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  1. TI=Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children in COVID 19 Pandemic
  2. AU="Bone, Helen"

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  1. Artikel ; Online: Capillary leak syndrome was associated with more severe multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children during the COVID-19 pandemic.

    Kahn, Robin / Mossberg, Maria / Berthold, Elisabet / Schmidt, Tobias / Najibi, Seyed Morteza / Månsson, Bengt / Król, Petra

    Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)

    2024  Band 113, Heft 6, Seite(n) 1404–1411

    Abstract: ... in children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), associated with COVID-19. We also ... Aim: This population-based study investigated the occurrence of capillary leak syndrome (CLS ...

    Abstract Aim: This population-based study investigated the occurrence of capillary leak syndrome (CLS) in children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), associated with COVID-19. We also examined associations between CLS and MIS-C disease severity.
    Methods: All eligible individuals aged 0-18 years, who were diagnosed with MIS-C in Skåne, southern Sweden, from 1 April 2020 to 31 July 2021, were studied. They were all included in the Pediatric Rheumatology Quality Register and clinical and laboratory data were compared between patients with and without CLS.
    Results: We included 31 patients (61% male) with MIS-C in the study. The median age at diagnosis was 10.6 years (range 1.99-17.15) and 45% developed CLS. All six patients who required intensive care had CLS. Patients with CLS also had a higher incidence of reduced cardiac function, measured as low ejection fraction. The CLS group exhibited significantly higher C-reactive protein values (p < 0.001) and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels (p < 0.001), as well as lower platelet counts (p = 0.03), during the first week of treatment. Individuals with CLS also received more intense immunosuppression.
    Conclusion: CLS was a common complication of MIS-C in our study and these patients had a more severe disease course that required more intensive treatment.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; COVID-19/complications ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Child ; Male ; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/epidemiology ; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/diagnosis ; Capillary Leak Syndrome/epidemiology ; Capillary Leak Syndrome/etiology ; Capillary Leak Syndrome/diagnosis ; Female ; Adolescent ; Child, Preschool ; Infant ; Severity of Illness Index ; Sweden/epidemiology
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2024-02-19
    Erscheinungsland Norway
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 203487-6
    ISSN 1651-2227 ; 0365-1436 ; 0803-5253
    ISSN (online) 1651-2227
    ISSN 0365-1436 ; 0803-5253
    DOI 10.1111/apa.17162
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  2. Artikel ; Online: Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review of Clinical Manifestations, Cardiac Complications and Medical Management.

    Pandit, Maya / Frishman, William H

    Cardiology in review

    2024  

    Abstract: ... inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). MIS-C is hypothesized to be due to hyperactivation ... an increasing number of case reports have revealed a rare but potentially life-threatening syndrome, multisystem ... The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has led to widespread research on associated clinical syndromes ...

    Abstract The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has led to widespread research on associated clinical syndromes. While pediatric patients were initially deemed as a low-risk population for severe COVID-related disease, an increasing number of case reports have revealed a rare but potentially life-threatening syndrome, multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). MIS-C is hypothesized to be due to hyperactivation of the immune system via a cytokine storm which leads to end-organ damage via endothelial dysfunction and changes in vascular permeability. Laboratory studies have displayed increased inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, D-dimer, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and various interleukins. Studies have reported a wide range of clinical manifestations, including but not limited to fever, hypotension, shock, rash, coagulopathy, and gastrointestinal distress. Cardiac imaging and screening tests have revealed several complications, such as left ventricular failure, arrhythmias, and pericardial effusions. Medical management of MIS-C and cardiac sequelae have included supportive care, intravenous immunoglobulins, and corticosteroids, as well as immunomodulators, monoclonal antibodies, aspirin, and therapeutic anticoagulation, which have prevented serious outcomes in the majority of pediatric patients. Future multicenter and large-scale research is required for precise risk-stratification of MIS-C as well as long-term monitoring of sequelae. In this review, we aim to (1) outline the laboratory findings and clinical manifestations of MIS-C, and (2) describe cardiac complications and medical management of MIS-C.
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2024-01-03
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1294965-6
    ISSN 1538-4683 ; 1061-5377
    ISSN (online) 1538-4683
    ISSN 1061-5377
    DOI 10.1097/CRD.0000000000000565
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  3. Artikel ; Online: Dermatologic manifestations of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children during the COVID-19 pandemic.

