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Article ; Online: Diagnosis and treatment of viral liver fibrosis.

Poynard, Thierry / Imbert-Bismut, Francoise / Munteanu, Mona / Ratziu, Vlad

Saudi journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Saudi Gastroenterology Association

2009 Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–19

Abstract: ... treatments on fibrosis progression. Non-invasive biomarkers can facilitate the screening and management ... This review summarized the diagnostic value of fibrosis biomarkers and the efficacy of anti-viral ... of chronic hepatitis C and B. Screening for significant fibrosis is-mandatory as very effective anti-viral ...

Abstract	This review summarized the diagnostic value of fibrosis biomarkers and the efficacy of anti-viral treatments on fibrosis progression. Non-invasive biomarkers can facilitate the screening and management of chronic hepatitis C and B. Screening for significant fibrosis is-mandatory as very effective anti-viral treatments are available, permitting to stop or to reduce the fibrosis progression. The reduction of fibrosis progression will decrease the mortality due to complications of cirrhosis. In patients with chronic hepatitis C, pegylated interferons combined with ribavirin are effective in reducing fibrosis progression. In patients with chronic hepatitis B, lamivudine, adefovir and pegylated interferon are also effective in reducing fibrosis progression. In patients with chronic hepatitis Delta, pegylated interferon is also effective in reducing fibrosis progression.
Language	English
Publishing date	2009-10-27
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2299174-8
ISSN	1998-4049 ; 1319-3767
ISSN (online)	1998-4049
ISSN	1319-3767
DOI	10.4103/1319-3767.33332
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Article ; Online: Diagnosis and treatment of viral liver fibrosis

Poynard Thierry / Imbert-Bismut Francoise / Munteanu Mona / Ratziu Vlad

Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2005 Volume 19

Abstract	This review summarized the diagnostic value of fibrosis biomarkers and the efficacy of anti-viral treatments on fibrosis progression. Non-invasive biomarkers can facilitate the screening and management of chronic hepatitis C and B. Screening for significant fibrosis is-mandatory as very effective anti-viral treatments are available, permitting to stop or to reduce the fibrosis progression. The reduction of fibrosis progression will decrease the mortality due to complications of cirrhosis. In patients with chronic hepatitis C, pegylated interferons combined with ribavirin are effective in reducing fibrosis progression. In patients with chronic hepatitis B, lamivudine, adefovir and pegylated interferon are also effective in reducing fibrosis progression. In patients with chronic hepatitis Delta, pegylated interferon is also effective in reducing fibrosis progression
Keywords	Fibrotest ; Actitest ; FibroSURE ; fibrosis biomarker ; activity biomarker ; liver biopsy limits ; HCV ; HBV ; Alcoholic liver disease ; fatty liver. ; Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ; RC799-869 ; Specialties of internal medicine ; RC581-951 ; Internal medicine ; RC31-1245 ; Medicine ; R ; DOAJ:Gastroenterology ; DOAJ:Medicine (General) ; DOAJ:Health Sciences
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2005-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Recent Advances in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases

Enomoto, Hirayuki

2022

Keywords	Medicine ; Diseases & disorders ; hepatic steatosis ; single nucleotide polymorphism ; HBs antigen ; sequential therapy ; bile duct cancer ; cholangioscope ; genetic mutation ; tumor spread ; biopsy ; hepatocellular carcinoma ; WFA±M2BP ; AFP ; chronic hepatitis C ; direct-acting antivirals ; autotaxin ; hepatitis C virus ; sustained viral response ; Wisteria floribunda agglutinin positive Mac-2 binding protein ; let-7 family ; miRNA ; biomarker ; HBV ; HCV ; HIV ; acute liver failure ; nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases ; NASH ; GRP78 ; liver fibrosis ; hepatic stellate cells ; TGF-β ; JNK signaling pathway
Size	1 electronic resource (98 pages)
Publisher	MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Publishing place	Basel
Document type	Book ; Online
Note	English ; Open Access
HBZ-ID	HT021290786
ISBN	9783036529936 ; 3036529934
Database	ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Article ; Online: Diagnosis of HDV: From virology to non-invasive markers of fibrosis.

Majeed, Nehna Abdul / Hitawala, Asif A / Heller, Theo / Koh, Christopher

Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver

2023 Volume 43 Suppl 1, Page(s) 31–46

Abstract: ... diagnosis, monitoring and treatment. The availability of serologic diagnostic assays for hepatitis D ... of diagnostics and the development of non-invasive markers for the detection and monitoring of fibrosis ... Separately, while liver biopsy remains the gold standard for the staging of this rapidly progressive and ...

