Result 1 - 10 of total 24
Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
| Keywords | covid19 |
|---|---|
| Publisher | WHO |
| Document type | Article |
| Note | WHO #Covidence: #617674 |
| Database | COVID19 |
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2019
Abstract: ... from the class of conjunctive queries to arbitrary existential or universal formulas that might contain ... Conjunctive queries select and are expected to return certain tuples from a relational database ...
| Abstract | Conjunctive queries select and are expected to return certain tuples from a relational database. We study the potentially easier problem of counting all selected tuples, rather than enumerating them. In particular, we are interested in the problem's parameterized and data complexity, where the query is considered to be small or fixed, and the database is considered to be large. We identify two structural parameters for conjunctive queries that capture their inherent complexity: The dominating star size and the linked matching number. If the dominating star size of a conjunctive query is large, then we show that counting solution tuples to the query is at least as hard as counting dominating sets, which yields a fine-grained complexity lower bound under the Strong Exponential Time Hypothesis as well as a #W[2]-hardness result. Moreover, if the linked matching number of a conjunctive query is large, then we show that the structure of the query is so rich that arbitrary queries up to a certain size can be encoded into it; this essentially establishes #A[2]-completeness. Using ideas stemming from Lov\'asz, we lift complexity results from the class of conjunctive queries to arbitrary existential or universal formulas that might contain inequalities and negations on constraints over the free variables. As a consequence, we obtain a complexity classification that generalizes previous results of Chen, Durand, and Mengel (ToCS 2015; ICDT 2015; PODS 2016) for conjunctive queries and of Curticapean and Marx (FOCS 2014) for the subgraph counting problem. Our proof also relies on graph minors, and we show a strengthening of the Excluded-Grid-Theorem which might be of independent interest: If the linked matching number is large, then not only can we find a large grid somewhere in the graph, but we can find a large grid whose diagonal has disjoint paths leading into an assumed node-well-linked set. Comment: 49 pages, 5 figures, corrected typos, revised argument in Section 5.4, ICALP B 2019 |
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| Keywords | Computer Science - Computational Complexity |
| Subject code | 511 |
| Publishing date | 2019-02-13 |
| Publishing country | us |
| Document type | Book ; Online |
| Database | BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection) |
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Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England)
2016 Volume 30, Issue 12, Page(s) 1205–1206
| Language | English |
|---|---|
| Publishing date | 2016-12 |
| Publishing country | United States |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| ZDB-ID | 639313-5 |
| ISSN | 1461-7285 ; 0269-8811 |
| ISSN (online) | 1461-7285 |
| ISSN | 0269-8811 |
| DOI | 10.1177/0269881116675761 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
| Zs.A 2311: Show issues | Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG) |
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The Chinese Journal of Comparative Law
Abstract: ... to any triumphalism or chauvinism;to the minorities, they called for unshakeable loyalty in return for full ...
| Abstract | China and India are comparable in size, complexity, and their relatively recent State-building histories Commencing in 1947 and 1949 respectively, the relatively recent foundations of India and China highlighted a ‘unity in diversity’ message The significance of this lay as much in ideology as in a pragmatism that was both central and relatively successful in bringing what could be argued as many civilizations into singular modern States While the messages about diversity have always been contested in some quarters by rival ethno-nationalists, they remained significant in laying the foundations for a strong ‘national’ identity To the majority populations, Hindu in India and Han in China this called for restraint to any triumphalism or chauvinism;to the minorities, they called for unshakeable loyalty in return for full citizenship rights In both cases, these messages were backed by constructive affirmative action measures that, irrespective of their efficacy, served to emphasize the ‘unity in diversity’ message, sowing a degree of fealty towards the State over what may have been more prominent and compelling ethno-religious or ethno-linguistic cleavages In recent years, however, this message has been significantly altered, as political majoritarianism has begun to oust legally or administratively determined minority protections This article seeks to offer an assessment of the potential impact on this phenomenon on each country, arguing that it has contributed to instability, sowing seeds for the rise of opposing sub-national identities that the founding parents of each State actively sought to counter in their statecraft |
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| Keywords | covid19 |
| Publisher | WHO |
| Document type | Article |
| Note | WHO #Covidence: #632033 |
| Database | COVID19 |
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Human factors and ergonomics in manufacturing
2021 Volume 31, Issue 4, Page(s) 412–424
Abstract: ... in understanding and optimizing the return from lockdown. To demonstrate, we used work domain analysis to develop ... an abstraction hierarchy model of a generic "return from lockdown restrictions" system. The model was assessed ... to identify (a) issues preventing a successful return from lockdown; and (b) leverage points that could be ...