    Baykal Selçuk, Leyla / Ferhatosmanoğlu, Arzu / Gayretli Aydın, Zeynep Gökçe / Aksu Arıca, Deniz / Yeşilbaş, Osman

    Anais brasileiros de dermatologia

    2022  Band 98, Heft 2, Seite(n) 168–175

    Abstract: Objectives: multi-system ınflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is an immune-mediated process ... conducted of 43 children admitted to a tertiary hospitals between January 2021 and January 2022 who met ... Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for MIS-C.: Results: 43 children (25 [58.1%] male ...

    Abstract Objectives: multi-system ınflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is an immune-mediated process that develops after infections like SARS-CoV-2. The authors aimed to reveal the mucocutaneous findings of patients diagnosed with MIS-C at presentation and evaluate the frequency of these mucocutaneous findings and their possible relationship with the severity of the disease.
    Methods: A prospective study was conducted of 43 children admitted to a tertiary hospitals between January 2021 and January 2022 who met Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for MIS-C.
    Results: 43 children (25 [58.1%] male); median age, 7.5 years [range 0.5‒15 years]) met the criteria for MIS-C. The most common symptom was cutaneous rash 81.4%, followed by gastrointestinal symptoms 67.4%, oral mucosal changes 65.1%, and conjunctival hyperemia 58.1%. The most common mucosal finding was fissured lips at 27.9%, diffuse hyperemia of the oral mucosa at 18.6%, and strawberry tongue at 13.9%. Urticaria (48.8%) was the most common type of cutaneous rash in the present study's patients. The most common rash initiation sites were the trunk (32.6%) and the palmoplantar region (20.9%). The presence or absence of mucocutaneous findings was not significantly associated with disease severity.
    Study limitations: The number of patients in the this study was small.
    Conclusions: The present study's prospective analysis detected mucocutaneous symptoms in almost 9 out of 10 patients in children diagnosed with MIS-C. Due to the prospective character of the present research, the authors think that the characteristic features of cutaneous and mucosal lesions the authors obtained will contribute to the literature on the diagnosis and prognosis of MIS-C.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Child ; Humans ; Male ; Infant ; Child, Preschool ; Adolescent ; Female ; COVID-19/complications ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Prospective Studies ; Pandemics ; Hyperemia ; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/epidemiology ; Connective Tissue Diseases
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-11-16
    Erscheinungsland Spain
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 433655-0
    ISSN 1806-4841 ; 0365-0596
    ISSN (online) 1806-4841
    ISSN 0365-0596
    DOI 10.1016/j.abd.2022.08.003
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  4. Artikel ; Online: MULTISYSTEM INFLAMMATORY SYNDROME IN CHILDREN COURSE AMID COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN THE REBUBLIC OF BELARUS

    Romanova, Oksana / Kolomiets, Natalia / Savitski, Dzianis / Dashkevich, Ala M / Krasko, Olga / Batyan, Galina / Kluchareva, Anna / Sokolova, Marina / Sergienko, Ekaterina / Hanenko, Oksana / Matush, Lydia / Senkevich, Uladislava

    medRxiv

    Abstract: ... and outcomes of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children who were hospitalized during COVID-19 ... of Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) associated with COVID-19 were observed ... Resume. In first two years of COVID-19 pandemic, children usually had a mild or asymptomatic form ...

