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  1. Article ; Online: COVID-19 And Racial/Ethnic Disparities In Health Risk, Employment, And Household Composition.

    Selden, Thomas M / Berdahl, Terceira A

    Health affairs (Project Hope)

    2020  Volume 39, Issue 9, Page(s) 1624–1632

    Abstract: ... disparities-namely, differences in job characteristics and how they interact with household composition ... ethnic disparities in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) hospitalizations and mortality. Black adults ... in every age group were more likely than White adults to have health risks associated with severe COVID-19 illness ...

    Abstract We used data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey to explore potential explanations for racial/ethnic disparities in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) hospitalizations and mortality. Black adults in every age group were more likely than White adults to have health risks associated with severe COVID-19 illness. However, Whites were older, on average, than Blacks. Thus, when all factors were considered, Whites tended to be at higher overall risk compared with Blacks, with Asians and Hispanics having much lower overall levels of risk compared with either Whites or Blacks. We explored additional explanations for COVID-19 disparities-namely, differences in job characteristics and how they interact with household composition. Blacks at high risk for severe illness were 1.6 times as likely as Whites to live in households containing health-sector workers. Among Hispanic adults at high risk for severe illness, 64.5 percent lived in households with at least one worker who was unable to work from home, versus 56.5 percent among Black adults and only 46.6 percent among White adults.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; COVID-19 ; Communicable Disease Control/organization & administration ; Continental Population Groups/statistics & numerical data ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Databases, Factual ; Employment/statistics & numerical data ; Ethnic Groups/statistics & numerical data ; Family Characteristics/ethnology ; Female ; Health Status Disparities ; Healthcare Disparities/economics ; Healthcare Disparities/ethnology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Pandemics/statistics & numerical data ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control ; Risk Assessment ; United States ; Vulnerable Populations
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 632712-6
    ISSN 1544-5208 ; 0278-2715
    ISSN (online) 1544-5208
    ISSN 0278-2715
    DOI 10.1377/hlthaff.2020.00897
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: COVID-19 And Racial/Ethnic Disparities In Health Risk, Employment, And Household Composition

    Selden, Thomas M / Berdahl, Terceira A

    Health Aff (Millwood)

    Abstract: ... disparities-namely, differences in job characteristics and how they interact with household composition ... ethnic disparities in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) hospitalizations and mortality. Black adults ... in every age group were more likely than White adults to have health risks associated with severe COVID-19 illness ...

    Abstract We used data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey to explore potential explanations for racial/ethnic disparities in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) hospitalizations and mortality. Black adults in every age group were more likely than White adults to have health risks associated with severe COVID-19 illness. However, Whites were older, on average, than Blacks. Thus, when all factors were considered, Whites tended to be at higher overall risk compared with Blacks, with Asians and Hispanics having much lower overall levels of risk compared with either Whites or Blacks. We explored additional explanations for COVID-19 disparities-namely, differences in job characteristics and how they interact with household composition. Blacks at high risk for severe illness were 1.6 times as likely as Whites to live in households containing health-sector workers. Among Hispanic adults at high risk for severe illness, 64.5 percent lived in households with at least one worker who was unable to work from home, versus 56.5 percent among Black adults and only 46.6 percent among White adults.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #646932
    Database COVID19

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  3. Article ; Online: Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Food Insufficiency in Families with Children During the COVID-19 Pandemic: the Role of Risk and Protective Factors.

    Fusaro, Vincent / Mattingly, Marybeth J

    Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities

    2023  

    Abstract: ... household head age, educational attainment, single mother household composition, and employment-and ... of the disparities in risk. Both the distribution and degree of risk associated with single mother household ... insufficiency. These could relate to racial and ethnic disparities in two ways-through aggregate differences ...

