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Article ; Online: Diagnosing COVID-19: The Disease and Tools for Detection.

Udugama, Buddhisha / Kadhiresan, Pranav / Kozlowski, Hannah N / Malekjahani, Ayden / Osborne, Matthew / Li, Vanessa Y C / Chen, Hongmin / Mubareka, Samira / Gubbay, Jonathan B / Chan, Warren C W

ACS nano

2020 Volume 14, Issue 4, Page(s) 3822–3835

Abstract: ... used to screen and identify SARS-CoV-2, the viral etiology of COVID-19. The aim of this review article ... COVID-19 has spread globally since its discovery in Hubei province, China in December 2019 ... A combination of computed tomography imaging, whole genome sequencing, and electron microscopy were initially ...

Abstract	COVID-19 has spread globally since its discovery in Hubei province, China in December 2019. A combination of computed tomography imaging, whole genome sequencing, and electron microscopy were initially used to screen and identify SARS-CoV-2, the viral etiology of COVID-19. The aim of this review article is to inform the audience of diagnostic and surveillance technologies for SARS-CoV-2 and their performance characteristics. We describe point-of-care diagnostics that are on the horizon and encourage academics to advance their technologies beyond conception. Developing plug-and-play diagnostics to manage the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak would be useful in preventing future epidemics.
MeSH term(s)	Betacoronavirus/pathogenicity ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 Testing ; Clinical Laboratory Techniques ; Coronavirus Infections/diagnosis ; Humans ; Mobile Applications ; Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/diagnosis ; Point-of-Care Testing ; Population Surveillance ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Smartphone ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Viral Proteins/analysis
Chemical Substances	Viral Proteins
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ISSN	1936-086X
ISSN (online)	1936-086X
DOI	10.1021/acsnano.0c02624
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Diagnosing COVID-19: The Disease and Tools for Detection

Udugama, Buddhisha / Kadhiresan, Pranav / Kozlowski, Hannah N / Malekjahani, Ayden / Osborne, Matthew / Li, Vanessa Y C / Chen, Hongmin / Mubareka, Samira / Gubbay, Jonathan B / Chan, Warren C W

ACS Nano

Abstract	COVID-19 has spread globally since its discovery in Hubei province, China in December 2019. A combination of computed tomography imaging, whole genome sequencing, and electron microscopy were initially used to screen and identify SARS-CoV-2, the viral etiology of COVID-19. The aim of this review article is to inform the audience of diagnostic and surveillance technologies for SARS-CoV-2 and their performance characteristics. We describe point-of-care diagnostics that are on the horizon and encourage academics to advance their technologies beyond conception. Developing plug-and-play diagnostics to manage the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak would be useful in preventing future epidemics.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #832348
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Diagnosing viral encephalitis and emerging concepts.

Yong, Heather Y F / Pastula, Daniel M / Kapadia, Ronak K

Current opinion in neurology

2023 Volume 36, Issue 3, Page(s) 175–184

Abstract: ... COVID-19, as well as management of encephalitis are not covered in this review.: Recent findings ... pertinent to neuroinfectious disease practice, including emerging arboviruses, monkeypox virus (mpox), and ... are now in widespread use and allow for rapid pathogen detection and potentially reduce empiric ...

Abstract	Purpose of review: This review offers a contemporary clinical approach to the diagnosis of viral encephalitis and discusses recent advances in the field. The neurologic effects of coronaviruses, including COVID-19, as well as management of encephalitis are not covered in this review. Recent findings: The diagnostic tools for evaluating patients with viral encephalitis are evolving quickly. Multiplex PCR panels are now in widespread use and allow for rapid pathogen detection and potentially reduce empiric antimicrobial exposure in certain patients, while metagenomic next-generation sequencing holds great promise in diagnosing challenging and rarer causes of viral encephalitis. We also review topical and emerging infections pertinent to neuroinfectious disease practice, including emerging arboviruses, monkeypox virus (mpox), and measles. Summary: Although etiological diagnosis remains challenging in viral encephalitis, recent advances may soon provide the clinician with additional tools. Environmental changes, host factors (such as ubiquitous use of immunosuppression), and societal trends (re-emergence of vaccine preventable diseases) are likely to change the landscape of neurologic infections that are considered and treated in clinical practice.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 Testing ; Encephalitis, Viral/diagnosis ; Nervous System Diseases
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1182686-1
ISSN	1473-6551 ; 1350-7540
ISSN (online)	1473-6551
ISSN	1350-7540
DOI	10.1097/WCO.0000000000001155
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Article ; Online: Diagnosing COVID-19

Udugama, Buddhisha / Kadhiresan, Pranav / Kozlowski, Hannah N. / Malekjahani, Ayden / Osborne, Matthew / Li, Vanessa Y. C. / Chen, Hongmin / Mubareka, Samira / Gubbay, Jonathan B. / Chan, Warren C. W.