| Abstract | Following strict "lockdown" restrictions designed to control the spread of the COVID-19 virus, many jurisdictions are now engaged in a process of easing restrictions in an attempt to stimulate economic and social activity while continuing to suppress virus transmission. This is challenging and complex, and in several regions, new outbreaks have emerged. We argue that systems Human Factors and Ergonomics methods can assist in understanding and optimizing the return from lockdown. To demonstrate, we used work domain analysis to develop an abstraction hierarchy model of a generic "return from lockdown restrictions" system. The model was assessed to identify (a) issues preventing a successful return from lockdown; and (b) leverage points that could be exploited to optimize future processes. The findings show that the aim of continuing to suppress virus transmission conflicts with the aims of returning to pre-virus economic and social activity levels. As a result, many functions act against each other, ensuring that the system cannot optimally achieve all three of its primary aims. Potential leverage points include modifying the goals and rules of the system and enhancing communications and feedback. Specifically, it is argued that moderating economic aims and modifying how social and community activities are undertaken will result in longer term suppression of the virus. |
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| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2021-04-06 |
| Publishing country | United States |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| ZDB-ID | 2545795-0 |
| ISSN | 1520-6564 ; 1090-8471 |
| ISSN (online) | 1520-6564 |
| ISSN | 1090-8471 |
| DOI | 10.1002/hfm.20897 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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Theory & psychology
2017 Volume 27, Issue 6, Page(s) 832–850
Abstract: ... which focuses on existential dimensions. This article is based on a case study from this project and centers ... existential position was vocalized throughout the following annual interviews. This voice narrated feelings ... of meaninglessness, emptiness, and of having been deceived. In turn, this existential voice required an answer ...
| Abstract | Dialogical Self Theory has contributed to the endeavors to map and grid self-identity work in transition from military to civilian life throughout an empirical and longitudinal research project which focuses on existential dimensions. This article is based on a case study from this project and centers upon Sergeant Jonas, who, upon his return from deployment in Afghanistan, struggled with his transition as a new existential position was vocalized throughout the following annual interviews. This voice narrated feelings of meaninglessness, emptiness, and of having been deceived. In turn, this existential voice required an answer to a question which apparently had no answer. The meaning-making eventually evolved into an acceptance which enabled Jonas to proceed with his life. Dialogical processes between positions are important in order to go on with life amid existential concerns in the aftermath of military service since dialogicality of the self opens up a complex of dynamics of meaning-making processes, negotiations, and transformations. Based on the findings, it is suggested that the Personal Position Repertoire could potentially be strengthened by the addition of an internal existential position to its standard repertoire, at least when working with military personnel and/or veterans. |
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| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2017-11-23 |
| Publishing country | England |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| ISSN | 0959-3543 |
| ISSN | 0959-3543 |
| DOI | 10.1177/0959354317739164 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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Electronic Proceedings in Theoretical Computer Science, Vol 265, Iss Proc. WPTE 2017, Pp 67-
2018 Volume 81
Abstract: ... defining predicates, where a program execution returns whether a given ground atomic formula holds or not ...
| Abstract | A parameterised Boolean equation system (PBES) is a set of equations that defines sets satisfying the equations as the least and/or greatest fixed-points. Thus this system is regarded as a declarative program defining predicates, where a program execution returns whether a given ground atomic formula holds or not. The program execution corresponds to the membership problem of PBESs, which is however undecidable in general. This paper proposes a subclass of PBESs which expresses universal-quantifiers free formulas, and studies a technique to solve the problem on it. We use the fact that the membership problem is reduced to the problem whether a proof graph exists. To check the latter problem, we introduce a so-called dependency space which is a graph containing all of the minimal proof graphs. Dependency spaces are, however, infinite in general. Thus, we propose some conditions for equivalence relations to preserve the result of the membership problem, then we identify two vertices as the same under the relation. In this sense, dependency spaces possibly result in a finite graph. We show some examples having infinite dependency spaces which are reducible to finite graphs by equivalence relations. We provide a procedure to construct finite dependency spaces and show the soundness of the procedure. We also implement the procedure using an SMT solver and experiment on some examples including a downsized McCarthy 91 function. |
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| Keywords | Mathematics ; QA1-939 ; Electronic computers. Computer science ; QA75.5-76.95 |
| Subject code | 511 |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2018-02-01T00:00:00Z |
| Publisher | Open Publishing Association |
| Document type | Article ; Online |
| Database | BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection) |
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Seishin shinkeigaku zasshi = Psychiatria et neurologia Japonica
2015 Volume 117, Issue 8, Page(s) 621–629
Abstract: ... As a basic premise, the author considers there is a need to once again return to a state before the start ...
