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  1. TI=Immune response to COVID 19 infection: a double edged sword
  2. AU="Conte, Luigi Eduardo"

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  1. Artikel ; Online: Immune response to COVID-19 infection: a double-edged sword.

    Saad, Norma / Moussa, Salim

    Immunological medicine

    2021  Band 44, Heft 3, Seite(n) 187–196

    Abstract: ... an essential step in order to develop effective treatment and vaccine. Recovery from COVID-19 infection was ... also in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. In addition, it highlighted the immunological basis for the new ... COVID-19 global pandemic has not ceased to spread worldwide since December 2019. Today, scientists ...

    Abstract COVID-19 global pandemic has not ceased to spread worldwide since December 2019. Today, scientists and healthcare workers are urgently working to stop this viral invasion and protect the world community. Deciphering the specific cellular and molecular immune response to the new coronavirus 2019 is an essential step in order to develop effective treatment and vaccine. Recovery from COVID-19 infection was linked to appropriate immune responses. However, disease severity was correlated to impaired immune reactions. This review summarized the latest research findings on the role of immune system in fighting and also in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. In addition, it highlighted the immunological basis for the new coronavirus 2019 prevention, therapy and diagnosis.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Adaptive Immunity/immunology ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; COVID-19/immunology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19/therapy ; Complement System Proteins/immunology ; Cytokine Release Syndrome/immunology ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins ; Inflammasomes ; Inflammation/immunology ; Neutrophils/immunology ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology ; SARS-CoV-2/pathogenicity ; Serologic Tests/methods ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology
    Chemische Substanzen Immunoglobulins ; Inflammasomes ; Complement System Proteins (9007-36-7)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2021-01-14
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2578-5826
    ISSN (online) 2578-5826
    DOI 10.1080/25785826.2020.1870305
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Artikel ; Online: TLRs: Innate Immune Sentries against SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

    Mantovani, Stefania / Oliviero, Barbara / Varchetta, Stefania / Renieri, Alessandra / Mondelli, Mario U

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2023  Band 24, Heft 9

    Abstract: ... demonstrated that they contribute to the dysregulated immune response observed in patients with severe COVID-19 ... a double-edged sword which may elicit dysregulated immune signaling, leading to the production ... Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ...

    Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been responsible for a devastating pandemic since March 2020. Toll-like receptors (TLRs), crucial components in the initiation of innate immune responses to different pathogens, trigger the downstream production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, interferons, and other mediators. It has been demonstrated that they contribute to the dysregulated immune response observed in patients with severe COVID-19. TLR2, TLR3, TLR4 and TLR7 have been associated with COVID-19 severity. Here, we review the role of TLRs in the etiology and pathogenesis of COVID-19, including TLR7 and TLR3 rare variants, the L412F polymorphism in TLR3 that negatively regulates anti-SARS-CoV-2 immune responses, the TLR3-related cellular senescence, the interaction of TLR2 and TLR4 with SARS-CoV-2 proteins and implication of TLR2 in NET formation by SARS-CoV-2. The activation of TLRs contributes to viral clearance and disease resolution. However, TLRs may represent a double-edged sword which may elicit dysregulated immune signaling, leading to the production of proinflammatory mediators, resulting in severe disease. TLR-dependent excessive inflammation and TLR-dependent antiviral response may tip the balance towards the former or the latter, altering the equilibrium that drives the severity of disease.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; Toll-Like Receptor 2 ; COVID-19 ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; Toll-Like Receptor 3 ; Toll-Like Receptor 7 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Toll-Like Receptors ; Cytokines ; Immunity, Innate
    Chemische Substanzen Toll-Like Receptor 2 ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; Toll-Like Receptor 3 ; Toll-Like Receptor 7 ; Toll-Like Receptors ; Cytokines
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-04-29
    Erscheinungsland Switzerland
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms24098065
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Artikel ; Online: Monogenic autoimmunity and infectious diseases: the double-edged sword of immune dysregulation.

    Bigley, Tarin M / Cooper, Megan A

    Current opinion in immunology

    2021  Band 72, Seite(n) 230–238

    Abstract: ... coordinated immune response to pathogens, for example type I interferon and cytokine signaling, the complement ... pathway and proper differentiation of the immune response. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has highlighted how ... involved in development of autoimmunity and immune tolerance. It has also become clear that such inborn ...

