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Book ; Online: X-HRNet

Zhou, Yixuan / Wang, Xuanhan / Xu, Xing / Zhao, Lei / Song, Jingkuan

Towards Lightweight Human Pose Estimation with Spatially Unidimensional Self-Attention

2023

Abstract: ... backbone X-HRNet, where `X' represents the estimated cross-shape attention vectors. Extensive experiments ... on the COCO benchmark demonstrate the superiority of our X-HRNet, and comprehensive ablation studies show ... the effectiveness of the SUSA modules. The code is publicly available at https://github.com/cool-xuan/x-hrnet ...

Abstract	High-resolution representation is necessary for human pose estimation to achieve high performance, and the ensuing problem is high computational complexity. In particular, predominant pose estimation methods estimate human joints by 2D single-peak heatmaps. Each 2D heatmap can be horizontally and vertically projected to and reconstructed by a pair of 1D heat vectors. Inspired by this observation, we introduce a lightweight and powerful alternative, Spatially Unidimensional Self-Attention (SUSA), to the pointwise (1x1) convolution that is the main computational bottleneck in the depthwise separable 3c3 convolution. Our SUSA reduces the computational complexity of the pointwise (1x1) convolution by 96% without sacrificing accuracy. Furthermore, we use the SUSA as the main module to build our lightweight pose estimation backbone X-HRNet, where `X' represents the estimated cross-shape attention vectors. Extensive experiments on the COCO benchmark demonstrate the superiority of our X-HRNet, and comprehensive ablation studies show the effectiveness of the SUSA modules. The code is publicly available at https://github.com/cool-xuan/x-hrnet. Comment: Accepted by ICME 2022
Keywords	Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Subject code	004
Publishing date	2023-10-12
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: PaLI-X

Chen, Xi / Djolonga, Josip / Padlewski, Piotr / Mustafa, Basil / Changpinyo, Soravit / Wu, Jialin / Ruiz, Carlos Riquelme / Goodman, Sebastian / Wang, Xiao / Tay, Yi / Shakeri, Siamak / Dehghani, Mostafa / Salz, Daniel / Lucic, Mario / Tschannen, Michael / Nagrani, Arsha / Hu, Hexiang / Joshi, Mandar / Pang, Bo /

On Scaling up a Multilingual Vision and Language Model

2023

Abstract: We present the training recipe and results of scaling up PaLI-X, a multilingual vision and language ... in-context) learning, as well as object detection, video question answering, and video captioning. PaLI-X ...

Abstract	We present the training recipe and results of scaling up PaLI-X, a multilingual vision and language model, both in terms of size of the components and the breadth of its training task mixture. Our model achieves new levels of performance on a wide-range of varied and complex tasks, including multiple image-based captioning and question-answering tasks, image-based document understanding and few-shot (in-context) learning, as well as object detection, video question answering, and video captioning. PaLI-X advances the state-of-the-art on most vision-and-language benchmarks considered (25+ of them). Finally, we observe emerging capabilities, such as complex counting and multilingual object detection, tasks that are not explicitly in the training mix.
Keywords	Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ; Computer Science - Computation and Language ; Computer Science - Machine Learning
Publishing date	2023-05-29
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Advanced X-by-Wire Technologies in Design, Control and Measurement for Vehicular Electrified Chassis

Li, Yong / Xu, Xing / Zhang, Lin / Qin, Yechen / Lu, Yang

2023

Keywords	Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; energy consumption optimization ; torque distribution ; energy efficiency ; motor efficiency ; four in-wheel motor drive electric vehicle ; nonlinear model predictive control ; four-wheel drive ; acceleration slip regulation ; intervention and exit mechanisms ; autonomous driving ; planning algorithm ; variable Gaussian safety field ; reinforcement learning ; policy gradient ; x-by-wire vehicle ; trajectory tracking control ; model predictive control ; hierarchical control ; distributed drive electric vehicles ; additional roll moment ; decoupling control ; load transfer rate ; electronically controlled air suspension ; solenoid valve ; extended Kalman filter bank ; fault diagnosis ; fault-tolerant control ; distributed driving electric vehicles ; polynomial path planning ; torque allocation ; obstacle avoidance path tracking ; fuzzy neural network ; particle swarm algorithm ; PID control ; active suspension ; MATLAB/Simulink simulation ; suspension ; mechatronic inerter ; bridge network ; high-order impedance ; real vehicle test ; autonomous vehicle ; path tracking control ; non-singular fast terminal sliding mode control ; model reference control ; vehicle ; fractional-order electrical network ; structure-immittance approach ; optimal design ; multi-agent coordinated control system ; active collision avoidance ; blackboard model ; real-time ; electric vehicles ; regenerative braking ; energy recovery ; genetic algorithm ; braking stability ; seat suspension ; inerter ; mechatronic system ; permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) ; position sensorless compound control ; high frequency (HF) signal injection method ; I/F control ; model-based techniques ; n/a
Language	English
Size	1 electronic resource (268 pages)
Publisher	MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Publishing place	Basel
Document type	Book ; Online
Note	English
HBZ-ID	HT030381937
ISBN	9783036580579 ; 3036580573
Database	ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Book ; Online: X-CLIP

