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  1. Article: Diabetes and Novel Coronavirus Infection: Implications for Treatment.

    Williams, David M / Nawaz, Asif / Evans, Marc

    Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders

    2020  Volume 11, Issue 9, Page(s) 1915–1924

    Abstract: ... CoV-2 may interact with disease processes implicated in diabetes and discuss how treatments commonly ... people with diabetes have multiple risk factors for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), including ... The novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-CoV-2]) outbreak ...

    Abstract The novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-CoV-2]) outbreak originating in December 2019 has resulted in a worldwide pandemic affecting millions across almost 200 countries. People with diabetes appear to develop more severe forms of the disease and to require intensive care unit support and/or mechanical ventilation more frequently than those with other underlying medical conditions. The mortality rate among people with diabetes is also significantly higher than that among people without diabetes. A diagnosis of diabetes is often an indicator of poor underlying metabolic health, and frequently people with diabetes have multiple risk factors for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), including cardiovascular and renal disease. In this review, we discuss the potential biological mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 may interact with disease processes implicated in diabetes and discuss how treatments commonly used for people with diabetes may affect COVID-19 severity and progression. There is currently a lack of evidence from human studies, and further trials in this area will prove useful to further expand our understanding of this rapidly developing disease process to improve outcomes for this high-risk group of patients.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2566702-6
    ISSN 1869-6961 ; 1869-6953
    ISSN (online) 1869-6961
    ISSN 1869-6953
    DOI 10.1007/s13300-020-00858-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Diabetes and Novel Coronavirus Infection: Implications for Treatment

    Williams, David M / Nawaz, Asif / Evans, Marc

    Diabetes Ther

    Abstract: ... CoV-2 may interact with disease processes implicated in diabetes and discuss how treatments commonly ... people with diabetes have multiple risk factors for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), including ... The novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-CoV-2]) outbreak ...

    Abstract The novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-CoV-2]) outbreak originating in December 2019 has resulted in a worldwide pandemic affecting millions across almost 200 countries. People with diabetes appear to develop more severe forms of the disease and to require intensive care unit support and/or mechanical ventilation more frequently than those with other underlying medical conditions. The mortality rate among people with diabetes is also significantly higher than that among people without diabetes. A diagnosis of diabetes is often an indicator of poor underlying metabolic health, and frequently people with diabetes have multiple risk factors for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), including cardiovascular and renal disease. In this review, we discuss the potential biological mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 may interact with disease processes implicated in diabetes and discuss how treatments commonly used for people with diabetes may affect COVID-19 severity and progression. There is currently a lack of evidence from human studies, and further trials in this area will prove useful to further expand our understanding of this rapidly developing disease process to improve outcomes for this high-risk group of patients.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #640885
    Database COVID19

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  3. Article ; Online: COVID-19 and diabetes

    Barchetta, I. / Cavallo, M. G. / Baroni, M. G.

    Is this association driven by the DPP4 receptor? Potential clinical and therapeutic implications

    2020  

    Abstract: ... other metabolic conditions, and a marker of disease progression and response to treatment in COVID-19. ... 2 diabetes [6] and increases with aging [7], all representing significant risk factors ... among individuals affected by the coronavirus disease COVID-19, especially in those with severe SARS-COV-2 infection ...

    Abstract Recently, Iacobellis [1] commented on the high prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among individuals affected by the coronavirus disease COVID-19, especially in those with severe SARS-COV-2 infection needing intensive care for acute respiratory complications. The author reports observations that show that human dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) was identified as a functional receptor for the spike protein of the MERS-Co-V [2]. MERS-CoV binds to the receptor-binding domain and interacts with T cells and nuclear factors, activating an inflammatory response. Antibodies directed against DPP4 inhibit human coronavirus-Erasmus Medical Center (hCoV-EMC) infection of primary human bronchial epithelial cells. Furthermore, transgenic mice were made susceptible to MERS-CoV by expressing human DPP4 [3], and these knock-in mice had a lethal form of lung disease, characterized by a strong inflammatory response [3], [4]. Based on these observations, Iacobellis suggest that DPP4 may represent a potential target for DPP4 inhibitors for preventing and/or reducing the risk and progression of the acute respiratory complications that T2DM may add to the COVID-19 infection. However, there are some points to consider carefully before claiming possible novel therapeutic approaches to COVID-19. The potential interaction between SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoproteins and DPP4 has been predicted by structural studies [5], but needs confirmation in human cells. Moreover, Iacobellis does not take into account that the same authors that demonstrated human DPP4 as a functional receptor for the spike protein of the MERS-Co-V [2] showed that hCoV-EMC infection could not be blocked by the DPP4 inhibitors sitagliptin, vildagliptin and saxagliptin, probably because these inhibitors do not target the binding interface between the S1 domain of hCoV and the receptor. So, the potential role for DPP4 inhibition may not be as important as suggested. There is, however, a point worth taking from Iacobellis’ remarks. We have shown that higher plasma DPP4 is evident in obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes [6] and increases with aging [7], all representing significant risk factors for unfavourable COVID-19 outcomes [8]. Thus, increased plasma DPP4 may represent a driver for clinical severity in SARS-COV2 infection. On one side, the broad DPP4 distribution could contribute to explain the large number of SARS-COV2 target organs, which are more than those expressing ACE2 receptors, identified as the main SARS-COV2 receptor so far [9]. On the other, DPP4 levels may, at least in part, determine COVID-19 severity, reflecting the accessibility of SARS-COV2 to target cells, tissues and organs, and may explain the high incidence of mortality in severe COVID-19. Therefore, it may be warranted to further investigating the utility of DDP4 measurement. Plasma DPP4 measurement could represent an easy tool for risk stratification in SARS-COV2 infected patients, particularly in highly susceptible populations as those with Diabetes or other metabolic conditions, and a marker of disease progression and response to treatment in COVID-19.
    Keywords Betacoronavirus ; Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Coronavirus Infections ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Pneumonia ; Viral ; covid19
    Subject code 570
    Language English
    Publisher Elsevier Ireland Ltd
    Publishing country it
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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