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  1. Book ; Online: KE-RCNN

    Wang, Xuanhan / Song, Jingkuan / Chen, Xiaojia / Cheng, Lechao / Gao, Lianli / Shen, Heng Tao

    Unifying Knowledge based Reasoning into Part-level Attribute Parsing

    2022  

    Abstract: ... among them. In this article, we propose a Knowledge Embedded RCNN (KE-RCNN) to identify attributes by leveraging rich ... the attribute of ``hoodie'' or ``lining''). Specifically, the KE-RCNN consists of two novel components, i.e ... part-attribute} relations. In this way, the KE-RCNN is plug-and-play, which can be integrated ...

    Abstract Part-level attribute parsing is a fundamental but challenging task, which requires the region-level visual understanding to provide explainable details of body parts. Most existing approaches address this problem by adding a regional convolutional neural network (RCNN) with an attribute prediction head to a two-stage detector, in which attributes of body parts are identified from local-wise part boxes. However, local-wise part boxes with limit visual clues (i.e., part appearance only) lead to unsatisfying parsing results, since attributes of body parts are highly dependent on comprehensive relations among them. In this article, we propose a Knowledge Embedded RCNN (KE-RCNN) to identify attributes by leveraging rich knowledges, including implicit knowledge (e.g., the attribute ``above-the-hip'' for a shirt requires visual/geometry relations of shirt-hip) and explicit knowledge (e.g., the part of ``shorts'' cannot have the attribute of ``hoodie'' or ``lining''). Specifically, the KE-RCNN consists of two novel components, i.e., Implicit Knowledge based Encoder (IK-En) and Explicit Knowledge based Decoder (EK-De). The former is designed to enhance part-level representation by encoding part-part relational contexts into part boxes, and the latter one is proposed to decode attributes with a guidance of prior knowledge about \textit{part-attribute} relations. In this way, the KE-RCNN is plug-and-play, which can be integrated into any two-stage detectors, e.g., Attribute-RCNN, Cascade-RCNN, HRNet based RCNN and SwinTransformer based RCNN. Extensive experiments conducted on two challenging benchmarks, e.g., Fashionpedia and Kinetics-TPS, demonstrate the effectiveness and generalizability of the KE-RCNN. In particular, it achieves higher improvements over all existing methods, reaching around 3% of AP on Fashionpedia and around 4% of Acc on Kinetics-TPS.
    Keywords Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
    Subject code 004
    Publishing date 2022-06-21
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Book ; Online: KE-QI

    Ai, Chunhui / Wang, Derui / Yan, Xu / Xu, Yang / Xie, Wenrui / Cao, Ziqiang

    A Knowledge Enhanced Article Quality Identification Dataset

    2022  

    Abstract: ... entities to Baidu Encyclopedia, then propose Knowledge Enhanced article Quality Identification (KE-QI ... results on KE-QI show that with initialization of our pre-trained Node2Vec model, our model achieves ...

    Abstract With so many articles of varying qualities being produced every moment, it is a very urgent task to screen outstanding articles and commit them to social media. To our best knowledge, there is a lack of datasets and mature research works in identifying high-quality articles. Consequently, we conduct some surveys and finalize 7 objective indicators to annotate the quality of 10k articles. During annotation, we find that many characteristics of high-quality articles (e.g., background) rely more on extensive external knowledge than inner semantic information of articles. In response, we link extracted article entities to Baidu Encyclopedia, then propose Knowledge Enhanced article Quality Identification (KE-QI) dataset. To make better use of external knowledge, we propose a compound model which fuses the text and external knowledge information via a gate unit to classify the quality of an article. Our experimental results on KE-QI show that with initialization of our pre-trained Node2Vec model, our model achieves about 78\% $F_1$, outperforming other baselines.
    Keywords Computer Science - Computation and Language
    Subject code 306
    Publishing date 2022-06-15
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: KE: A Knowledge Enhancing Framework for Machine Learning Models.

    Wang, Yijue / Shah, Nidhibahen / Soliman, Ahmed / Guo, Dan / Rajasekaran, Sanguthevar

    The journal of physical chemistry. A

    2023  Volume 127, Issue 40, Page(s) 8437–8446

    Abstract: Machine learning models are widely used in science and engineering to predict the properties of materials and solve complex problems. However, training large models can take days and fine-tuning hyperparameters can take months, making it challenging to ... ...

    Abstract Machine learning models are widely used in science and engineering to predict the properties of materials and solve complex problems. However, training large models can take days and fine-tuning hyperparameters can take months, making it challenging to achieve optimal performance. To address this issue, we propose a
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1520-5215
    ISSN (online) 1520-5215
    DOI 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c04076
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: KE-RCNN: Unifying Knowledge-Based Reasoning Into Part-Level Attribute Parsing.

