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  1. Article ; Online: Bats, objectivity, and viral spillover risk.

    Sterner, Beckett / Elliott, Steve / Upham, Nate / Franz, Nico

    History and philosophy of the life sciences

    2021  Volume 43, Issue 1, Page(s) 7

    Abstract: ... the putative objectivity of zoonotic risk assessments, thus potentially supporting inconsistent and ... and taxonomic classifications. Different and legitimate taxonomic assumptions can destabilize ... What should the best practices be for modeling zoonotic disease risks, e.g. to anticipate the next ...

    Abstract What should the best practices be for modeling zoonotic disease risks, e.g. to anticipate the next pandemic, when background assumptions are unsettled or evolving rapidly? This challenge runs deeper than one might expect, all the way into how we model the robustness of contemporary phylogenetic inference and taxonomic classifications. Different and legitimate taxonomic assumptions can destabilize the putative objectivity of zoonotic risk assessments, thus potentially supporting inconsistent and overconfident policy decisions.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Chiroptera/virology ; Humans ; Models, Theoretical ; Pandemics/classification ; Phylogeny ; Risk Assessment/methods ; Zoonoses/epidemiology ; Zoonoses/transmission ; Zoonoses/virology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-13
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2094240-0
    ISSN 1742-6316 ; 0391-9714
    ISSN (online) 1742-6316
    ISSN 0391-9714
    DOI 10.1007/s40656-021-00366-x
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  2. Article ; Online: Preliminary study of Malaysian fruit bats species diversity in Lenggong Livestock Breeding Center, Perak

    Muhammed Mikail / T. A. Tengku Rinalfi Putra / Arshad Siti Suri / Mohd Noor Mohd Hezmee / M. T. Marina

    Veterinary World, Vol 10, Iss 11, Pp 1297-

    Potential risk of spill over infection

    2017  Volume 1300

    Abstract: Aim: Farms that are neighboring wildlife sanctuaries are at risk of spillover infection ... in livestock farm in determining the possible risk of spill over infection to livestock. Materials and Methods ... at dusk (1830 h) as bats emerge for foraging and monitored at every 30-min intervals throughout the night ...

    Abstract Aim: Farms that are neighboring wildlife sanctuaries are at risk of spillover infection from wildlife, and the objective of this research is to examine the species diversity of Malaysian fruit bats in livestock farm in determining the possible risk of spill over infection to livestock. Materials and Methods: Fifty individual fruit bats were captured using six mists net, from May to July 2017. The nets were set at dusk (1830 h) as bats emerge for foraging and monitored at every 30-min intervals throughout the night until dawn when they returned to the roost. The nets were closed for the day until next night, and captured bats were identified to species levels. Results: All the captured bats were mega chiropterans, and Cynopterus brachyotis was the highest captured species, representing 40% of the total capture. Shannon-Weiner index is 2.80, and Simpson index is 0.2. Our result suggests that there is a degree of species dominance with low diversity in Lenggong Livestock Breeding Center. Conclusion: We concluded that fruit bats are indeed, encroaching livestock areas and the species identified could be a potential source of infection to susceptible livestock. Hence, an active surveillance should be embarked on farms that border wildlife sanctuaries.
    Keywords Fruit bats ; Lyssaviruses ; Nipah virus ; Wildlife sanctuaries ; Zoonotic diseases ; Animal culture ; SF1-1100 ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100
    Subject code 590
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Veterinary World
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Dog ownership, abundance and potential for bat-borne rabies spillover in Chile.

    Astorga, F / Escobar, L E / Poo-Muñoz, D A / Medina-Vogel, G

    Preventive veterinary medicine

    2015  Volume 118, Issue 4, Page(s) 397–405

    Abstract: ... spillover from bats to dogs. Risk areas are concentrated in urban settlements, including Santiago, Chile's ... rabies spillover into dog populations expressed as a risk map, and to explore some key features of dog ... of dog population parameters may be informative to determine risk areas for bat-rabies spillover events ...