    Abstract Resume. In first two years of COVID-19 pandemic, children usually had a mild or asymptomatic form of the disease. However, in rare cases, after suffering COVID-19, children had clinical manifestations similar to incomplete Kawasaki Disease (CD) or toxic shock syndrome. This condition is known as multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). The purpose of this research was to study clinical and laboratory features and outcomes of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children who were hospitalized during COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods. In 19 months (May 2020 - December 2021) 63 patients with a diagnosis of Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) associated with COVID-19 were observed in the departments of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care of the Healthcare Institution "City Children9s Infectious Clinical Hospital" in Minsk, Republic of Belarus. MIS-C was diagnosed on criteria of CDC/WHO, 2020. All calculations were carried out in the statistical package R, version 4.1. The results of the analysis were considered statistically significant with p<0,05. The results of the study. All of 63 children with MIS-C didnt have an acute coronavirus infection. Therefore, it was impossible to determine which strain of SARS-CoV-2 patient exactly had. However, we formed 3 groups of patients based on circulation of the dominant strain of SARS-CoV-2 in Belarus at different times. The 1st group included 40 patients (63,5%) received treatment from 05.25.2020 to 02.21.2021 ("wuhan strains"); the 2nd group - 9 children (14,3%) from 02.23.2021 to 06.13.2021 ("alpha"); the 3rd group - 14 children (22,2%) from 07.01.2021 to 11.19.2021 ("delta"). 47 (74,6%) patients had complete and incomplete Kawasaki Disease phenotype of MIS-C. Nonspecific phenotype was observed in 16 (25,4%) children. It manifested as signs of shock. The mean age didnt differ in study groups. All children had hyperthermic syndrome. Fever reached febrile numbers 3-4 times a day. Average fever duration was 3,2 [1-15] days. The course of MIS-C in children also didnt depend on the circulating strain of the virus. For instance, gastrointestinal dysfunction was observed in all three groups with equal frequency (73%, 78% and 57%, respectively). The only a statistically significant increase was in the number of children with cheilitis. In the 2nd group 8 children (89%) and the 3rd group 13 children (93%) had cheilitis, respectively, p=0,002. Neurological disorders such as headache, hyperesthesia, hallucinations, photophobia were more often observed in the 1st group of children - 19 (48%) cases and less frequently in the 2nd and 3rd group (in 11% and 14% of cases), p=0,022. Pathological blood flow regurgitation was the most common disorder (68-71%). Several biochemical markers of inflammation levels, such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT), were high. CRP levels were 162 mg/l [130; 245]; 130 mg/l [90; 160]; 130 mg/l [106; 149] in 3 study groups, respectively. In children of the 1st group CRP level was significantly higher, p=0.052. PCT level was higher in patients of the 3rd group (4.2 ng/ml [2,4; 8,8]; 3.9 ng/ml [3,2; 11,9]; 8.7 ng/ml [3,4; 14,1], p=0.625). Conclusion. As a result of the research there wasnt found notable connection between clinical or laboratory features of MIS-C and the dominant circulating strain of SARS-CoV-2 in given time periods. During the circulation of "alpha" and "delta" strains, the only significant differences were decrease of the number of patients with neurological disorders and increase in the frequency of cheilitis, p=0,002. The remaining indicators of organ dysfunction were similar in three groups of children. There was 1 (1,6%) fatal outcome in our study.
    Schlagwörter covid19
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-10-20
    Verlag Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    DOI 10.1101/2022.10.14.22280869
    Datenquelle COVID19

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  5. Artikel ; Online: Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children in COVID-19 Pandemic.

    Shah, Satish K / Munoz, Alvaro Coronado

    Indian journal of pediatrics

    2020  Band 87, Heft 9, Seite(n) 671–673

    Mesh-Begriff(e) Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Child ; Coronavirus Infections ; Humans ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; SARS-CoV-2
    Schlagwörter covid19
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2020-07-03
    Erscheinungsland India
    Dokumenttyp Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 218231-2
    ISSN 0973-7693 ; 0019-5456
    ISSN (online) 0973-7693
    ISSN 0019-5456
    DOI 10.1007/s12098-020-03440-7
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  6. Artikel: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic in Luxembourg.

