Article ; Online: Cytokine profiles induced by the novel swine-origin influenza A/H1N1 virus: implications for treatment strategies.
The Journal of infectious diseases
2009 Volume 201, Issue 3, Page(s) 346–353
Abstract: ... A/H1N1 virus (S-OIV) in Mexico, we aimed to study the cytokine profiles induced by S-OIV and the effect ... BACKGROUND. Given the apparent high mortality associated with the novel swine-origin influenza ... of tumor necrosis factor alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-6, and MCP-1 induced by H5N1 were higher than the levels of other cytokines at 12 ...
| Abstract | BACKGROUND. Given the apparent high mortality associated with the novel swine-origin influenza A/H1N1 virus (S-OIV) in Mexico, we aimed to study the cytokine profiles induced by S-OIV and the effect of immunomodulators. METHODS. We assayed cytokines and their messenger RNA (mRNA) levels in culture supernatants of human macrophages infected with H5N1, S-OIV California/04/2009 (S-OIV-CA), S-OIV Hong Kong/415742 (S-OIV-HK), or seasonal H1N1 with or without celecoxib and mesalazine. RESULTS. Among the 12 cytokines showing detectable levels, levels of 8 proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL] 2R, IL-6, interferon [IFN] alpha, macrophage inflammatory protein [MIP] alpha, MIP-1beta, IFN-induced protein 10, regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted [RANTES], and monocyte chemotactic protein [MCP] 1) were higher in cells infected by H5N1 but similar among cells infected with H1N1, S-OIV-CA, or S-OIV-HK. The levels of the other 4 cytokines were similar for H5N1, H1N1, S-OIV-CA and S-OIV-HK. Among the 8 cytokines induced by H5N1, 6 were suppressed by celecoxib and mesalazine. The mRNA levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-6, and MCP-1 induced by H5N1 were higher than the levels of other cytokines at 12 and/or 24 h. CONCLUSIONS. No major cytokine storm, as seen in H5N1 infection, is associated with S-OIV infection of cell lines. The mainstay of treatment for uncomplicated S-OIV infections should be antiviral agents without immunomodulators. For individual S-OIV-infected patients with severe primary viral pneumonia, severe sepsis, and multiorgan failure, immunomodulators may be considered as an adjunctive therapy in clinical trials. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Animals ; Cell Line ; Cytokines/genetics ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Dogs ; Epithelial Cells/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation/immunology ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/immunology ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/pathogenicity ; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/immunology ; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/pathogenicity ; Macrophages/metabolism ; Macrophages/virology ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Swine | ||||||||||
| Chemical Substances | Cytokines ; RNA, Messenger | ||||||||||
| Keywords | covid19 | ||||||||||
| Language | English | ||||||||||
| Publishing date | 2009-12-08 | ||||||||||
| Publishing country | United States | ||||||||||
| Document type | Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | ||||||||||
| ZDB-ID | 3019-3 | ||||||||||
| ISSN | 1537-6613 ; 0022-1899 | ||||||||||
| ISSN (online) | 1537-6613 | ||||||||||
| ISSN | 0022-1899 | ||||||||||
| DOI | 10.1086/649785 | ||||||||||
| Shelf mark |
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| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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