ACS Nano

The Disease and Tools for Detection

2020 Volume 14, Issue 4, Page(s) 3822–3835

Keywords	General Engineering ; General Physics and Astronomy ; General Materials Science ; covid19
Language	English
Publisher	American Chemical Society (ACS)
Publishing country	us
Document type	Article ; Online
ISSN	1936-0851
DOI	10.1021/acsnano.0c02624
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: From Detection to Protection: Antibodies and Their Crucial Role in Diagnosing and Combatting SARS-CoV-2.

Kumar, Anoop / Tripathi, Prajna / Kumar, Prashant / Shekhar, Ritu / Pathak, Rajiv

Vaccines

2024 Volume 12, Issue 5

Abstract: ... to advancing sensitive diagnostic tools, identifying efficient antibody-based therapeutics, and developing ... Understanding the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, is crucial ... to comprehending disease progression and the significance of vaccine and therapeutic development. The emergence ...

Abstract	Understanding the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, is crucial to comprehending disease progression and the significance of vaccine and therapeutic development. The emergence of highly contagious variants poses a significant challenge to humoral immunity, underscoring the necessity of grasping the intricacies of specific antibodies. This review emphasizes the pivotal role of antibodies in shaping immune responses and their implications for diagnosing, preventing, and treating SARS-CoV-2 infection. It delves into the kinetics and characteristics of the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 and explores current antibody-based diagnostics, discussing their strengths, clinical utility, and limitations. Furthermore, we underscore the therapeutic potential of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies, discussing various antibody-based therapies such as monoclonal antibodies, polyclonal antibodies, anti-cytokines, convalescent plasma, and hyperimmunoglobulin-based therapies. Moreover, we offer insights into antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, emphasizing the significance of neutralizing antibodies in order to confer immunity to SARS-CoV-2, along with emerging variants of concern (VOCs) and circulating Omicron subvariants. We also highlight challenges in the field, such as the risks of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, and shed light on the challenges associated with the original antigenic sin (OAS) effect and long COVID. Overall, this review intends to provide valuable insights, which are crucial to advancing sensitive diagnostic tools, identifying efficient antibody-based therapeutics, and developing effective vaccines to combat the evolving threat of SARS-CoV-2 variants on a global scale.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-25
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2703319-3
ISSN	2076-393X
ISSN	2076-393X
DOI	10.3390/vaccines12050459
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Article ; Online: CRISPR-Cas systems for diagnosing infectious diseases.

Kostyusheva, Anastasiya / Brezgin, Sergey / Babin, Yurii / Vasilyeva, Irina / Glebe, Dieter / Kostyushev, Dmitry / Chulanov, Vladimir

Methods (San Diego, Calif.)

2021 Volume 203, Page(s) 431–446

Abstract: ... sensitive diagnostic tools is key for successful patient management and curbing disease spread. Currently ... of socially significant diseases, frequent outbreaks, recent epidemics (MERS, SARS and the ongoing COVID-19 ... to create highly accurate and sensitive diagnostic tools combined with technologies of signal amplification ...

