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Article: Effect of N-acetylcysteine on mucosal immunity of respiratory tract.

Kalyuzhin, O V

2019 Volume 90, Issue 3, Page(s) 89–95

Abstract: The outcome of diseases accompanied or caused by mucostasis depends both on the restoration of drainage function of the airways and on the effectiveness of immune mechanisms against pathogens. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is widely used as mucolytic and ... ...

Abstract	The outcome of diseases accompanied or caused by mucostasis depends both on the restoration of drainage function of the airways and on the effectiveness of immune mechanisms against pathogens. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is widely used as mucolytic and antioxidant remedy in clinical practice. In this regard, the data of the scientific literature on the direct and indirect effects of NAC on the mucosal immunity of the respiratory tract have been reviewed. NAC possesses pleiotropic immunomodulating properties, most of which contribute to the regression of clinical manifestations of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract. Biological and pharmacological effects of NAC include improvement in rheological properties of mucus, reduction of excess mucin production, restoration of mucociliary clearance and production of sIgA, suppression of excess production of IgE and IgG4, destruction of biofilms and inhibition of their formation, suppression of adhesion of pathogenic bacteria to epithelial cells, antioxidant activity, regulation of the production of pro-inflammatory and profibrotic cytokines. There was no convincing evidence that NAC is able to suppress any component of mucosal immunity. For final conclusions on this subject, further research are required.
MeSH term(s)	Acetylcysteine/pharmacology ; Expectorants/pharmacology ; Humans ; Immunity, Mucosal/drug effects ; Mucociliary Clearance ; Mucus
Chemical Substances	Expectorants ; Acetylcysteine (WYQ7N0BPYC)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-01-30
Publishing country	Russia (Federation)
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	40718-5
ISSN	2309-5342 ; 0040-3660
ISSN (online)	2309-5342
ISSN	0040-3660
DOI	10.26442/terarkh201890389-95
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Article: [New opportunities for preventive anti-inflammatory therapy in the management of patients with moderate and severe COVID-19].

Gorelov, A V / Kalyuzhin, O V / Bagaeva, M I

Terapevticheskii arkhiv

2022 Volume 94, Issue 7, Page(s) 872–875

Abstract: The specific feature of new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) is high risk of hyperinflammatory response or cytokine storm development, which underly the pathogenesis of several life-threatening conditions and determine the disease outcomes. ... ...

Abstract	The specific feature of new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) is high risk of hyperinflammatory response or cytokine storm development, which underly the pathogenesis of several life-threatening conditions and determine the disease outcomes. Pathophysiological features of COVID-19 justify the search of effective drugs capable to control the hyperinflammatory response. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Aterixen (1-[2-(1-Мethylimidazol-4-yl)-ethyl]perhydroazin-2,6-dion) for achieving clinical improvement in adult patients hospitalized with moderate and severe COVID-19. Materials and methods: Multicenter, adaptive, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Aterixen , tablets, 100 mg, in patients with COVID-19. The study analysis included 116 patients who, by randomization, were divided into 2 groups: 57 patients were included in the Aterixen drug group and 59 patients were in the placebo group. Results and conclusion: Obtained results have shown high efficacy and statistically significant superiority of Aterixen over placebo. Thus, it allows us to consider it as viable medication for COVID-19 pathogenetic therapy.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/adverse effects ; COVID-19/drug therapy ; Double-Blind Method ; Hospitalization ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Treatment Outcome
Chemical Substances	Anti-Inflammatory Agents
Language	Russian
Publishing date	2022-08-12
Publishing country	Russia (Federation)
Document type	Clinical Trial, Phase III ; English Abstract ; Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Randomized Controlled Trial
ZDB-ID	40718-5
ISSN	2309-5342 ; 0040-3660
ISSN (online)	2309-5342
ISSN	0040-3660
DOI	10.26442/00403660.2022.07.201729
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Article: Antibakterial'nyi effekt immunomodulyatora na osnove kompozitsii muramilpeptidov pri khronicheskom generalizovannom parodontite.