Ma, Yiwei / Xu, Guohai / Sun, Xiaoshuai / Yan, Ming / Zhang, Ji / Ji, Rongrong

End-to-End Multi-grained Contrastive Learning for Video-Text Retrieval

2022

Abstract: ... presents a novel multi-grained contrastive model, namely X-CLIP, for video-text retrieval ... the proposed AOSM module, X-CLIP achieves outstanding performance on five widely-used video-text retrieval ...

Abstract	Video-text retrieval has been a crucial and fundamental task in multi-modal research. The development of video-text retrieval has been considerably promoted by large-scale multi-modal contrastive pre-training, which primarily focuses on coarse-grained or fine-grained contrast. However, cross-grained contrast, which is the contrast between coarse-grained representations and fine-grained representations, has rarely been explored in prior research. Compared with fine-grained or coarse-grained contrasts, cross-grained contrast calculate the correlation between coarse-grained features and each fine-grained feature, and is able to filter out the unnecessary fine-grained features guided by the coarse-grained feature during similarity calculation, thus improving the accuracy of retrieval. To this end, this paper presents a novel multi-grained contrastive model, namely X-CLIP, for video-text retrieval. However, another challenge lies in the similarity aggregation problem, which aims to aggregate fine-grained and cross-grained similarity matrices to instance-level similarity. To address this challenge, we propose the Attention Over Similarity Matrix (AOSM) module to make the model focus on the contrast between essential frames and words, thus lowering the impact of unnecessary frames and words on retrieval results. With multi-grained contrast and the proposed AOSM module, X-CLIP achieves outstanding performance on five widely-used video-text retrieval datasets, including MSR-VTT (49.3 R@1), MSVD (50.4 R@1), LSMDC (26.1 R@1), DiDeMo (47.8 R@1) and ActivityNet (46.2 R@1). It outperforms the previous state-of-theart by +6.3%, +6.6%, +11.1%, +6.7%, +3.8% relative improvements on these benchmarks, demonstrating the superiority of multi-grained contrast and AOSM. Comment: 13 pages, 6 figures, ACMMM22
Keywords	Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Subject code	004
Publishing date	2022-07-15
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: X-Trans2Cap

Yuan, Zhihao / Yan, Xu / Liao, Yinghong / Guo, Yao / Li, Guanbin / Li, Zhen / Cui, Shuguang

Cross-Modal Knowledge Transfer using Transformer for 3D Dense Captioning

2022

Abstract: ... Transformer for 3D dense captioning, X-Trans2Cap, to effectively boost the performance of single-modal 3D ... modal feature fusion module and the feature alignment in the training phase, X-Trans2Cap acquires rich ... using point clouds during the inference. Qualitative and quantitative results confirm that X-Trans2Cap ...

Abstract	3D dense captioning aims to describe individual objects by natural language in 3D scenes, where 3D scenes are usually represented as RGB-D scans or point clouds. However, only exploiting single modal information, e.g., point cloud, previous approaches fail to produce faithful descriptions. Though aggregating 2D features into point clouds may be beneficial, it introduces an extra computational burden, especially in inference phases. In this study, we investigate a cross-modal knowledge transfer using Transformer for 3D dense captioning, X-Trans2Cap, to effectively boost the performance of single-modal 3D caption through knowledge distillation using a teacher-student framework. In practice, during the training phase, the teacher network exploits auxiliary 2D modality and guides the student network that only takes point clouds as input through the feature consistency constraints. Owing to the well-designed cross-modal feature fusion module and the feature alignment in the training phase, X-Trans2Cap acquires rich appearance information embedded in 2D images with ease. Thus, a more faithful caption can be generated only using point clouds during the inference. Qualitative and quantitative results confirm that X-Trans2Cap outperforms previous state-of-the-art by a large margin, i.e., about +21 and about +16 absolute CIDEr score on ScanRefer and Nr3D datasets, respectively. Comment: To appear in CVPR2022
Keywords	Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Subject code	004
Publishing date	2022-03-01
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Probing Energy-Funneling Kinetics in Nanocrystal Sublattices for Superior X-ray Imaging.