    Abstract Rabies is a viral infectious disease that affects all mammals, including humans. Factors associated with the incidence of rabies include the presence and density of susceptible hosts and potential reservoirs. Currently, Chile is declared free of canine-related rabies, but there is an overpopulation of dogs within the country and an emergence of rabies in bats. Our objectives are to determine potential areas for bat-borne rabies spillover into dog populations expressed as a risk map, and to explore some key features of dog ownership, abundance, and management in Chile. For the risk map, our variables included a dog density surface (dog/km(2)) and a distribution model of bat-borne rabies presence. From literature review, we obtained dog data from 112 municipalities, which represent 33% of the total municipalities (339). At country level, based on previous studies the median human per dog ratio was 4.8, with 64% of houses containing at least one dog, and a median of 0.9 dog per house. We estimate a national median of 5.3 dog/km(2), and a median of 3680 dogs by municipality, from which we estimate a total population of 3.5×10(6) owned dogs. The antirabies vaccination presented a median of 21% of dogs by municipality, and 29% are unrestricted to some degree. Human per dog ratio have a significant (but weak) negative association with human density. Unrestricted dogs have a negative association with human density and income, and a positive association with the number of dogs per house. Considering dog density by municipality, and areas of potential bat-borne rabies occurrence, we found that 163 (∼48%) of Chilean municipalities are at risk of rabies spillover from bats to dogs. Risk areas are concentrated in urban settlements, including Santiago, Chile's capital. To validate the risk map, we included cases of rabies in dogs from the last 27 years; all fell within high-risk areas of our map, confirming the assertive risk prediction. Our results suggest that the use of dog population parameters may be informative to determine risk areas for bat-rabies spillover events. In addition, we confirm that dog abundance is a neglected and emerging public health concern in Chile, particularly within urban areas, which deserves prompt intervention.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Censuses ; Chile ; Chiroptera/virology ; Dog Diseases/epidemiology ; Dog Diseases/prevention & control ; Dog Diseases/transmission ; Dogs ; Maps as Topic ; Ownership ; Rabies/epidemiology ; Rabies/prevention & control ; Rabies/transmission ; Rabies Vaccines/therapeutic use ; Regression Analysis ; Risk Assessment
    Chemical Substances Rabies Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-03-01
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 43399-8
    ISSN 1873-1716 ; 0167-5877
    ISSN (online) 1873-1716
    ISSN 0167-5877
    DOI 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2015.01.002
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

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  4. Article: Dog ownership, abundance and potential for bat-borne rabies spillover in Chile

    Astorga, F / D.A. Poo-Muñoz / G. Medina-Vogel / L.E. Escobar

    Preventive veterinary medicine. 2015 Mar. 01, v. 118, no. 4

    2015  

    Abstract: ... spillover from bats to dogs. Risk areas are concentrated in urban settlements, including Santiago, Chile's ... rabies spillover into dog populations expressed as a risk map, and to explore some key features of dog ... of dog population parameters may be informative to determine risk areas for bat–rabies spillover events ...

    Abstract Rabies is a viral infectious disease that affects all mammals, including humans. Factors associated with the incidence of rabies include the presence and density of susceptible hosts and potential reservoirs. Currently, Chile is declared free of canine-related rabies, but there is an overpopulation of dogs within the country and an emergence of rabies in bats. Our objectives are to determine potential areas for bat-borne rabies spillover into dog populations expressed as a risk map, and to explore some key features of dog ownership, abundance, and management in Chile. For the risk map, our variables included a dog density surface (dog/km2) and a distribution model of bat-borne rabies presence. From literature review, we obtained dog data from 112 municipalities, which represent 33% of the total municipalities (339). At country level, based on previous studies the median human per dog ratio was 4.8, with 64% of houses containing at least one dog, and a median of 0.9 dog per house. We estimate a national median of 5.3dog/km2, and a median of 3680 dogs by municipality, from which we estimate a total population of 3.5×106 owned dogs. The antirabies vaccination presented a median of 21% of dogs by municipality, and 29% are unrestricted to some degree. Human per dog ratio have a significant (but weak) negative association with human density. Unrestricted dogs have a negative association with human density and income, and a positive association with the number of dogs per house. Considering dog density by municipality, and areas of potential bat-borne rabies occurrence, we found that 163 (∼48%) of Chilean municipalities are at risk of rabies spillover from bats to dogs. Risk areas are concentrated in urban settlements, including Santiago, Chile's capital. To validate the risk map, we included cases of rabies in dogs from the last 27 years; all fell within high-risk areas of our map, confirming the assertive risk prediction. Our results suggest that the use of dog population parameters may be informative to determine risk areas for bat–rabies spillover events. In addition, we confirm that dog abundance is a neglected and emerging public health concern in Chile, particularly within urban areas, which deserves prompt intervention.
    Keywords capital ; Chiroptera ; dogs ; hosts ; humans ; income ; models ; ownership ; prediction ; public health ; rabies ; risk ; urban areas ; vaccination ; Chile
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2015-0301
    Size p. 397-405.
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 43399-8
    ISSN 1873-1716 ; 0167-5877
    ISSN (online) 1873-1716
    ISSN 0167-5877
    DOI 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2015.01.002
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

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    Order via subito

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

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