Grudyanov, A I / Fomenko, E V / Kalyuzhin, O V

Stomatologiia

2021 Volume 100, Issue 4, Page(s) 16–19

Abstract: The aim of the study: Was to investigate the efficacy of immunomodulatory drug based on muramilpeptides for treatment of chronic generalized periodontitis.: Materials and methods: The study group comprised 20 patients aged 25 to 64 with severe ... ...

Title translation	Antibacterial effect of a non-specific immunomodulator based on muramilpeptides in chronic periodontitis.
Abstract	The aim of the study: Was to investigate the efficacy of immunomodulatory drug based on muramilpeptides for treatment of chronic generalized periodontitis. Materials and methods: The study group comprised 20 patients aged 25 to 64 with severe chronic periodontal disease. Periodontal pockets content was inoculated for specific microbial pathogens before and after treatment. Twenty patients receiving conventional treatment with no muramilpeptides-based agent served as controls. Results: In the main group prolonged suppression of periodontal disease provoking microbiota was seen, while in controls conventional treatment was not sufficiently effective resulting in germs growth relapse at day 21. Conclusion: The dynamics of the microbiological landscape of periodontal pockets after treatment proves the necessity for a correction of innate immunity in inflammatory periodontal disease.
MeSH term(s)	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Chronic Periodontitis/drug therapy ; Humans ; Immunologic Factors ; Microbiota ; Periodontal Pocket
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Immunologic Factors
Language	Russian
Publishing date	2021-08-13
Publishing country	Russia (Federation)
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	421717-2
ISSN	0039-1735
ISSN	0039-1735
DOI	10.17116/stomat202110004116
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Article: [BCG, muramylpeptides, trained immunity (part II): a low molecular weight alternative to multicomponent bacterial immunostimulants for prevention of respiratory infections during a pandemic].

Kalyuzhin, O V / Andronova, T M / Karaulov, A V

Terapevticheskii arkhiv

2021 Volume 93, Issue 1, Page(s) 108–113

Abstract: During a pandemic, nonspecific immunoprophylaxis of SARS-CoV-2 infection and other acute respiratory infections (ARI), which can worsen the course of COVID-19, is increasingly in demand in addition to specific immunization. BCG vaccine appears to be one ... ...

Abstract	During a pandemic, nonspecific immunoprophylaxis of SARS-CoV-2 infection and other acute respiratory infections (ARI), which can worsen the course of COVID-19, is increasingly in demand in addition to specific immunization. BCG vaccine appears to be one of the candidate immunostimulants in this regard. At the same time, other microbe-derived preparations capable of inducing a state of trained immunity deserve attention. BCG and other bacterial immunostimulatory agents containing a large number of biologically active subunits have long been considered as objects of search for promising pharmacological substances. The review analyzes the linkages between BCG, mycobacterial adjuvants, bacterial lysates, trained immunity, muramylpeptides (MPs) and NOD2 receptors in light of the choice of a low molecular weight alternative to multicomponent bacterial immunostimulants for ARI prevention during the COVID-19 pandemic. The search for key molecules by which bacteria stimulate innate and adaptive immune responses proceeds in a spiral. On different loops of this spiral, MPs have repeatedly reproduced the nonspecific effects of multicomponent bacterial adjuvants, vaccines and immunostimulants. MPs and peptidoglycans containing MPs determine the adjuvant properties of the cell walls of mycobacteria and their peptide-glycolipid fraction (wax D). MPs were able to replace Mycobacterium tuberculosis in complete Freunds adjuvant. MPs determine the NOD2-dependent ability of BCG to induce trained immunity. Probably, MPs provide NOD2-mediated long-term prophylactic action of bacterial lysates. All of the above has prompted revisiting the previously obtained evidence of the efficacy of glucosaminylmuramyl dipeptide (GMDP) as a NOD2 agonist in treatment/prevention of respiratory infections. We speculate here that MPs, in particular GMDP, at rational dosing regimens will be able to reproduce many aspects of the nonspecific effects of BCG and multicomponent bacterial immunostimulants in preventing ARI during the COVID-19 pandemic and in the post-pandemic period.
MeSH term(s)	BCG Vaccine ; COVID-19 ; Cell Extracts ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate ; Molecular Weight ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2
Chemical Substances	BCG Vaccine ; Broncho-Vaxom ; Cell Extracts
Language	Russian
Publishing date	2021-01-10
Publishing country	Russia (Federation)
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	40718-5
ISSN	2309-5342 ; 0040-3660
ISSN (online)	2309-5342
ISSN	0040-3660
DOI	10.26442/00403660.2021.01.200554
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Article ; Online: A case of vitiligo after COVID-19 vaccination: a possible role of thymic dysfunction.