Abstract	Infectious diseases are a global health problem affecting billions of people. Developing rapid and sensitive diagnostic tools is key for successful patient management and curbing disease spread. Currently available diagnostics are very specific and sensitive but time-consuming and require expensive laboratory settings and well-trained personnel; thus, they are not available in resource-limited areas, for the purposes of large-scale screenings and in case of outbreaks and epidemics. Developing new, rapid, and affordable point-of-care diagnostic assays is urgently needed. This review focuses on CRISPR-based technologies and their perspectives to become platforms for point-of-care nucleic acid detection methods and as deployable diagnostic platforms that could help to identify and curb outbreaks and emerging epidemics. We describe the mechanisms and function of different classes and types of CRISPR-Cas systems, including pros and cons for developing molecular diagnostic tests and applications of each type to detect a wide range of infectious agents. Many Cas proteins (Cas3, Cas9, Cas12, Cas13, Cas14 etc.) have been leveraged to create highly accurate and sensitive diagnostic tools combined with technologies of signal amplification and fluorescent, potentiometric, colorimetric, lateral flow assay detection and other. In particular, the most advanced platforms -- SHERLOCK/v2, DETECTR, CARMEN or CRISPR-Chip -- enable detection of attomolar amounts of pathogenic nucleic acids with specificity comparable to that of PCR but with minimal technical settings. Further developing CRISPR-based diagnostic tools promises to dramatically transform molecular diagnostics, making them easily affordable and accessible virtually anywhere in the world. The burden of socially significant diseases, frequent outbreaks, recent epidemics (MERS, SARS and the ongoing COVID-19) and outbreaks of zoonotic viruses (African Swine Fever Virus etc.) urgently need the developing and distribution of express-diagnostic tools. Recently devised CRISPR-technologies represent the unprecedented opportunity to reshape epidemiological surveillance and molecular diagnostics.
MeSH term(s)	African Swine Fever Virus ; Animals ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; CRISPR-Cas Systems/genetics ; Communicable Diseases/diagnosis ; Communicable Diseases/genetics ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques/methods ; Point-of-Care Systems ; Swine
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1066584-5
ISSN	1095-9130 ; 1046-2023
ISSN (online)	1095-9130
ISSN	1046-2023
DOI	10.1016/j.ymeth.2021.04.007
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Zs.A 3239: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Implementation of KIDMATCH: A Clinical Decision Support Tool for Diagnosing Pediatric Patients with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome and Kawasaki Disease.

Lam, Jonathan Y / Richardson, Andrew / Kanegaye, John T / Tremoulet, Adriana H / Shimizu, Chisato / Stadnick, Nicole A / Burns, Jane C / Nemati, Shamim / Gardiner, Michael A

AMIA ... Annual Symposium proceedings. AMIA Symposium

2023 Volume 2022, Page(s) 653–661

Abstract: ... the COVID-19 pandemic that may lead to cardiac dysfunction or death in pediatric patients. Early detection ... to Kawasaki disease (KD) and other acute childhood illnesses. We developed and validated the KawasakI Disease ... of MIS-C remains a challenge given the lack of a diagnostic test and its clinical similarities ...

Abstract	Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a novel disease identified during the COVID-19 pandemic that may lead to cardiac dysfunction or death in pediatric patients. Early detection of MIS-C remains a challenge given the lack of a diagnostic test and its clinical similarities to Kawasaki disease (KD) and other acute childhood illnesses. We developed and validated the KawasakI Disease vs Multisystem InflAmmaTory syndrome in CHildren (KIDMATCH) clinical decision support tool for screening patients for MIS-C, KD, or other febrile illnesses. Here we describe the implementation and iterative refinement of KIDMATCH with provider feedback as a web calculator in the clinical workflow within Rady Children's Hospital. Our findings demonstrate KIDMATCH and its underlying artificial intelligence model have clinical utility in aiding clinicians at the time of initial evaluation within the hospital setting to distinguish patients who have MIS-C, KD, or other febrile illnesses.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Child ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; Artificial Intelligence ; COVID-19 ; Decision Support Systems, Clinical ; Pandemics ; Hospitals, Pediatric ; COVID-19 Testing
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1942-597X
ISSN (online)	1942-597X
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Unleashing the power of artificial intelligence for diagnosing and treating infectious diseases: A comprehensive review.

Journal of infection and public health

2023 Volume 16, Issue 11, Page(s) 1837–1847

Abstract: ... for diagnosing tuberculosis (TB) and other infectious diseases such as COVID-19, HIV, and viral pneumonia ... and preventive measures. Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising tool for analysing ... complex molecular data and improving the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of infectious diseases ...

Abstract	Infectious diseases present a global challenge, requiring accurate diagnosis, effective treatments, and preventive measures. Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising tool for analysing complex molecular data and improving the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of infectious diseases. Computer-aided detection (CAD) using convolutional neural networks (CNN) has gained prominence for diagnosing tuberculosis (TB) and other infectious diseases such as COVID-19, HIV, and viral pneumonia. The review discusses the challenges and limitations associated with AI in this field and explores various machine-learning models and AI-based approaches. Artificial neural networks (ANN), recurrent neural networks (RNN), support vector machines (SVM), multilayer neural networks (MLNN), CNN, long short-term memory (LSTM), and random forests (RF) are among the models discussed. The review emphasizes the potential of AI to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of infectious diseases, highlighting the need for further research and development in this area.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2467587-8
ISSN	1876-035X ; 1876-0341
ISSN (online)	1876-035X
ISSN	1876-0341
DOI	10.1016/j.jiph.2023.08.021
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Article: Diagnosing and differentiating viral pneumonia and COVID-19 using X-ray images.