    Abstract Background: Black and Hispanic households are at elevated risk of food insecurity and insufficiency-correlates of adverse outcomes in areas such as health and mental health-relative to White households in the USA. The COVID-19 pandemic and its economic shock threatened to further exacerbate these issues. Research has identified a number of risk and protective factors for food insecurity and insufficiency. These could relate to racial and ethnic disparities in two ways-through aggregate differences in the distribution of characteristics such as educational attainment and employment or through differences in the degree of risk or protection associated with a factor. We examined the relationship between four factors-household head age, educational attainment, single mother household composition, and employment-and disparities in food insufficiency between White, Black, and Hispanic households with children during the COVID-19 pandemic to consider these pathways.
    Methods: We analyzed data from the Census Bureau's Household Pulse Survey using bivariate statistics, multivariable regression, and decomposition methods to understand differences in the prevalence and consequences of underlying risk and protective factors for food insufficiency in households with children.
    Results: Consistent with prior literature, we documented higher rates of food insufficiency among Black and Hispanic households compared to White households. Differences in the distributions of education and employment accounted for a substantial fraction of the disparities in risk. Both the distribution and degree of risk associated with single mother household composition also related to disparities, but these differences were muted after accounting for economic resources. Much, though not all, of the relationship between the distributions of education and disparate risk of food insufficiency were also captured by differences in economic resources.
    Conclusion: This study provides insight into the structure underlying racial and ethnic disparities in food insufficiency during the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting the importance of human capital, income, and assets.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-19
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2760524-3
    ISSN 2196-8837 ; 2197-3792
    ISSN (online) 2196-8837
    ISSN 2197-3792
    DOI 10.1007/s40615-023-01881-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Population-Level Disparities in COVID-19: Measuring the Independent Association of the Proportion of Black Population on COVID-19 Cases and Deaths in US Counties.

    Gaglioti, Anne H / Li, Chaohua / Douglas, Megan D / Baltrus, Peter T / Blount, Mitchell A / Zahidi, Rabab / Caplan, Lee S / Willock, Robina Josiah / Fasuyi, Omofolarin B / Mack, Dominic H

    Journal of public health management and practice : JPHMP

    2021  Volume 27, Issue 3, Page(s) 268–277

    Abstract: ... for the disproportionate impact of COVID-19 on racial and ethnic minority populations. Results can inform efforts ... Context: There is a need to understand population race and ethnicity disparities in the context ... of sociodemographic risk factors in the US experience of the COVID-19 pandemic.: Objective: Determine ...

    Abstract Context: There is a need to understand population race and ethnicity disparities in the context of sociodemographic risk factors in the US experience of the COVID-19 pandemic.
    Objective: Determine the association between county-level proportion of non-Hispanic Black (NHB) on county COVID-19 case and death rates and observe how this association was influenced by county sociodemographic and health care infrastructure characteristics.
    Design and setting: This was an ecologic analysis of US counties as of September 20, 2020, that employed stepwise construction of linear and negative binomial regression models. The primary independent variable was the proportion of NHB population in the county. Covariates included county demographic composition, proportion uninsured, proportion living in crowded households, proportion living in poverty, population density, state testing rate, Primary Care Health Professional Shortage Area status, and hospital beds per 1000 population.
    Main outcome measures: Outcomes were exponentiated COVID-19 cases per 100 000 population and COVID-19 deaths per 100 000 population. We produced county-level maps of the measures of interest.
    Results: In total, 3044 of 3142 US counties were included. Bivariate relationships between the proportion of NHB in a county and county COVID-19 case (Exp β = 1.026; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.024-1.028; P < .001) and death rates (rate ratio [RR] = 1.032; 95% CI, 1.029-1.035; P < .001) were not attenuated in fully adjusted models. The adjusted association between the proportion of NHB population in a county and county COVID-19 case was Exp β = 1.025 (95% CI, 1.023-1.027; P < .001) and the association with county death rates was RR = 1.034 (95% CI, 1.031-1.038; P < .001).
    Conclusions: The proportion of NHB people in a county was positively associated with county COVID-19 case and death rates and did not change in models that accounted for other socioecologic and health care infrastructure characteristics that have been hypothesized to account for the disproportionate impact of COVID-19 on racial and ethnic minority populations. Results can inform efforts to mitigate the impact of structural racism of COVID-19.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Black or African American/statistics & numerical data ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/mortality ; COVID-19/therapy ; Ethnicity/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Health Status Disparities ; Humans ; Local Government ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Minority Groups/statistics & numerical data ; Pandemics/statistics & numerical data ; Population Surveillance ; Risk Factors ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Socioeconomic Factors ; United States/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2027860-3
    ISSN 1550-5022 ; 1078-4659
    ISSN (online) 1550-5022
    ISSN 1078-4659
    DOI 10.1097/PHH.0000000000001354
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 5302: Show issues Location:
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    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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