Kuznetsov, Denis / Kalyuzhin, Oleg / Mironov, Andrey / Neschisliaev, Valery / Kuznetsova, Anastasiia

Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B

2023 Volume 24, Issue 12, Page(s) 1141–1150

Abstract: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, vaccines help control the spread of infection. To date, 47 vaccines have been approved, with another 227 candidates in various stages of development. In the short period of time since the beginning ...

Title translation	一例由2019冠病毒病(COVID-19)疫苗接种引发的白癜风病例及其胸腺功能障碍的作用机制分析.
Abstract	During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, vaccines help control the spread of infection. To date, 47 vaccines have been approved, with another 227 candidates in various stages of development. In the short period of time since the beginning of their use, evidence has begun to emerge of complications following vaccination in the form of the development or exacerbation of a number of pathological conditions (Block et al., 2022; Haseeb et al., 2022). For example, a population-based study in France identified 1612 cases of myocarditis and 1613 cases of pericarditis requiring hospital treatment within five months of vaccination (le Vu et al., 2022).
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects ; Vaccination/adverse effects ; Vitiligo/etiology ; Thymus Gland/physiopathology
Chemical Substances	COVID-19 Vaccines
Language	Chinese
Publishing date	2023-12-06
Publishing country	China
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2247290-3
ISSN	1862-1783 ; 1673-1581
ISSN (online)	1862-1783
ISSN	1673-1581
DOI	10.1631/jzus.B2300025
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Article: Klinicheskaya effektivnost' immunomoduliruyushchego preparata na osnove kompozitsii muramilpeptidov pri lechenii patsientov s khronicheskim generalizovannym parodontitom.

Grudyanov, A I / Fomenko, E V / Kalyuzhin, O V

Stomatologiia

2020 Volume 99, Issue 6, Page(s) 24–27

Abstract: The aim of the study: To assess the efficacy of an immunomodulatory drug based on a muramylpeptide composition in the treatment of patients with chronic generalized periodontitis.: Materials and methods: The study comprised 40 patients with chronic ... ...

Title translation	Clinical effectiveness of an immunomodulatory drug based on a muramylpeptide composition in the treatment of patients with chronic generalized periodontitis.
Abstract	The aim of the study: To assess the efficacy of an immunomodulatory drug based on a muramylpeptide composition in the treatment of patients with chronic generalized periodontitis. Materials and methods: The study comprised 40 patients with chronic generalized periodontitis. In controls the treatment consisted in oral hygiene instructions, professional oral hygiene procedures and root scalling while in main study group the conventional treatment protocol was combined with intramuscular injections of muramylpeptide composition. Results: The study showed significant reduction of inflammatory symptoms in periodontal tissues in muramylpeptide composition group. Conclusion: Muramylpeptide composition increases the threshold of tissue protection against constantly present microbial accumulations in periodontal disease patients thus providing opportunity for excluding toxic antimicrobial agents and/or antibiotics (or reducing their dosages).
MeSH term(s)	Chronic Periodontitis/drug therapy ; Dental Scaling ; Humans ; Oral Hygiene ; Patients ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Treatment Outcome
Chemical Substances	Pharmaceutical Preparations
Language	Russian
Publishing date	2020-09-30
Publishing country	Russia (Federation)
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	421717-2
ISSN	0039-1735
ISSN	0039-1735
DOI	10.17116/stomat20209906124
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Article ; Online: Effect of N-acetylcysteine on mucosal immunity of respiratory tract