    Abstract The study of monogenic autoimmune diseases has provided key insights into molecular mechanisms involved in development of autoimmunity and immune tolerance. It has also become clear that such inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) frequently present clinically not only with autoimmune diseases, but also frequently have increased susceptibility to infection. The genes associated with monogenic autoimmunity influence diverse functional pathways, and the resulting immune dysregulation also impacts the complex and coordinated immune response to pathogens, for example type I interferon and cytokine signaling, the complement pathway and proper differentiation of the immune response. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has highlighted how monogenic autoimmunity can increase risk for serious infection with the discovery of severe disease in patients with pre-existing antibodies to Type I IFNs. This review discusses recent insight into the relationship between monogenic autoimmunity and infectious diseases.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Animals ; Autoimmune Diseases/genetics ; Autoimmune Diseases/immunology ; COVID-19/genetics ; COVID-19/immunology ; Communicable Diseases/genetics ; Communicable Diseases/immunology ; Disease Susceptibility ; Humans ; Interferon Type I/metabolism ; SARS-CoV-2/physiology
    Chemische Substanzen Interferon Type I
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2021-07-12
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1035767-1
    ISSN 1879-0372 ; 0952-7915
    ISSN (online) 1879-0372
    ISSN 0952-7915
    DOI 10.1016/j.coi.2021.06.013
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Artikel ; Online: Hyperinflammatory Immune Response and COVID-19: A Double Edged Sword.

    Tan, Li Yin / Komarasamy, Thamil Vaani / Rmt Balasubramaniam, Vinod

    Frontiers in immunology

    2021  Band 12, Seite(n) 742941

    Abstract: ... of SARS-CoV-2 infection is attributed to a complex interplay between virus and host immune response ... The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) elicited by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus ... evidence has raised concern over the long-term health effects of COVID-19. Importantly, the neuroinvasive ...

    Abstract The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) elicited by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused devastating health, economic and social impact worldwide. Its clinical spectrum ranges from asymptomatic to respiratory failure and multi-organ failure or death. The pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection is attributed to a complex interplay between virus and host immune response. It involves activation of multiple inflammatory pathways leading to hyperinflammation and cytokine storm, resulting in tissue damage, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multi-organ failure. Accumulating evidence has raised concern over the long-term health effects of COVID-19. Importantly, the neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV-2 may have devastating consequences in the brain. This review provides a conceptual framework on how the virus tricks the host immune system to induce infection and cause severe disease. We also explore the key differences between mild and severe COVID-19 and its short- and long-term effects, particularly on the human brain.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Adaptive Immunity/immunology ; COVID-19/complications ; COVID-19/immunology ; COVID-19/pathology ; Cytokine Release Syndrome/immunology ; Cytokine Release Syndrome/pathology ; Cytokines/blood ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate/immunology ; Multiple Organ Failure/pathology ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome/pathology ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology ; Sex Factors ; Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome
    Chemische Substanzen Cytokines
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2021-09-30
    Erscheinungsland Switzerland
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2021.742941
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Artikel ; Online: The immune response as a double-edged sword: The lesson learnt during the COVID-19 pandemic.

    Agrati, Chiara / Carsetti, Rita / Bordoni, Veronica / Sacchi, Alessandra / Quintarelli, Concetta / Locatelli, Franco / Ippolito, Giuseppe / Capobianchi, Maria R

    Immunology

    2022  Band 167, Heft 3, Seite(n) 287–302

    Abstract: ... us about the immune response, highlighting its features of a double-edged sword mediating both protective and pathogenic ... The COVID-19 pandemic has represented an unprecedented challenge for the humanity, and scientists ... to severe/deadly disease, and the indication of the key role played by the immune response in influencing ...

    Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has represented an unprecedented challenge for the humanity, and scientists around the world provided a huge effort to elucidate critical aspects in the fight against the pathogen, useful in designing public health strategies, vaccines and therapeutic approaches. One of the first pieces of evidence characterizing the SARS-CoV-2 infection has been its breadth of clinical presentation, ranging from asymptomatic to severe/deadly disease, and the indication of the key role played by the immune response in influencing disease severity. This review is aimed at summarizing what the SARS-CoV-2 infection taught us about the immune response, highlighting its features of a double-edged sword mediating both protective and pathogenic processes. We will discuss the protective role of soluble and cellular innate immunity and the detrimental power of a hyper-inflammation-shaped immune response, resulting in tissue injury and immunothrombotic events. We will review the importance of B- and T-cell immunity in reducing the clinical severity and their ability to cross-recognize viral variants.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) COVID-19 ; Humans ; Immunity ; Inflammation ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-09-05
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80124-0
    ISSN 1365-2567 ; 0019-2805 ; 0953-4954
    ISSN (online) 1365-2567
    ISSN 0019-2805 ; 0953-4954
    DOI 10.1111/imm.13564
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Artikel ; Online: Lipid rafts as viral entry routes and immune platforms: A double-edged sword in SARS-CoV-2 infection?

