Article: Disorders of renal magnesium handling explain renal magnesium transport.
2007 Volume 20, Issue 5, Page(s) 507–510
Abstract: ... magnesium balance as evident from several rare inherited disorders of renal magnesium transport. Recent ... studies shed new light on molecular mechanisms of renal magnesium handling and its control. Mutations ... in distal tubules found in patients with renal magnesium wasting and hypomagnesemia underscore ...
| Abstract | Magnesium is essential for bone stability, neuronal excitability, muscular relaxation and many other metabolic functions. Despite its fundamental biological importance, mechanisms controlling systemic magnesium homeostasis are only partially understood. The kidney plays a central role in maintaining magnesium balance as evident from several rare inherited disorders of renal magnesium transport. Recent studies shed new light on molecular mechanisms of renal magnesium handling and its control. Mutations in the claudin 16 (paracellin) paracellular protein in the thick ascending limb (TAL) of Henle's loop and in the transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily 6, member 6 (TRPM6) magnesium channel expressed in distal tubules found in patients with renal magnesium wasting and hypomagnesemia underscore the importance of these transport proteins. A study by Hou et al (J Biol Chem 2007; 282: 17114-22) demonstrates a pathomechanism for claudin 16 mutations that gives interesting insights into the function of the TAL. Moreover, Groenestege and colleagues report (J Clin Invest 2007; 117: 2260-7) the identification of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) as a hormonal regulator of TRPM6 activity, and thereby explain how mutations in EGF can cause familial hypomagnesemia. Interestingly, cetuximab, a drug used in treatment of certain cancers, acts an inhibitor of the EGF receptor and causes hypomagnesemia which may be due to the inhibition of EGF signaling. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Cetuximab ; Claudins ; Epidermal Growth Factor/genetics ; Epidermal Growth Factor/metabolism ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Gitelman Syndrome/genetics ; Gitelman Syndrome/metabolism ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Kidney/drug effects ; Kidney/metabolism ; Loop of Henle/metabolism ; Magnesium/metabolism ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Metabolic Diseases/genetics ; Metabolic Diseases/metabolism ; Mutation ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor/antagonists & inhibitors ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor/metabolism ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; TRPM Cation Channels/genetics ; TRPM Cation Channels/metabolism | |||||
| Chemical Substances | Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Claudins ; Membrane Proteins ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; TRPM Cation Channels ; TRPM6 protein, human ; claudin 16 ; Epidermal Growth Factor (62229-50-9) ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor (EC 2.7.10.1) ; Magnesium (I38ZP9992A) ; Cetuximab (PQX0D8J21J) | |||||
| Language | English | |||||
| Publishing date | 2007-09 | |||||
| Publishing country | Italy | |||||
| Document type | Journal Article ; Review | |||||
| ZDB-ID | 1093991-x | |||||
| ISSN | 1724-6059 ; 1121-8428 ; 1120-3625 | |||||
| ISSN (online) | 1724-6059 | |||||
| ISSN | 1121-8428 ; 1120-3625 | |||||
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| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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