Abstract	Hepatitis D viral infection in humans is a disease that requires the establishment of hepatitis B, relying on hepatitis B surface Ag and host cellular machinery to replicate and propagate the infection. Since its discovery in 1977, substantial progress has been made to better understand the hepatitis D viral life cycle, pathogenesis and modes of transmission along with expanding on clinical knowledge related to prevention, diagnosis, monitoring and treatment. The availability of serologic diagnostic assays for hepatitis D infection has evolved over time with current widespread availability, improved detection and standardized reporting. With human migration, the epidemiology of hepatitis D infection has changed over time. Thus, the ability to use diagnostic assays remains essential to monitor the global impact of hepatitis D infection. Separately, while liver biopsy remains the gold standard for the staging of this rapidly progressive and severe form of chronic viral hepatitis, there is an unmet need for clinical monitoring of chronic hepatitis D infection for management of progressive disease. Thus, exploration of the utility of non-invasive fibrosis markers in hepatitis D is ongoing. In this review, we discuss the virology, the evolution of diagnostics and the development of non-invasive markers for the detection and monitoring of fibrosis in patients with hepatitis D infection.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Hepatitis Delta Virus ; Hepatitis D/diagnosis ; Hepatitis D/epidemiology ; Hepatitis D, Chronic/diagnosis ; Hepatitis D, Chronic/pathology ; Hepatitis B ; Hepatitis B virus/genetics ; Fibrosis
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
ZDB-ID	2102783-3
ISSN	1478-3231 ; 1478-3223
ISSN (online)	1478-3231
ISSN	1478-3223
DOI	10.1111/liv.15515
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Article ; Online: Diagnosis and Management of Hepatitis Delta Virus Infection.

Pan, Calvin / Gish, Robert / Jacobson, Ira M / Hu, Ke-Qin / Wedemeyer, Heiner / Martin, Paul

Digestive diseases and sciences

2023 Volume 68, Issue 8, Page(s) 3237–3248

Abstract: ... on current available evidence, we provide recommendations for screening, testing, diagnosis, and treatment ... of hepatitis D infection and review upcoming novel agents that may expand treatment options. The CLDF ... Hepatitis D virus (HDV) depends on hepatitis B virus (HBV) to enter and exit hepatocytes and ...

Abstract	Hepatitis D virus (HDV) depends on hepatitis B virus (HBV) to enter and exit hepatocytes and to replicate. Despite this dependency, HDV can cause severe liver disease. HDV accelerates liver fibrosis, increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma, and hastens hepatic decompensation compared to chronic HBV monoinfection. The Chronic Liver Disease Foundation (CLDF) formed an expert panel to publish updated guidelines on the testing, diagnosis, and management of hepatitis delta virus. The panel group performed network data review on the transmission, epidemiology, natural history, and disease sequelae of acute and chronic HDV infection. Based on current available evidence, we provide recommendations for screening, testing, diagnosis, and treatment of hepatitis D infection and review upcoming novel agents that may expand treatment options. The CLDF recommends universal HDV screening for all patients who are Hepatitis B surface antigen-positive. Initial screening should be with an assay to detect antibodies generated against HDV (anti-HDV). Patients who are positive for anti-HDV IgG antibodies should then undergo quantitative HDV RNA testing. We also provide an algorithm that describes CLDF recommendations on the screening, diagnosis, testing, and initial management of Hepatitis D infection.
MeSH term(s)	Coinfection ; Humans ; Hepatitis Delta Virus ; Hepatitis D/diagnosis ; Hepatitis D/therapy ; Hepatitis D/transmission ; Superinfection ; Hepatitis B virus
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	304250-9
ISSN	1573-2568 ; 0163-2116
ISSN (online)	1573-2568
ISSN	0163-2116
DOI	10.1007/s10620-023-07960-y
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Article: LIVER FIBROSIS: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, DIAGNOSIS, AND EMERGING THERAPEUTIC TARGETS FOR A COMMON COMPLICATION OF CHRONIC LIVER DISEASES.

Jane, A / Vyas, M / Kumar, A / Verma, A / Giresha, A / Patel J, D

Georgian medical news

2023 , Issue 340-341, Page(s) 93–100

Abstract: ... of liver damage and the appearance of HCC. Even though various anti-fibrotic medication options have shown strong ... Fibrosis of the liver, which can be caused by either viral or chemical chronic liver illnesses, is ... damage. Although there are various mechanisms for acute liver injury and diseases-specific cells response, almost ...

