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  1. Article ; Online: Functional Specialization and Flexibility in Human Association Cortex.

    Yeo, B T Thomas / Krienen, Fenna M / Eickhoff, Simon B / Yaakub, Siti N / Fox, Peter T / Buckner, Randy L / Asplund, Christopher L / Chee, Michael W L

    Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)

    2016  Volume 26, Issue 1, Page(s) 465

    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 1077450-6
    ISSN 1460-2199 ; 1047-3211
    ISSN (online) 1460-2199
    ISSN 1047-3211
    DOI 10.1093/cercor/bhv260
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Functional Specialization and Flexibility in Human Association Cortex.

    Yeo, B T Thomas / Krienen, Fenna M / Eickhoff, Simon B / Yaakub, Siti N / Fox, Peter T / Buckner, Randy L / Asplund, Christopher L / Chee, Michael W L

    Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)

    2014  Volume 25, Issue 10, Page(s) 3654–3672

    Abstract: ... the organization of human association cortex by mathematically formalizing the notion that a behavioral task ... The association cortex supports cognitive functions enabling flexible behavior. Here, we explored ... of frontal and parietal regions that ranged from being highly specialized to highly flexible. The network ...

    Abstract The association cortex supports cognitive functions enabling flexible behavior. Here, we explored the organization of human association cortex by mathematically formalizing the notion that a behavioral task engages multiple cognitive components, which are in turn supported by multiple overlapping brain regions. Application of the model to a large data set of neuroimaging experiments (N = 10 449) identified complex zones of frontal and parietal regions that ranged from being highly specialized to highly flexible. The network organization of the specialized and flexible regions was explored with an independent resting-state fMRI data set (N = 1000). Cortical regions specialized for the same components were strongly coupled, suggesting that components function as partially isolated networks. Functionally flexible regions participated in multiple components to different degrees. This heterogeneous selectivity was predicted by the connectivity between flexible and specialized regions. Functionally flexible regions might support binding or integrating specialized brain networks that, in turn, contribute to the ability to execute multiple and varied tasks.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Bayes Theorem ; Brain Mapping ; Cerebral Cortex/physiology ; Cognition/physiology ; Female ; Frontal Lobe/physiology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Models, Neurological ; Parietal Lobe/physiology ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-09-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1077450-6
    ISSN 1460-2199 ; 1047-3211
    ISSN (online) 1460-2199
    ISSN 1047-3211
    DOI 10.1093/cercor/bhu217
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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  3. Article ; Online: Event-related synchronization/desynchronization and functional neuroanatomical regions associated with fatigue effects on cognitive flexibility.

    Yu, Shijing / Mückschel, Moritz / Beste, Christian

    Journal of neurophysiology

    2021  Volume 126, Issue 2, Page(s) 383–397

    Abstract: Cognitive flexibility is an essential prerequisite for goal-directed behavior, and daily ... sampling and selection mechanisms associated with fronto-parietal structures are modulated by time-on-task ... related activity in parietal cortices is compromised with time on task and similarly a concomitant ...