Kör, Hakan / Erbay, Hasan / Yurttakal, Ahmet Haşim

Multimedia tools and applications

2022 Volume 81, Issue 27, Page(s) 39041–39057

Abstract: ... for the automatic detection of pneumonia and also for differentiating non-COVID-19 pneumonia and COVID-19. The model ... Nowadays, the world is fighting against the new coronavirus: COVID-19. The rate of increase is high, and ... its morbidity and mortality rates low. The symptoms of pneumonia are alike, and COVID-19 is no exception ...

Abstract	Coronavirus-caused diseases are common worldwide and might worsen both human health and the world economy. Most people may instantly encounter coronavirus in their life and may result in pneumonia. Nowadays, the world is fighting against the new coronavirus: COVID-19. The rate of increase is high, and the world got caught the disease unprepared. In most regions of the world, COVID-19 test is not possible due to the absence of the diagnostic kit, even if the kit exists, its false-negative (giving a negative result for a person infected with COVID-19) rate is high. Also, early detection of COVID-19 is crucial to keep its morbidity and mortality rates low. The symptoms of pneumonia are alike, and COVID-19 is no exception. The chest X-ray is the main reference in diagnosing pneumonia. Thus, the need for radiologists has been increased considerably not only to detect COVID-19 but also to identify other abnormalities it caused. Herein, a transfer learning-based multi-class convolutional neural network model was proposed for the automatic detection of pneumonia and also for differentiating non-COVID-19 pneumonia and COVID-19. The model that inputs chest X-ray images is capable of extracting radiographic patterns on chest X-ray images to turn into valuable information and monitor structural differences in the lungs caused by the diseases. The model was developed by two public datasets: Cohen dataset and Kermany dataset. The model achieves an average training accuracy of 0.9886, an average training recall of 0.9829, and an average training precision of 0.9837. Moreover, the average training false-positive and false-negative rates are 0.0085 and 0.0171, respectively. Conversely, the model's test set metrics such as average accuracy, average recall, and average precision are 97.78%, 96.67%, and 96.67%, respectively. According to the simulation results, the proposed model is promising, can quickly and accurately classify chest images, and helps doctors as the second reader in their final decision.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1479928-5
ISSN	1573-7721 ; 1380-7501
ISSN (online)	1573-7721
ISSN	1380-7501
DOI	10.1007/s11042-022-13071-z
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Article ; Online: Current practice and potential strategy in diagnosing COVID-19.

Wan, D-Y / Luo, X-Y / Dong, W / Zhang, Z-W

European review for medical and pharmacological sciences

2020 Volume 24, Issue 8, Page(s) 4548–4553

Abstract: ... disease 2019 (COVID-19).: Materials and methods: PubMed, Web of Science were systematically searched ... we then identified articles, letters and commentaries regarding diagnosing COVID-19.: Results: Here we summarized ... using terms including "COVID-19", "SARS-CoV-2" and "2019-nCoV". After removing duplicates ...

Abstract	Objective: To summarize the current practice and potential strategy in diagnosing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Materials and methods: PubMed, Web of Science were systematically searched using terms including "COVID-19", "SARS-CoV-2" and "2019-nCoV". After removing duplicates, we then identified articles, letters and commentaries regarding diagnosing COVID-19. Results: Here we summarized relatively mature diagnostic methods like nuclear acid test and computed tomography. Besides, new aspects regarding these detection methods like suitable specimens for nuclear acid test, possible use of 18F-FDG PET/CT were also reported. Especially, we also presented several novel techniques for diagnosing COVID-19 like lung ultrasound. Conclusions: Chinese Clinical Guidance for COVID-19 Pneumonia Diagnosis and Treatment (7th edition) by National Health Commission is recommended to follow as it provides detailed diagnostic procedures using currently available tools. We suggest clinicians further explore the saliva's utility as a specimen for nuclear acid test and the use of lung ultrasound.
MeSH term(s)	Antibodies, Viral/isolation & purification ; Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 Testing ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Clinical Laboratory Techniques ; Coronavirus Infections/diagnosis ; Coronavirus Infections/diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Immunoassay ; Lung/diagnostic imaging ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/diagnosis ; Pneumonia, Viral/diagnostic imaging ; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography ; RNA, Viral/isolation & purification ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Viral ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Covid-19 aAPC vaccine ; RNA, Viral
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-27
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	605550-3
ISSN	2284-0729 ; 1128-3602 ; 0392-291X
ISSN (online)	2284-0729
ISSN	1128-3602 ; 0392-291X
DOI	10.26355/eurrev_202004_21039
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Zs.A 1887: Show issues

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