Abstract	Fibrosis of the liver, which can be caused by either viral or chemical chronic liver illnesses, is a serious issue for the world's health. Collagen is crucial for the development of the illness and the possibility of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which is linked to the progression of liver damage. Although there are various mechanisms for acute liver injury and diseases-specific cells response, almost all of fatty liver aetiologies share similar trends in the development of fibrous liver damage. The scientific community's knowledge of the fundamental causes of fibrosis of the liver has undergone a significant shift during the last ten years. It has been shown that the fundamental trigger, such as the control or management of an infectious disease, can be eradicated or eliminated in order to reverse liver fibrosis. Reversing frequently occurs prematurely or too rarely, particularly in severe fibrosis, to avoid possibly fatal effects. Therefore, there is an urgent need for anti-fibrotic medications to halt the progression of liver damage and the appearance of HCC. Even though various anti-fibrotic medication options have shown strong anti-fibrotic effects in lab animals, research studies have only seen a small amount or none of these advantages. There is not an approved remedy for the condition as a result. In this article, we give a general overview of the physiological and molecular origins of collagen in chronic liver disease and investigate how these causes can impact the quickly developing field of anti-fibrotic treatments.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/complications ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/diagnosis ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy ; Liver Neoplasms/complications ; Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Liver Cirrhosis/complications ; Liver Cirrhosis/diagnosis ; Liver Cirrhosis/drug therapy ; Fibrosis ; Chronic Disease ; Collagen
Chemical Substances	Collagen (9007-34-5)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-05
Publishing country	Georgia (Republic)
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2443648-3
ISSN	1512-0112
ISSN	1512-0112
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Article ; Online: Cirrhosis: Diagnosis and Management.

Smith, Andrew / Baumgartner, Katrina / Bositis, Christopher

American family physician

2020 Volume 100, Issue 12, Page(s) 759–770

Abstract: ... FibroSure, nonalcoholic fatty liver fibrosis score, standard ultrasonography, and transient elastography ... fibrosis. Chronic liver disease management includes directed counseling, laboratory testing, and ultrasound ... liver disease, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Initial workup includes viral hepatitis serologies, ferritin ...

Abstract	Cirrhosis is the 12th leading cause of death in the United States. Newer research has established that liver fibrosis is a dynamic process and that early cirrhosis may be reversible. Only one in three people with cirrhosis knows they have it. Most patients with cirrhosis remain asymptomatic until the onset of decompensation. When clinical signs, symptoms, or abnormal liver function tests are discovered, further evaluation should be pursued promptly. The most common causes of cirrhosis are viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Initial workup includes viral hepatitis serologies, ferritin, transferrin saturation, and abdominal ultrasonography as well as complete blood count, liver function tests, and prothrombin time/international normalized ratio, if not already ordered. Additional testing is based on demographics and risk factors. Common serum and ultrasound-based screening tests to assess fibrosis include the aspartate transaminase to platelet ratio index score, Fibrosis 4 score, FibroTest/FibroSure, nonalcoholic fatty liver fibrosis score, standard ultrasonography, and transient elastography. Generally, noninvasive tests are most useful in identifying patients with no to minimal fibrosis or advanced fibrosis. Chronic liver disease management includes directed counseling, laboratory testing, and ultrasound monitoring. Treatment goals are preventing cirrhosis, decompensation, and death. Varices are monitored with endoscopy and often require prophylaxis with nonselective beta blockers. Ascites treatment includes diuresis, salt restriction, and antibiotic prophylaxis for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, when indicated. Hepatic encephalopathy is managed with lifestyle and nutritional modifications and, as needed, with lactulose and rifaximin. Hepatocellular carcinoma screening includes ultrasound screening every six months for patients with cirrhosis.
MeSH term(s)	Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis/diagnosis ; Liver Cirrhosis/etiology ; Liver Cirrhosis/physiopathology ; Liver Cirrhosis/therapy ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/complications
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	412694-4
ISSN	1532-0650 ; 0002-838X ; 0572-3612
ISSN (online)	1532-0650
ISSN	0002-838X ; 0572-3612
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Article: Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Disease: Current Trends and Future Directions.

Wazir, Hina / Abid, Marium / Essani, Binish / Saeed, Hira / Ahmad Khan, Muhammad / Nasrullah, Fnu / Qadeer, Usama / Khalid, Ayesha / Varrassi, Giustino / Muzammil, Muhammad Ali / Maryam, Areeba / Syed, Abdul Rehman Shah / Shah, Abdul Ahad / Kinger, Satish / Ullah, Farhan

Cureus

2023 Volume 15, Issue 12, Page(s) e49920

Abstract: ... the potential to redefine the landscape of liver disease diagnosis and treatment. ... for their role in enabling early detection and accurate staging of liver diseases. In the realm of treatment ... health. Chronic liver diseases often evolve insidiously, progressing from inflammation to fibrosis and ...

