Article ; Online: Evaluating angiotensin-converting enzyme 2-mediated SARS-CoV-2 entry across species.
The Journal of biological chemistry
2021 Volume 296, Page(s) 100435
Abstract: ... Using infection assay, we evaluated SARS-CoV-2 entry mediated by ACE2 of 11 different animal species ... facilitated SARS-CoV-2 entry into nonsusceptible cells. Moreover, ACE2 of the pangolin also mediated SARS-CoV ... determinant for the ability of ACE2 to mediate SARS-CoV-2 entry. Overall, these results clarify that SARS-CoV ...
| Abstract | The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic represents a global threat, and the interaction between the virus and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the primary entry receptor for SARS-CoV-2, is a key determinant of the range of hosts that can be infected by the virus. However, the mechanisms underpinning ACE2-mediated viral entry across species remains unclear. Using infection assay, we evaluated SARS-CoV-2 entry mediated by ACE2 of 11 different animal species. We discovered that ACE2 of Rhinolophus sinicus (Chinese rufous horseshoe bat), Felis catus (domestic cat), Canis lupus familiaris (dog), Sus scrofa (wild pig), Capra hircus (goat), and Manis javanica (Malayan pangolin) facilitated SARS-CoV-2 entry into nonsusceptible cells. Moreover, ACE2 of the pangolin also mediated SARS-CoV-2 entry, adding credence to the hypothesis that SARS-CoV-2 may have originated from pangolins. However, the ACE2 proteins of Rhinolophus ferrumequinum (greater horseshoe bat), Gallus gallus (red junglefowl), Notechis scutatus (mainland tiger snake), or Mus musculus (house mouse) did not facilitate SARS-CoV-2 entry. In addition, a natural isoform of the ACE2 protein of Macaca mulatta (rhesus monkey) with the Y217N mutation was resistant to SARS-CoV-2 infection, highlighting the possible impact of this ACE2 mutation on SARS-CoV-2 studies in rhesus monkeys. We further demonstrated that the Y217 residue of ACE2 is a critical determinant for the ability of ACE2 to mediate SARS-CoV-2 entry. Overall, these results clarify that SARS-CoV-2 can use the ACE2 receptors of multiple animal species and show that tracking the natural reservoirs and intermediate hosts of SARS-CoV-2 is complex. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/chemistry ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/genetics ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/immunology ; Animals ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/immunology ; COVID-19/transmission ; Cats ; Chickens/virology ; Chiroptera/virology ; Dogs ; Elapidae/virology ; Eutheria/virology ; Gene Expression ; Goats/virology ; HEK293 Cells ; Host-Pathogen Interactions/genetics ; Host-Pathogen Interactions/immunology ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate ; Macaca mulatta/virology ; Mice ; Models, Molecular ; Mutation ; Pandemics ; Protein Binding ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Recombinant Proteins/genetics ; Recombinant Proteins/immunology ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology ; SARS-CoV-2/pathogenicity ; Species Specificity ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/chemistry ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/genetics ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology ; Swine/virology ; Virus Internalization | |||||
| Chemical Substances | Recombinant Proteins ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (EC 3.4.17.23) | |||||
| Language | English | |||||
| Publishing date | 2021-02-19 | |||||
| Publishing country | United States | |||||
| Document type | Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | |||||
| ZDB-ID | 2997-x | |||||
| ISSN | 1083-351X ; 0021-9258 | |||||
| ISSN (online) | 1083-351X | |||||
| ISSN | 0021-9258 | |||||
| DOI | 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100435 | |||||
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| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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