Wu, Qinxia / Xu, Xinqi / Li, Xiaokun / Jiang, Hao / Qin, Xian / Hong, Zhongzhu / Chen, Xiaofeng / Yang, Zhijian / Ou, Xiangyu / Xie, Lili / He, Yu / Han, Sanyang / Chen, Qiushui / Yang, Huanghao

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)

2024 , Page(s) e202404177

Abstract: ... storing X-ray energy. However, determination of energy-conversion kinetics in these nanocrystals remaines ... in X-ray sensitivity, 22 lp/mm high-resolution X-ray imaging, and a 30-day-long optical memory ...

Abstract	Long-lasting radioluminescence scintillators have recently attracted substantial attention from both research and industrial communities, primarily due to their distinctive capabilities of converting and storing X-ray energy. However, determination of energy-conversion kinetics in these nanocrystals remaines unexplored. Here we investigate energy funneling kinetics in NaLuF4:Mn2+/Gd3+ nanocrystal sublattices via Gd3+-driven microenvironment engineering and Mn2+-mediated radioluminescence profiling. Our photophysical studies reveal effective control of energy-funneling kinetics and demonstrate the tunability of electron trap depth ranging from 0.66 to 0.96 eV, with the corresponding trap density varying between 2.38 × 105 and 1.34 × 107 cm-3. This enables controlled release of captured electrons over durations spanning from seconds to 30 days. Furthermore, it allows tailorable radioluminescence emission within the range of 520-580 nm and fine-tuning of thermally-stimulated temperature between 313-403 K. We further utilize these scintillators to fabricate high-density, large-area scintillation screens that exhibit a 6-fold improvement in X-ray sensitivity, 22 lp/mm high-resolution X-ray imaging, and a 30-day-long optical memory. This enables high-contrast imaging of injured mice through fast thermally-stimulated radioluminescence readout. These findings offer new insights into the correlation of radioluminescence dynamics with energy funneling kinetics, thereby contributing to the advancement of high-energy nanophotonic applications.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-18
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2011836-3
ISSN	1521-3773 ; 1433-7851
ISSN (online)	1521-3773
ISSN	1433-7851
DOI	10.1002/anie.202404177
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: The influence of Mg/Al molar ratio on the performance of CuMgAl-x catalysts for CO

Liu, Haoran / Huang, Wenbin / Xu, Zhen / Jia, Yijing / Huang, Meng / Liu, Xiaoyue / Yang, Han / Li, Rongrong / Wei, Qiang / Zhou, Yasong

Frontiers in chemistry

2024 Volume 12, Page(s) 1361930

Abstract: The CuMgAl-x catalysts derived from hydrotalcite precursors with different Mg/Al molar ratios were ...

Abstract	The CuMgAl-x catalysts derived from hydrotalcite precursors with different Mg/Al molar ratios were synthesized and applied to CO
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-14
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2711776-5
ISSN	2296-2646
ISSN	2296-2646
DOI	10.3389/fchem.2024.1361930
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: System X

Li, Feng-Jiao / Long, Hui-Zhi / Zhou, Zi-Wei / Luo, Hong-Yu / Xu, Shuo-Guo / Gao, Li-Chen

Frontiers in pharmacology

2022 Volume 13, Page(s) 910292

Abstract: ... have been discovered to regulate ferroptosis. In particular, the cystine/glutamate antiporter (System X ...