Abstract	This narrative review delves into the intricate landscape of liver diseases, providing a comprehensive background of the diverse conditions that afflict this vital organ. Liver diseases, ranging from viral hepatitis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), pose significant global health challenges. Understanding these diseases' multifaceted origins and progression is pivotal for developing effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. The epidemiology and etiology of liver diseases emphasize the global impact of viral hepatitis, with hepatitis B and C as significant contributors. Concurrently, the rising prevalence of NAFLD, linked to lifestyle factors and metabolic syndrome, underscores the intricate relationship between modern living and liver health. Chronic liver diseases often evolve insidiously, progressing from inflammation to fibrosis and, ultimately, to cirrhosis - a stage characterized by irreversible scarring and compromised function. The heightened risk of HCC in advanced liver disease stages further underscores the urgency of effective diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. The evolving landscape of non-invasive diagnostic tools is explored for their role in enabling early detection and accurate staging of liver diseases. In the realm of treatment, there is a continuous transition toward personalized medicine, customized to suit the unique profiles of individual patients. This shift encompasses a broad spectrum, ranging from personalized pharmacological interventions to lifestyle modifications and surgical options. Delving into innovative therapies, such as gene editing and immunomodulation, offers a glimpse into the promising future directions that have the potential to redefine the landscape of liver disease diagnosis and treatment.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.49920
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Article: A Comprehensive Review of Liver Allograft Fibrosis and Steatosis: From Cause to Diagnosis.

Rabindranath, Madhumitha / Zaya, Rita / Prayitno, Khairunnadiya / Orchanian-Cheff, Ani / Patel, Keyur / Jaeckel, Elmar / Bhat, Mamatha

Transplantation direct

2023 Volume 9, Issue 11, Page(s) e1547

Abstract: ... hepatitis and alcoholic liver disease. To better understand the landscape of the graft fibrosis literature ... of patients. However, with an increasing prevalence of obesity and diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver ... associated liver injury is anticipated to become an important cause of graft fibrosis alongside alloimmune ...

Abstract	Despite advances in posttransplant care, long-term outcomes for liver transplant recipients remain unchanged. Approximately 25% of recipients will advance to graft cirrhosis and require retransplantation. Graft fibrosis progresses in the context of de novo or recurrent disease. Recurrent hepatitis C virus infection was previously the most important cause of graft failure but is now curable in the majority of patients. However, with an increasing prevalence of obesity and diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease as the most rapidly increasing indication for liver transplantation, metabolic dysfunction-associated liver injury is anticipated to become an important cause of graft fibrosis alongside alloimmune hepatitis and alcoholic liver disease. To better understand the landscape of the graft fibrosis literature, we summarize the associated epidemiology, cause, potential mechanisms, diagnosis, and complications. We additionally highlight the need for better noninvasive methods to ameliorate the management of graft fibrosis. Some examples include leveraging the microbiome, genetic, and machine learning methods to address these limitations. Overall, graft fibrosis is routinely seen by transplant clinicians, but it requires a better understanding of its underlying biology and contributors that can help inform diagnostic and therapeutic practices.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2373-8731
ISSN	2373-8731
DOI	10.1097/TXD.0000000000001547
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Article ; Online: Fuzzy ontology-based approach for liver fibrosis diagnosis

Sara Sweidan / Nuha Zamzami / Sahar F. Sabbeh

Journal of King Saud University: Computer and Information Sciences, Vol 35, Iss 8, Pp 101720- (2023)

2023

Abstract: ... for predicting the severity of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic viral hepatitis C. The proposed system is ... electronic health record ecosystems. The positive impacts of this system on the correct prediction of liver fibrosis ... severity thus suggest that it has the potential to assist medical professionals in diagnosing and treating ...

Abstract	The domain of the digestive system is prone to severe chronic disease in the form of liver cirrhosis, which is currently a leading cause of mortality. This article presents a new intelligent system for predicting the severity of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic viral hepatitis C. The proposed system is based on the inference capabilities of fuzzy ontology and operates on semantic rule-based techniques. A fuzzy decision tree technique was employed to generate the ontology rule base using a dataset of real fibrosis cases from the Mansoura University Hospital, Egypt. These rules were then encoded into a set of fuzzy semantic rules using the fuzzy description logic format. To evaluate the system’s effectiveness, the proposed ontology was then tested on 47 chronic HCV cases, with an attempt made to see if this correctly diagnosed the patients’ conditions. The performance of the proposed system was compared with that of the now-standard Mamdani fuzzy inference system; while the latter achieved an accuracy of 95.7/%, the proposed fuzzy ontology-based system demonstrated higher performance, with 97.8% accuracy. Furthermore, the proposed system also supports semantic interoperability between clinical decision support systems and electronic health record ecosystems. The positive impacts of this system on the correct prediction of liver fibrosis severity thus suggest that it has the potential to assist medical professionals in diagnosing and treating this dangerous disease.
Keywords	Liver fibrosis ; Fuzzy ontology ; Rule-based system ; Semantics reasoning ; Fuzzy reasoning ; Electronic computers. Computer science ; QA75.5-76.95
Subject code	006
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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