    Ooms, C / Mossong, J / Vergison, A / Biver, A / Wagner, K / Niel, O / Parrish, A / Abdelrahman, T T / de la Fuente Garcia, I

    Frontiers in pediatrics

    2023  Band 11, Seite(n) 1141074

    Abstract: Objective: Estimate the incidence of multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) in children (0-15 ... years), the role of SARS-CoV-2 variants during the first two years of COVID-19 pandemic in Luxembourg ... significantly over time during the first two years of COVID-19 pandemic. Monitoring of MIS-C incidence in future ...

    Abstract Objective: Estimate the incidence of multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) in children (0-15 years), the role of SARS-CoV-2 variants during the first two years of COVID-19 pandemic in Luxembourg; and describe the demographic, biological and clinical characteristics of the patients.
    Method: Observational retrospective cohort study. Cases between March 2020 and February 2022 were ascertained from the national registry of MIS-C cases by a retrospective review of medical records. Reported SARS-CoV-2 infections were obtained from the national COVID-19 surveillance system. We calculated monthly MIS-C incidence, the ratio between MIS-C and SARS-CoV-2 infections and associated rate ratios by the periods corresponding to the circulation of different variants.
    Results: 18 children were diagnosed with MIS-C among 35,200 reported infections. The incidence rate of MIS-C was 7.2 [95% confidence interval (CI) 4.5-11.4] per 1,000,000 person-months. A higher incidence of MIS-C was observed between September and December 2021, corresponding to the circulation of the Delta variant than during the first year of the pandemic (RR 3.6, 95% CI, 1.1-12.3). The lowest rate of MIS-C per infection was observed during the Omicron (RR 0.17, 95% CI, 0.03-0.82). Median age at diagnosis was 6.5 years. Previously healthy children made up 88% of MIS-C cases, none were vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. 33% required intensive care. All patients recovered fully.
    Conclusions: MIS-C incidence and MIS-C risk per infection changed significantly over time during the first two years of COVID-19 pandemic. Monitoring of MIS-C incidence in future SARS-CoV-2 waves will be essential to guide public health interventions and vaccination policies for children.
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-04-05
    Erscheinungsland Switzerland
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2711999-3
    ISSN 2296-2360
    ISSN 2296-2360
    DOI 10.3389/fped.2023.1141074
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  7. Artikel ; Online: Assessing pattern of the Pediatric Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (PMIS) in children during the COVID-19 pandemic: experience from the emergency department of tertiary care center of a low-middle-income country.

    Akhtar, Saleem / Anis, Iqra / Kumar, Nirdosh Ashok / Ihsan, Muhammad Tayyab / Raheem, Ahmed / Bano, Surraiya

    BMC pediatrics

    2024  Band 24, Heft 1, Seite(n) 98

    Abstract: ... of children with PMIS visiting the emergency department during the COVID-19 pandemic. Secondary objectives ... Background: Pediatric Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (PMIS) is a hyperinflammatory condition ... of COVID-19 infection. Data on PMIS in low-middle-income countries, particularly in emergency department ...