Abstract	The activation of ferroptosis is a new effective way to treat drug-resistant solid tumors. Ferroptosis is an iron-mediated form of cell death caused by the accumulation of lipid peroxides. The intracellular imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant due to the abnormal expression of multiple redox active enzymes will promote the produce of reactive oxygen species (ROS). So far, a few pathways and regulators have been discovered to regulate ferroptosis. In particular, the cystine/glutamate antiporter (System X
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-29
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2587355-6
ISSN	1663-9812
ISSN	1663-9812
DOI	10.3389/fphar.2022.910292
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Bcl-x

Hoffmeister-Wittmann, Paula / Mock, Andreas / Nichetti, Federico / Korell, Felix / Heilig, Christoph E / Scherr, Anna-Lena / Günther, Michael / Albrecht, Thomas / Kelmendi, Eblina / Xu, Kaiyu / Nader, Luisa / Kessler, Annika / Schmitt, Nathalie / Fritzsche, Sarah / Weiler, Sofia / Sobol, Benjamin / Stenzinger, Albrecht / Boeck, Stefan / Westphalen, Christoph B /

Schulze-Osthoff, Klaus / Trojan, Jörg / Kindler, Thomas / Weichert, Wilko / Spiekermann, Karsten / Bitzer, Michael / Folprecht, Gunnar / Illert, Anna L / Boerries, Melanie / Klauschen, Frederick / Ochsenreither, Sebastian / Siveke, Jens / Bauer, Sebastian / Glimm, Hanno / Brors, Benedikt / Hüllein, Jennifer / Hübschmann, Daniel / Uhrig, Sebastian / Horak, Peter / Kreutzfeldt, Simon / Banales, Jesus M / Springfeld, Christoph / Jäger, Dirk / Schirmacher, Peter / Roessler, Stephanie / Ormanns, Steffen / Goeppert, Benjamin / Fröhling, Stefan / Köhler, Bruno C

Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver

2022 Volume 42, Issue 12, Page(s) 2855–2870

Abstract: ... resistance, overexpression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins (Bcl-2, Bcl-x ...

Abstract	Intrahepatic, perihilar, and distal cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA, pCCA, dCCA) are highly malignant tumours with increasing mortality rates due to therapy resistances. Among the mechanisms mediating resistance, overexpression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins (Bcl-2, Bcl-x
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; bcl-X Protein/genetics ; bcl-X Protein/metabolism ; Bile Duct Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Bile Duct Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cholangiocarcinoma/diagnosis ; Cholangiocarcinoma/drug therapy ; Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein/genetics ; Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein/metabolism ; Prognosis ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/genetics
Chemical Substances	bcl-X Protein ; Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2102783-3
ISSN	1478-3231 ; 1478-3223
ISSN (online)	1478-3231
ISSN	1478-3223
DOI	10.1111/liv.15392
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Breast cancer cells have an increased ferroptosis risk induced by system x

Xue, Wenwen / Yu, Ying / Yao, Yongzhong / Zhou, Lin / Huang, Ying / Wang, Yixuan / Chen, Zhixiu / Wang, Liwei / Li, Xinran / Wang, Xiaoning / Du, Ronghui / Shen, Yan / Xu, Qiang

Redox biology

2024 Volume 70, Page(s) 103034

Abstract: ... expression showed hypersensitivity to system x ...

Abstract	Cytokine-like protein 1 (CYTL1) expression is deliberately downregulated during the progression of multiple types of cancers, especially breast cancer. However, the metabolic characteristics of cancer progression remain unclear. Here, we uncovered a risk of breast cancer cells harboring low CYTL1 expression, which is metabolically controlled during malignant progression. We performed metabolism comparison and revealed that breast cancer cells with low CYTL1 expression have highly suppressed transsulfuration activity that is driven by cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) and contributes to de novo cysteine synthesis. Mechanistically, CYTL1 activated Nrf2 by promoting autophagic Keap1 degradation, and Nrf2 subsequently transactivated CBS expression. Due to the lack of cellular cysteine synthesis, breast cancer cells with low CYTL1 expression showed hypersensitivity to system x
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1/metabolism ; Breast Neoplasms/genetics ; Ferroptosis ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/genetics ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/metabolism ; Cysteine ; Cystathionine beta-Synthase/metabolism ; Blood Proteins/metabolism ; Cytokines/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1 ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2 ; Cysteine (K848JZ4886) ; Cystathionine beta-Synthase (EC 4.2.1.22) ; CYTL1 protein, human ; Blood Proteins ; Cytokines
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-06
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2701011-9
ISSN	2213-2317 ; 2213-2317
ISSN (online)	2213-2317
ISSN	2213-2317
DOI	10.1016/j.redox.2024.103034
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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