 635–641

    Abstract: ... elucidate its effects on reproductive health among younger women and support the development of evidence ... becoming more prevalent due to environmental pressures such as COVID-19. More research is needed to better ... not been well-described. Here, we review the existing literature on the health effects of opioid use ...

    Abstract Opioids cover a broad class of natural, synthetic and semi-synthetic drugs that act on opioid receptors to produce powerful analgesic effects. Rates of opioid use and opioid agonist maintenance treatment have increased substantially in recent years, particularly among women. Trends and outcomes of opioids use on fertility, pregnancy and breastfeeding, and longer-term child developmental outcomes have not been well-described. Here, we review the existing literature on the health effects of opioid use on female fertility, pregnancy, breastmilk and the exposed infant. We find that the current literature is primarily concentrated on the impact of opioid use in pregnancy and neonatal outcomes, with little exploration of effects on fertility. Studies are limited in number, some with small sample sizes, and many are hampered by methodological challenges related to confounding and other potential biases. Opioid use is becoming more prevalent due to environmental pressures such as COVID-19. More research is needed to better elucidate its effects on reproductive health among younger women and support the development of evidence-based recommendations for safe prescription practices and public health messaging.
    MeSH term(s) Breast Feeding ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Female ; Fertility/drug effects ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Opioid-Related Disorders/complications ; Opioid-Related Disorders/epidemiology ; Opioid-Related Disorders/prevention & control ; Practice Patterns, Physicians'/standards ; Practice Patterns, Physicians'/trends ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications/epidemiology ; Pregnancy Complications/prevention & control ; Prevalence ; SARS-CoV-2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2134679-3
    ISSN 1742-7843 ; 1742-7835
    ISSN (online) 1742-7843
    ISSN 1742-7835
    DOI 10.1111/bcpt.13577
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Effects of COVID-19 Infection during Pregnancy and Neonatal Prognosis: What Is the Evidence?

    Lopes de Sousa, Álvaro Francisco / Carvalho, Herica Emilia Félix de / Oliveira, Layze Braz de / Schneider, Guilherme / Camargo, Emerson Lucas Silva / Watanabe, Evandro / de Andrade, Denise / Fernandes, Ana Fátima Carvalho / Mendes, Isabel Amélia Costa / Fronteira, Inês

    International journal of environmental research and public health

    2020  Volume 17, Issue 11

    Abstract: ... regarding the potential risks of COVID-19 infection among pregnant women and consequent fetal transmission ... presenting low levels of evidence. A total of 755 pregnant women and 598 infants were assessed; more ... in the field of health intended to answer the question, "What are the effects of COVID-19 infection during ...

    Abstract Background: This study's aims are to assess the current evidence presented in the literature regarding the potential risks of COVID-19 infection among pregnant women and consequent fetal transmission.
    Methods: a systematic literature review assessing papers published in the most comprehensive databases in the field of health intended to answer the question, "What are the effects of COVID-19 infection during pregnancy, and what is the neonatal prognosis?"
    Results: 49 papers published in 2020 were eligible, presenting low levels of evidence. A total of 755 pregnant women and 598 infants were assessed; more than half of pregnant women had C-sections (379/65%). Only 493 (82%) infants were tested for SARS-CoV-2, nine (2%) of whom tested positive. There is, however, no evidence of vertical transmission based on what has been assessed so far, considering there are knowledge gaps concerning the care provided during and after delivery, as well as a lack of suitable biological samples for testing SARS-CoV-2.
    Conclusions: We cannot rule out potential worsening of the clinical conditions of pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2, whether the infection is associated with comorbidities or not, due to the occurrence of respiratory disorders, cardiac rhythm disturbances, and acid-base imbalance, among others. We recommend relentless monitoring of all pregnant women in addition to testing them before delivery or the first contact with newborns.
    MeSH term(s) Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Cesarean Section ; Coronavirus Infections/complications ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/complications ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/virology ; SARS-CoV-2
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-11
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 2175195-X
    ISSN 1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
    ISSN (online) 1660-4601
    ISSN 1661-7827
    DOI 10.3390/ijerph17114176
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Book ; Online: Effects of COVID-19 Infection during Pregnancy and Neonatal Prognosis

    Álvaro Francisco Lopes de Sousa / Herica Emilia Félix de Carvalho / Layze Braz de Oliveira / Guilherme Schneider / Emerson Lucas Silva Camargo / Evandro Watanabe / Denise de Andrade / Ana Fátima Carvalho Fernandes / Isabel Amélia Costa Mendes / Inês Fronteira

    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ; Volume 17 ; Issue 11

    What Is the Evidence?

    2020  

    Abstract: ... in the literature regarding the potential risks of COVID-19 infection among pregnant women and consequent fetal ... were eligible, presenting low levels of evidence. A total of 755 pregnant women and 598 infants were ... databases in the field of health intended to answer the question, &ldquo ...

    Abstract Background: This study’

    s aims are to assess the current evidence presented in the literature regarding the potential risks of COVID-19 infection among pregnant women and consequent fetal transmission. Methods: a systematic literature review assessing papers published in the most comprehensive databases in the field of health intended to answer the question, “

    What are the effects of COVID-19 infection during pregnancy, and what is the neonatal prognosis?”

    Results: 49 papers published in 2020 were eligible, presenting low levels of evidence. A total of 755 pregnant women and 598 infants were assessed

    more than half of pregnant women had C-sections (379/65%). Only 493 (82%) infants were tested for SARS-CoV-2, nine (2%) of whom tested positive. There is, however, no evidence of vertical transmission based on what has been assessed so far, considering there are knowledge gaps concerning the care provided during and after delivery, as well as a lack of suitable biological samples for testing SARS-CoV-2. Conclusions: We cannot rule out potential worsening of the clinical conditions of pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2, whether the infection is associated with comorbidities or not, due to the occurrence of respiratory disorders, cardiac rhythm disturbances, and acid-base imbalance, among others. We recommend relentless monitoring of all pregnant women in addition to testing them before delivery or the first contact with newborns.
    Keywords COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; pregnancy ; fetal transmission ; mother-to-child transmission ; covid19
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-11
    Publisher Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publishing country ch
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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