    Abstract Background: Pediatric Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (PMIS) is a hyperinflammatory condition affecting multiple organs in children, often resembling incomplete Kawasaki Disease during later phases of COVID-19 infection. Data on PMIS in low-middle-income countries, particularly in emergency department settings, is limited.
    Objectives: This prospective observational study at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, aimed to determine the frequency, clinical presentation patterns, and laboratory parameters of children with PMIS visiting the emergency department during the COVID-19 pandemic. Secondary objectives included assessing factors associated with in-hospital mortality.
    Methods: From March 2020 to September 2021, patients meeting World Health Organization PMIS criteria were enrolled. COVID-19 testing included PCR and antibody testing. Data was collected through a questionnaire and analyzed statistically.
    Results: Among 56 PMIS patients (85.7% male, mean age 7.67 ± 4.8 years), respiratory symptoms (70%), neurological symptoms (57%), and gastrointestinal symptoms (54%) were common presentations. Signs included delayed capillary refill time (93%), low-volume pulses (89%), and hypotension (68%). COVID-19 antibodies were positive in the majority (78.6%) while PCR was positive in 18%. Risk factors for mortality included prolonged emergency department stay, and high Ferritin and Lactate Dehydrogenase levels.
    Conclusion: PMIS affects children of all ages. Respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms are the most frequent presentations. Elevated inflammatory markers, including LDH, Ferritin, D-dimer, and Pro-BNP, correlate with higher mortality risk.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Child ; Humans ; Male ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19 Testing ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Tertiary Care Centers ; Pandemics ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Ferritins ; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/diagnosis ; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/epidemiology
    Chemische Substanzen Ferritins (9007-73-2)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2024-02-03
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Observational Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2041342-7
    ISSN 1471-2431 ; 1471-2431
    ISSN (online) 1471-2431
    ISSN 1471-2431
    DOI 10.1186/s12887-024-04572-x
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  8. Artikel ; Online: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: A review.

    Benvenuto, Simone / Avcin, Tadej / Taddio, Andrea

    Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)

    2024  

    Abstract: Aim: To comprehensively review the literature on multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children ... COVID-19 in genetically susceptible individuals. Persisting fever, mucocutaneous manifestations, GI and ... into an endemic and in the areas with the highest rates of COVID-19 vaccination. Current guidelines recommend ...

    Abstract Aim: To comprehensively review the literature on multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C).
    Methods: Narrative review of relevant studies published between April 2020 and January 2024.
    Results: MIS-C is a SARS-CoV-2-related hyperinflammatory syndrome developing 2-6 weeks after COVID-19 in genetically susceptible individuals. Persisting fever, mucocutaneous manifestations, GI and cardiac involvement, together with lymphopenia and elevated inflammatory and cardiac markers are the main clinical features. It is believed to recognise some pathogenetic and clinical overlap with Kawasaki disease. New case definitions have been proposed after an assessment of the diagnostic performance of existing criteria; epidemiological criterion is however progressively losing its usefulness as the pandemic turns into an endemic and in the areas with the highest rates of COVID-19 vaccination. Current guidelines recommend both intravenous immunoglobulin and glucocorticoids in the first-line immunomodulatory treatment, mainly based on comparative retrospective cohorts; the actual role of biologics remains to be adequately established. Strict follow-up is mandatory, especially for those with severe cardiac involvement, as longitudinal studies evaluate the long-term evolution of cardiac damage.
    Conclusion: In this paper, we review the epidemiological, pathogenetic, clinical and prognostic features of MIS-C, and outline the main questions which still remain unanswered after more than 3 years of research.
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2024-05-07
    Erscheinungsland Norway
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 203487-6
    ISSN 1651-2227 ; 0365-1436 ; 0803-5253
    ISSN (online) 1651-2227
    ISSN 0365-1436 ; 0803-5253
    DOI 10.1111/apa.17267
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  9. Artikel ; Online: Favourable outcomes of conservatively managed acute abdomen associated with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children during the COVID-19 pandemic.

    Ardicli, Burak / User, Idil Rana / Tigli, Tunc / Ozcan, H Nursun / Oguz, Berna / Haliloglu, Mithat / Kesici, Selman / Ozsurekci, Yasemin / Cengiz, Ali Bulent / Ceyhan, Mehmet / Ertugrul, Ilker / Ekinci, Saniye

    ANZ journal of surgery

    2022  Band 93, Heft 1-2, Seite(n) 108–114

    Abstract: ... syndrome in children (MIS-C). Abdominal pain can vary from mild to severe and may present as acute abdomen ... Backgrounds: Abdominal pain is one of the most common symptoms of multisystem inflammatory ... recommended criteria. Records of children treated for MIS-C between September 2020 and January 2021 were ...

