Article ; Online: Prevention and treatment of COVID-19 disease by controlled modulation of innate immunity.
European journal of immunology
2020 Volume 50, Issue 7, Page(s) 932–938
Abstract: The recent outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), triggered ... that aim for augmented anti-coronavirus immunity and reduction of pathological inflammation. ... effective vaccine will be available, the immediate priority is to harness innate immunity to accelerate ...
| Abstract | The recent outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), triggered by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) poses an enormous threat to global public health and economies. Human coronaviruses normally cause no or mild respiratory disease but in the past two decades, potentially fatal coronavirus infections have emerged, causing respiratory tract illnesses such as pneumonia and bronchitis. These include severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), followed by the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and recently the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus outbreak that emerged in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Currently, most COVID-19 patients receive traditional supportive care including breathing assistance. To halt the ongoing spread of the pandemic SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus and rescue individual patients, established drugs and new therapies are under evaluation. Since it will be some time until a safe and effective vaccine will be available, the immediate priority is to harness innate immunity to accelerate early antiviral immune responses. Second, since excessive inflammation is a major cause of pathology, targeted anti-inflammatory responses are being evaluated to reduce inflammation-induced damage to the respiratory tract and cytokine storms. Here, we highlight prominent immunotherapies at various stages of development that aim for augmented anti-coronavirus immunity and reduction of pathological inflammation. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/adverse effects ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use ; Antiviral Agents/adverse effects ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Betacoronavirus/physiology ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/drug therapy ; Coronavirus Infections/immunology ; Coronavirus Infections/pathology ; Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Coronavirus Infections/therapy ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate/drug effects ; Immunization, Passive ; Immunomodulation ; Immunotherapy/methods ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Pneumonia, Viral/drug therapy ; Pneumonia, Viral/immunology ; Pneumonia, Viral/pathology ; Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 Serotherapy |
| Chemical Substances | Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; Antiviral Agents |
| Keywords | covid19 |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2020-06-15 |
| Publishing country | Germany |
| Document type | Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review |
| ZDB-ID | 120108-6 |
| ISSN | 1521-4141 ; 0014-2980 |
| ISSN (online) | 1521-4141 |
| ISSN | 0014-2980 |
| DOI | 10.1002/eji.202048693 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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