Article ; Online: Self-Reported Alcohol, Tobacco, and Cannabis Use during COVID-19 Lockdown Measures: Results from a Web-Based Survey.
2020 Volume 26, Issue 6, Page(s) 309–315
Abstract: ... consumption before and during COVID-19 lockdown and motives for these changes in substance use.: Method ... of the COVID-19 pandemic in Belgium that assessed changes in alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis consumption ... in the period before and during the COVID-19 lockdown and also asked about reasons for change.: Results ...
| Abstract | Background: The outbreak of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) has led to measures of social distancing and quarantine worldwide. This stressful period may lead to psychological problems, including increases in substance use. Objective: To investigate changes in alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis consumption before and during COVID-19 lockdown and motives for these changes in substance use. Method: A web-based survey was filled out by an unselected population during the social distancing measures of the COVID-19 pandemic in Belgium that assessed changes in alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis consumption in the period before and during the COVID-19 lockdown and also asked about reasons for change. Results: A total of 3,632 respondents (mean age 42.1 ± 14.6 years; 70% female) filled out the survey. Overall, respondents reported consuming more alcohol (d = 0.21) and smoking more cigarettes (d = 0.13) than before the COVID-19 pandemic (both p < 0.001), while no significant changes in the consumption of cannabis were noted. The odds of consuming more alcohol during the lockdown were associated with younger age (OR = 0.981, p < 0.001), more children at home (OR = 1.220, p < 0.001), non-healthcare workers (p < 0.001), and being technically unemployed related to COVID-19 (p = 0.037). The odds of smoking more cigarettes during the lockdown were associated with younger age (OR = 0.988, p = 0.027), current living situation (p < 0.001), lower education (p = 0.015), and working situation related to COVID-19 (p = 0.018). Boredom, lack of social contacts, loss of daily structure, reward after a hard-working day, loneliness, and conviviality were the main reasons for consuming more of the various substances. Conclusions: During the lockdown, individuals consumed slightly more alcohol and smoked marginally more cigarettes compared to the period before the lockdown. Further research focussing on follow-up of individuals at risk may be useful to provide appropriate care in post-COVID times. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Adult ; Age Factors ; Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology ; Alcohol Drinking/psychology ; Belgium/epidemiology ; Betacoronavirus ; Boredom ; COVID-19 ; Cigarette Smoking/epidemiology ; Cigarette Smoking/psychology ; Coronavirus Infections ; Educational Status ; Female ; Humans ; Loneliness ; Male ; Marijuana Use/epidemiology ; Marijuana Use/psychology ; Middle Aged ; Motivation ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; Quarantine/psychology ; Residence Characteristics ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Self Report ; Sex Factors ; Social Behavior ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult |
| Keywords | covid19 |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2020-09-22 |
| Publishing country | Switzerland |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| ZDB-ID | 1215786-7 |
| ISSN | 1421-9891 ; 1022-6877 |
| ISSN (online) | 1421-9891 |
| ISSN | 1022-6877 |
| DOI | 10.1159/000510822 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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