    Abstract Backgrounds: Abdominal pain is one of the most common symptoms of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). Abdominal pain can vary from mild to severe and may present as acute abdomen. Severe abdominal pain in patients with MIS-C should be differentiated from surgical causes of acute abdomen to prevent unnecessary surgery.
    Methods: The diagnosis of MIS-C was based on WHO and CDC recommended criteria. Records of children treated for MIS-C between September 2020 and January 2021 were reviewed retrospectively.
    Results: In a short time, we encountered seven patients who were diagnosed with MIS-C and showed acute abdomen findings. There were four male and three female patients. The median age was 9 years. Fever, abdominal pain and distension were present in all. The median duration of symptoms was 4 days. Five patients had general abdominal tenderness mimicking acute abdomen. Three patients had right lower quadrant tenderness mimicking acute appendicitis. After the initiation of immunomodulatory therapy and antibiotics, the physical examination findings were improved step by step in all. The median time to initiate oral feeding was 2 days. The median length of hospitalization time was 8 days.
    Conclusion: Serial abdominal examinations performed by the same surgeon enabled us to follow these patients conservatively and thus avoid unnecessary surgical intervention.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Child ; Humans ; Male ; Female ; COVID-19/complications ; Abdomen, Acute/diagnosis ; Abdomen, Acute/etiology ; Abdomen, Acute/therapy ; Pandemics ; Retrospective Studies ; Abdominal Pain/diagnosis ; Abdominal Pain/etiology
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-11-21
    Erscheinungsland Australia
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2050749-5
    ISSN 1445-2197 ; 1445-1433 ; 0004-8682
    ISSN (online) 1445-2197
    ISSN 1445-1433 ; 0004-8682
    DOI 10.1111/ans.18162
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  10. Artikel ; Online: The potential threat of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children during the COVID-19 pandemic.

    Rothan, Hussin A / Byrareddy, Siddappa N

    Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology

    2020  Band 32, Heft 1, Seite(n) 17–22

    Abstract: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) during the COVID-19 pandemic raised a global ... of children with asymptomatic cases compared with mild illness and moderate illness could be correlated ... manifestations of MIS-C (also known as pediatric MIS (PMIS)) in the setting of a severe inflammatory state ...

    Abstract Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) during the COVID-19 pandemic raised a global alert from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Health Alert Network. The main manifestations of MIS-C (also known as pediatric MIS (PMIS)) in the setting of a severe inflammatory state include fever, diarrhea, shock, and variable presence of rash, conjunctivitis, extremity edema, and mucous membrane changes. In some cases, these symptoms progressed to multi-organ failure. The low percentage of children with asymptomatic cases compared with mild illness and moderate illness could be correlated with the rare cases of MIS-C. One potential explanation for the progression to severe MIS-C disease despite the presence of readily detectable anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies could be due to the potential role of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE). We reason that the incidence of the ADE phenomenon whereby the pathogen-specific antibodies can promote pathology should be considered in vaccine development against SARS-CoV-2.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Adolescent ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; Antibody-Dependent Enhancement/immunology ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/immunology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Conjunctivitis/epidemiology ; Diarrhea/epidemiology ; Exanthema/epidemiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Macrophage Activation/immunology ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology ; Severity of Illness Index ; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/epidemiology ; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/immunology ; Young Adult
    Chemische Substanzen Antibodies, Viral
    Schlagwörter covid19
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2020-10-13
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1057059-7
    ISSN 1399-3038 ; 0905-6157 ; 0906-5784
    ISSN (online) 1399-3038
    ISSN 0905-6157 ; 0906-5784
    DOI 10.1111/pai.13361
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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