| Abstract | After publishing "General Psychopathology" in 1913, Jaspers turned his attention to serious philosophical contemplation. Using the term grenzsituation (limit situation) as a key concept, he first presented a framework to shed light on the pathology of both individuals and groups, and this led on to include the perspective of resilience. He then used three more key concepts, transzendenz (transcendence), chiffer (cipher), and unverstädliche (unintelligible) to offer a framework to focus on the possibilities of human existence. In the field of medicine, this is useful to support a spiritual approach which is discussed in palliative treatment. The philosophy developed by Jaspers can be considered as indicating a practical form of guidance for people to find self-support from a limit situation where they have lost their own support, and finally, come to a degree of mutual acceptance. Mutual acceptance is made possible at the level of ciphers, in which specific meaning remains undefined, by directing both the self and the other toward a state of "transcendence". Nowadays there is a trend for those chaplains involved in spiritual care from a specialist point of view to be trained to effectively transcend any difference in religious belief. As a basic premise, the author considers there is a need to once again return to a state before the start of individual religions, and stand on a cross-sectional ground level, an area which could be regarded as common to all religions. When conducting such a task, in the author's view, the restrained spirituality that Jaspers expounded is thought-provoking. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Anxiety ; Humans ; Philosophy ; Resilience, Psychological ; Spirituality |
| Language | Japanese |
| Publishing date | 2015 |
| Publishing country | Japan |
| Document type | English Abstract ; Journal Article |
| ZDB-ID | 604306-9 |
| ISSN | 0033-2658 |
| ISSN | 0033-2658 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
| Zs.B 90: Show issues | Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG) |
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2017 Volume 32, Issue 1, Page(s) 26–33
Abstract: ... However, continuous palliative sedation (CPS) for existential distress remains controversial due to difficulty ... practices of Canadian palliative care physicians regarding CPS for existential distress ... Methods: A survey focusing on experience and views regarding CPS for existential distress was sent to 322 members ...
| Abstract | Background: Palliative sedation can be used for refractory symptoms during end-of-life care. However, continuous palliative sedation (CPS) for existential distress remains controversial due to difficulty determining when this distress is refractory. Objectives: The aim was to determine the opinions and practices of Canadian palliative care physicians regarding CPS for existential distress. Methods: A survey focusing on experience and views regarding CPS for existential distress was sent to 322 members of the Canadian Society of Palliative Care Physicians. Results: Eighty-one surveys returned (accessible target, 314), resulting in a response rate of 26%. One third (31%) of the respondents reported providing CPS for existential distress. On a 5-point Likert-type scale, 40% of participants disagreed, while 43% agreed that CPS could be used for existential distress alone. Conclusion: Differing opinions exist regarding this complex and potentially controversial issue, necessitating the education of health-care professionals and increased awareness within the general public. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Attitude of Health Personnel ; Canada ; Deep Sedation/ethics ; Deep Sedation/psychology ; Existentialism/psychology ; Female ; Hospice Care/ethics ; Hospice Care/psychology ; Humans ; Hypnotics and Sedatives/therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Palliative Care/ethics ; Physicians/psychology ; Stress, Psychological/drug therapy ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Terminal Care/ethics ; Terminal Care/psychology |
| Chemical Substances | Hypnotics and Sedatives |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2017-08-03 |
| Publishing country | United States |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| ZDB-ID | 639326-3 |
| ISSN | 0825-8597 |
| ISSN | 0825-8597 |
| DOI | 10.1177/0825859717711301 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
| Zs.B 3203: Show issues | Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG) |
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| Zs.MO 207: Show issues |
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BMC palliative care
2016 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 88
Abstract: Background: Existential behavioural therapy (EBT) is a recently developed intervention to support ... therapeutic sessions focusing on (1) mindfulness and (2) existential meaning-in-life as a source of strength ... both sessions, where we expected more than 75 % as a criterion for acceptability. Return rates of quantitative ...
| Abstract | Background: Existential behavioural therapy (EBT) is a recently developed intervention to support informal caregivers of patients in a specialist palliative care unit and was initially established as a six-session group programme. This pilot study aimed to test the feasibility and acceptability of an adapted short-term, individual approach of EBT in preparation for a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Methods: The study was conducted in a prospective, mixed methods design including four quantitiative assessments with embedded qualitative interviews at one assessment. The intervention offered two one-hour therapeutic sessions focusing on (1) mindfulness and (2) existential meaning-in-life as a source of strength provided by a trained psychotherapist. To test the feasibility of the intervention, doubling of the participation rate, compared to the previous group study (13,6 %) as well as an attrition rate of less than 30 % were set as thresholds. To test the acceptability of the intervention, self-rated usefulness of individual aspects of the intervention and the frequency of implementing therapeutic elements by the carers were set as criteria. Acceptability testing also included the number of participants who completed both sessions, where we expected more than 75 % as a criterion for acceptability. Return rates of quantitative questionnaires were set as criteria for the feasibility of data collection (<33 % loss expected within the study period). Qualitative interviews were used to collect additional data on feasibililty and acceptability and to explore potential harms and benefits of the intervention. Results: 44/102 (43,1 %) of eligible informal caregivers agreed to participate in the study. Due to attrition of 13 caregivers (attrition rate: 29,5 %), 31 caregivers were included in the trial. Self-rated usefulness showed sufficiant results for all but one individual aspect. Frequency of implementing therapeutic elements showed wide inter-item as well as inter-participant ranges and decreased over the study period. All participants completed both sessions. Return rates of the questionnaires were within the expected range. According to the interviews, the intervention was associated with several participant-identified benefits. No severe adverse effects were observed. Conclusions: Findings suggest that the short-term, individual EBT proved feasible and mostly acceptable. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Aged ; Behavior Therapy ; Caregivers/psychology ; Existentialism ; Feasibility Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Interviews as Topic ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Palliative Care ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care ; Patient Selection ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2016-10-24 |
| Publishing country | England |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| ISSN | 1472-684X |
| ISSN (online) | 1472-684X |
| DOI | 10.1186/s12904-016-0160-1 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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