    Abstract Cognitive flexibility is an essential prerequisite for goal-directed behavior, and daily observations already show that it deteriorates when one is engaged in a task for a (too) long time. Yet, the neural mechanisms underlying such fatigability effect in cognitive flexibility are poorly understood. We examined how theta, alpha, and beta frequency event-related synchronization and desynchronization processes during cued memory-based task switching are modulated by time-on-task effects. We put special emphasis on the examination of functional neuroanatomical regions being associated with these modulations, using EEG beamforming. We show clear declines in task switching performance (increased switch costs) with time on task. For processes occurring before rule switching or repetition processes, we show that anticipatory attentional sampling and selection mechanisms associated with fronto-parietal structures are modulated by time-on-task effects but sensory areas (occipital cortex) also show fatigability-dependent modulations. After target stimulus presentation, the allocation of processing resources for response selection as reflected by theta-related activity in parietal cortices is compromised with time on task and similarly a concomitant increase in alpha and beta band-related attentional processing or gating mechanisms in frontal and occipital regions. Yet, considering the behavioral data showing an apparent decline in performance, this probably compensatory increase is still insufficient to allow reasonable performance. The same is likely the case for processes occurring before rule switching or repetition processes. Comparative analyses show that modulations of alpha band activity are as strongly modulated by fatigability as theta band activity. Implications of these findings for theoretical concepts on fatigability are discussed.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Attention ; Brain/physiopathology ; Cognition ; Cortical Synchronization ; Evoked Potentials ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mental Fatigue/physiopathology ; Reaction Time
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80161-6
    ISSN 1522-1598 ; 0022-3077
    ISSN (online) 1522-1598
    ISSN 0022-3077
    DOI 10.1152/jn.00228.2021
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Uc I Zs.224: Show issues Location:
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  4. Article ; Online: Dissociable Changes of Frontal and Parietal Cortices in Inherent Functional Flexibility across the Human Life Span.

    Yin, Dazhi / Liu, Wenjing / Zeljic, Kristina / Wang, Zhiwei / Lv, Qian / Fan, Mingxia / Cheng, Wenhong / Wang, Zheng

    The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience

    2016  Volume 36, Issue 39, Page(s) 10060–10074

    Abstract: ... flexibility mainly in the higher-order association cortex, such as the lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC ... resting-state fMRI. We identify regions showing high flexibility mainly in the higher-order association cortex ... this framework, we identified both functionally flexible and specialized regions over the human life span (112 ...

    Abstract Unlabelled: Extensive evidence suggests that frontoparietal regions can dynamically update their pattern of functional connectivity, supporting cognitive control and adaptive implementation of task demands. However, it is largely unknown whether this flexibly functional reconfiguration is intrinsic and occurs even in the absence of overt tasks. Based on recent advances in dynamics of resting-state functional resonance imaging (fMRI), we propose a probabilistic framework in which dynamic reconfiguration of intrinsic functional connectivity between each brain region and others can be represented as a probability distribution. A complexity measurement (i.e., entropy) was used to quantify functional flexibility, which characterizes heterogeneous connectivity between a particular region and others over time. Following this framework, we identified both functionally flexible and specialized regions over the human life span (112 healthy subjects from 13 to 76 years old). Across brainwide regions, we found regions showing high flexibility mainly in the higher-order association cortex, such as the lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC), lateral parietal cortex, and lateral temporal lobules. In contrast, visual, auditory, and sensory areas exhibited low flexibility. Furthermore, we observed that flexibility of the right LPFC improved during maturation and reduced due to normal aging, with the opposite occurring for the left lateral parietal cortex. Our findings reveal dissociable changes of frontal and parietal cortices over the life span in terms of inherent functional flexibility. This study not only provides a new framework to quantify the spatiotemporal behavior of spontaneous brain activity, but also sheds light on the organizational principle behind changes in brain function across the human life span.
    Significance statement: Recent neuroscientific research has demonstrated that the human capability of adaptive task control is primarily the result of the flexible operation of frontal brain networks. However, it remains unclear whether this flexibly functional reconfiguration is intrinsic and occurs in the absence of an overt task. In this study, we propose a probabilistic framework to quantify the functional flexibility of each brain region using resting-state fMRI. We identify regions showing high flexibility mainly in the higher-order association cortex. In contrast, primary and unimodal visual and sensory areas show low flexibility. On the other hand, our findings reveal dissociable changes of frontal and parietal cortices in terms of inherent functional flexibility over the life span.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aging/physiology ; Cortical Synchronization/physiology ; Female ; Frontal Lobe/physiology ; Humans ; Longevity/physiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nerve Net/physiology ; Neural Pathways/physiology ; Neuronal Plasticity/physiology ; Parietal Lobe/physiology ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-09-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 604637-x
    ISSN 1529-2401 ; 0270-6474
    ISSN (online) 1529-2401
    ISSN 0270-6474
    DOI 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1476-16.2016
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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