O V Kalyuzhin

Терапевтический архив, Vol 90, Iss 3, Pp 89-

2018 Volume 95

Abstract	The outcome of diseases accompanied or caused by mucostasis depends both on the restoration of drainage function of the airways and on the effectiveness of immune mechanisms against pathogens. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is widely used as mucolytic and antioxidant remedy in clinical practice. In this regard, the data of the scientific literature on the direct and indirect effects of NAC on the mucosal immunity of the respiratory tract have been reviewed. NAC possesses pleiotropic immunomodulating properties, most of which contribute to the regression of clinical manifestations of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract. Biological and pharmacological effects of NAC include improvement in rheological properties of mucus, reduction of excess mucin production, restoration of mucociliary clearance and production of sIgA, suppression of excess production of IgE and IgG4, destruction of biofilms and inhibition of their formation, suppression of adhesion of pathogenic bacteria to epithelial cells, antioxidant activity, regulation of the production of pro-inflammatory and profibrotic cytokines. There was no convincing evidence that NAC is able to suppress any component of mucosal immunity. For final conclusions on this subject, further research are required.
Keywords	n-acetylcysteine ; mucosal immunity ; lysozyme ; mucociliary transport ; secretory immunoglobulin a ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	610
Language	Russian
Publishing date	2018-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	"Consilium Medicum" Publishing house
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: [BCG, muramylpeptides, trained immunity (part I): linkages in the light of the COVID-19 pandemic].

Kalyuzhin, O V / Andronova, T M / Karaulov, A V

Terapevticheskii arkhiv

2020 Volume 92, Issue 12, Page(s) 195–200

Abstract: It has long been known that Bacillus CalmetteGurin (BCG) vaccine provides nonspecific protection against many non-mycobacterial infections, which has been discussed in the last decade through the prism of the concept of trained immunity. Within the ... ...

Abstract	It has long been known that Bacillus CalmetteGurin (BCG) vaccine provides nonspecific protection against many non-mycobacterial infections, which has been discussed in the last decade through the prism of the concept of trained immunity. Within the framework of this concept, a persistent increase in resistance to various pathogens, which occurs after an infectious disease or exposure to certain microbial agents, is associated with epigenetic reprogramming of innate immune cells and their bone marrow progenitors. The COVID-19 pandemic has drawn attention of scientists and practitioners to BCG as an inducer of trained immunity. A number of epidemiological studies have suggested a negative association between the coverage of the population with BCG vaccination and the burden of SARS-CoV-2 infection. A series of independent clinical studies of the effectiveness of this vaccine in non-specific prevention of COVID-19 has been initiated in different countries. Recently, the key role of cytosolic NOD2 receptors in BCG-induced trained immunity has been proven. This actualizes the search for effective immunoactive preparations for prevention of respiratory infections in the pandemic among low molecular weight peptidoglycan fragments of the bacterial cell wall, muramylpeptides (MPs), which are known to be NOD2 agonists. The review highlights the proven and proposed linkages between BCG, MPs, NOD2 and trained immunity in the light of the COVID-19 pandemic. Analysis of the data presented indicates the prospects for preclinical and clinical studies of MPs as potential drugs for nonspecific prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or other respiratory infections in risk groups during the pandemic. First of all, attention should be paid to glucosaminylmuramyl dipeptide, approved for clinical use in Russia and a number of post-Soviet countries for the complex treatment and prevention of acute and recurrent respiratory infections.
MeSH term(s)	BCG Vaccine ; Bacillus ; COVID-19 ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate ; Pandemics ; Russia ; SARS-CoV-2
Chemical Substances	BCG Vaccine
Language	Russian
Publishing date	2020-12-15
Publishing country	Russia (Federation)
Document type	Classical Article
ZDB-ID	40718-5
ISSN	2309-5342 ; 0040-3660
ISSN (online)	2309-5342
ISSN	0040-3660
DOI	10.26442/00403660.2020.12.200464
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Article: [Efficacy and safety of bacterial lysate OM-85 in the treatment of uncomplicated acute respiratory infections: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, randomized trial].