    Roncato, Rossana / Angelini, Jacopo / Pani, Arianna / Talotta, Rossella

    Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular and cell biology of lipids

    2022  Band 1867, Heft 6, Seite(n) 159140

    Abstract: ... a prerequisite for adequate immune response and viral clearance. In this narrative review we dissect the panorama ... lipid rafts contribute to the formation of immune synapses and their proper functioning is ... for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection, such as glucocorticoids, antimalarials, immunosuppressants and ...

    Abstract Lipid rafts are nanoscopic compartments of cell membranes that serve a variety of biological functions. They play a crucial role in viral infections, as enveloped viruses such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can exploit rafts to enter or quit target cells. On the other hand, lipid rafts contribute to the formation of immune synapses and their proper functioning is a prerequisite for adequate immune response and viral clearance. In this narrative review we dissect the panorama focusing on this singular aspect of cell biology in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection and therapy. A lipid raft-mediated mechanism can be hypothesized for many drugs recommended or considered for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection, such as glucocorticoids, antimalarials, immunosuppressants and antiviral agents. Furthermore, the additional use of lipid-lowering agents, like statins, may affect the lipid composition of membrane rafts and thus influence the processes occurring in these compartments. The combination of drugs acting on lipid rafts may be successful in the treatment of more severe forms of the disease and should be reserved for further investigation.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; Lipids ; Membrane Microdomains ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Virus Internalization ; COVID-19 Drug Treatment
    Chemische Substanzen Lipids
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-03-04
    Erscheinungsland Netherlands
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 60-7
    ISSN 1879-2618 ; 1879-2596 ; 1879-260X ; 1872-8006 ; 1879-2642 ; 1879-2650 ; 0006-3002 ; 0005-2728 ; 0005-2736 ; 0304-4165 ; 0167-4838 ; 1388-1981 ; 0167-4889 ; 0167-4781 ; 0304-419X ; 1570-9639 ; 0925-4439 ; 1874-9399
    ISSN (online) 1879-2618 ; 1879-2596 ; 1879-260X ; 1872-8006 ; 1879-2642 ; 1879-2650
    ISSN 0006-3002 ; 0005-2728 ; 0005-2736 ; 0304-4165 ; 0167-4838 ; 1388-1981 ; 0167-4889 ; 0167-4781 ; 0304-419X ; 1570-9639 ; 0925-4439 ; 1874-9399
    DOI 10.1016/j.bbalip.2022.159140
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Artikel: Immunoregulatory Intestinal Microbiota and COVID-19 in Patients with Type Two Diabetes: A Double-Edged Sword

    Petakh, Pavlo / Kamyshna, Iryna / Nykyforuk, Andriy / Yao, Rouan / Imbery, John F. / Oksenych, Valentyn / Korda, Mykhaylo / Kamyshnyi, Aleksandr

    Viruses. 2022 Feb. 25, v. 14, no. 3

    2022  

    Abstract: ... in a pro-inflammatory immune response, and consequently, a more severe course of COVID-19. However, changes ... Coronavirus disease 2019, or COVID-19, is a major challenge facing scientists worldwide. Alongside ... the lungs, the system of organs comprising the GI tract is commonly targeted by COVID-19. The dysbiotic ...

    Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019, or COVID-19, is a major challenge facing scientists worldwide. Alongside the lungs, the system of organs comprising the GI tract is commonly targeted by COVID-19. The dysbiotic modulations in the intestine influence the disease severity, potentially due to the ability of the intestinal microbiota to modulate T lymphocyte functions, i.e., to suppress or activate T cell subpopulations. The interplay between the lungs and intestinal microbiota is named the gut–lung axis. One of the most usual comorbidities in COVID-19 patients is type 2 diabetes, which induces changes in intestinal microbiota, resulting in a pro-inflammatory immune response, and consequently, a more severe course of COVID-19. However, changes in the microbiota in this comorbid pathology remain unclear. Metformin is used as a medication to treat type 2 diabetes. The use of the type 2 diabetes drug metformin is a promising treatment for this comorbidity because, in addition to its hypoglycemic action, it can increase amount of intestinal bacteria that induce regulatory T cell response. This dual activity of metformin can reduce lung damage and improve the course of the COVID-19 disease.
    Schlagwörter COVID-19 infection ; T-lymphocytes ; comorbidity ; digestive tract ; disease severity ; drug therapy ; immune response ; immunomodulation ; intestinal microorganisms ; intestines ; lungs ; metformin ; noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf 2022-0225
    Erscheinungsort Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Dokumenttyp Artikel
    ZDB-ID 2516098-9
    ISSN 1999-4915
    ISSN 1999-4915
    DOI 10.3390/v14030477
    Datenquelle NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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