Kalyuzhin, O V / Gorelov, A V / Malyavin, A G / Zaytsev, A A / Esaulenko, E V / Novak, K E / Bykov, A S

Terapevticheskii arkhiv

2023 Volume 95, Issue 10, Page(s) 850–858

Abstract: Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of OM-85 in the treatment of uncomplicated acute respiratory infections (ARI) in adults.: Materials and methods: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, randomized trial included 556 patients (18-60 ... ...

Abstract	Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of OM-85 in the treatment of uncomplicated acute respiratory infections (ARI) in adults. Materials and methods: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, randomized trial included 556 patients (18-60 years old) with mild and moderate ARI and negative results of polymerase chain reaction analysis for SARS-CoV-2 RNA and rapid test for influenza A and B viruses. Patients were randomized into two groups: in the first group ( Results: The superiority of OM-85 over placebo by primary endpoint was observed on the 5th, 7th and 10th days of treatment. OM-85 efficacy has also been proven by secondary criteria. OM-85 shortened the time until the symptoms of ARI resolved according to the WURSS-21 and CCQ, increased the proportion of patients with body temperature below 37°C by 2-9 days. The time needed to resolve the symptoms of disease in 20% of patients according to WURSS-21 was 7 and 9 days in patients taking OM-85 and placebo, respectively. Bacterial lysate increased the probability of complete disappearance of symptoms according to CCQ by 45.7% compared to placebo. The analysis of the frequency and severity of adverse events, laboratory tests, physical and instrumental examination results during treatment confirmed the good tolerability and safety of OM-85. Conclusion: The study confirmed the efficacy and safety of OM-85 in the complex treatment of ARI in adults.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Middle Aged ; Bacterial Lysates ; RNA, Viral/therapeutic use ; Respiratory Tract Infections/drug therapy ; Influenza, Human/drug therapy ; Common Cold ; Double-Blind Method ; Bacteria ; Treatment Outcome
Chemical Substances	Bacterial Lysates ; RNA, Viral
Language	Russian
Publishing date	2023-11-23
Publishing country	Russia (Federation)
Document type	Randomized Controlled Trial ; Multicenter Study ; English Abstract ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	40718-5
ISSN	2309-5342 ; 0040-3660
ISSN (online)	2309-5342
ISSN	0040-3660
DOI	10.26442/00403660.2023.10.202464
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Article ; Online: Synaptic transmission molecules and their role in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis

A. V. Klimov / O. V. Kalyuzhin / V. V. Klimov / O. A. Naidina

Бюллетень сибирской медицины, Vol 20, Iss 4, Pp 143-

2022 Volume 152

Abstract: Immune cells and molecules, as well as synaptic transmission molecules play a regulatory role in the communication pathways of the entire body when it is necessary to engage all body resources in the fight against infections or tumor cells wherever they ... ...

Abstract	Immune cells and molecules, as well as synaptic transmission molecules play a regulatory role in the communication pathways of the entire body when it is necessary to engage all body resources in the fight against infections or tumor cells wherever they appear. In potential allergy, the neuroimmune network controls allergen tolerance maintenance at both local and systemic levels.The review focuses on different neurotransmitters and our understanding of a balance and imbalance between the immune system and the nervous system in allergic inflammation, including allergic rhinitis. However, the pathogenesis of the two endotypes of rhinitis (conventional allergic rhinitis and local allergic rhinitis) and the impact of the neuroimmune network on it remain unresolved.
Keywords	аллергический ринит ; нейротрансмиттеры ; нейрогормоны ; нейропептиды ; рецепторы для нейромолекул ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Siberian State Medical University (Tomsk)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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