    Wang, Xuanhan / Song, Jingkuan / Chen, Xiaojia / Cheng, Lechao / Gao, Lianli / Shen, Heng Tao

    IEEE transactions on cybernetics

    2023  Volume 53, Issue 11, Page(s) 7263–7274

    Abstract: ... among them. In this article, we propose a knowledge-embedded RCNN (KE-RCNN) to identify attributes by leveraging rich ... the attribute of "hoodie" or "lining"). Specifically, the KE-RCNN consists of two novel components, that is: 1 ... attribute relations. In this way, the KE-RCNN is plug-and-play, which can be integrated into any two-stage ...

    Abstract Part-level attribute parsing is a fundamental but challenging task, which requires the region-level visual understanding to provide explainable details of body parts. Most existing approaches address this problem by adding a regional convolutional neural network (RCNN) with an attribute prediction head to a two-stage detector, in which attributes of body parts are identified from localwise part boxes. However, localwise part boxes with limit visual clues (i.e., part appearance only) lead to unsatisfying parsing results, since attributes of body parts are highly dependent on comprehensive relations among them. In this article, we propose a knowledge-embedded RCNN (KE-RCNN) to identify attributes by leveraging rich knowledge, including implicit knowledge (e.g., the attribute "above-the-hip" for a shirt requires visual/geometry relations of shirt-hip) and explicit knowledge (e.g., the part of "shorts" cannot have the attribute of "hoodie" or "lining"). Specifically, the KE-RCNN consists of two novel components, that is: 1) implicit knowledge-based encoder (IK-En) and 2) explicit knowledge-based decoder (EK-De). The former is designed to enhance part-level representation by encoding part-part relational contexts into part boxes, and the latter one is proposed to decode attributes with a guidance of prior knowledge about part-attribute relations. In this way, the KE-RCNN is plug-and-play, which can be integrated into any two-stage detectors, for example, Attribute-RCNN, Cascade-RCNN, HRNet-based RCNN, and SwinTransformer-based RCNN. Extensive experiments conducted on two challenging benchmarks, for example, Fashionpedia and Kinetics-TPS, demonstrate the effectiveness and generalizability of the KE-RCNN. In particular, it achieves higher improvements over all existing methods, reaching around 3% of AP
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2168-2275
    ISSN (online) 2168-2275
    DOI 10.1109/TCYB.2022.3209653
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Shang-Ke-Huang-Shui and coptisine alleviate osteoarthritis in the knee of monosodium iodoacetate-induced rats through inhibiting CXCR4 signaling.

    Yang, Kuangyang / Xie, Qian / Liao, Jiaxin / Zhao, Na / Liang, Jianhui / Liu, Ben / Chen, Jianhai / Cheng, Wenxiang / Bai, Xueling / Zhang, Peng / Liu, Qian / Song, Bing / Wang, Junyi Danny / Zheng, Fanghao / Hu, Chun / Liu, Lichu / Chen, Lei / Wang, Yan

    Journal of ethnopharmacology

    2023  Volume 311, Page(s) 116476

    Abstract: Ethnopharmacological relevance: Shang-Ke-Huang-Shui (SKHS) is a classic ...

    Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevance: Shang-Ke-Huang-Shui (SKHS) is a classic traditional Chinese medicine formula originally from the southern China city of Foshan. It has been widely used in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) but underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear.
    Aim of study: Recently, activation of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) signaling has been reported to induce cartilage degradation in OA patients; therefore, inhibition of CXCR4 signaling has becoming a promising approach for OA treatment. The aim of this study was to validate the cartilage protective effect of SKHS and test whether the anti-OA effects of SKHS depend on its inhibition on CXCR4 signaling. Additionally, CXCR4 antagonist in SKHS should be identified and its anti-OA activity should also be tested in vitro and in vivo.
    Methods: The anti-OA effects of SKHS and the newly identified CXCR4 antagonist was evaluated by monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced rats. The articular cartilage surface was examined by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and Safranin O-Fast Green (S-F) staining whereas the subchondral bone was examined by micro-CT. CXCR4 antagonist screenings were conducted by molecular docking and calcium response assay. The CXCR4 antagonist was characterized by UPLC/MS/MS. The bulk RNA-Seq was conducted to identify CXCR4-mediated signaling pathway. The expression of ADAMTS4,5 was tested by qPCR and Western blot.
    Results: SKHS protected rats from MIA-induced cartilage degradation and subchondral bone damage. SKHS also inhibited CXCL12-indcued ADAMTS4,5 overexpression in chondrocytes through inhibiting Akt pathway. Coptisine has been identified as the most potent CXCR4 antagonist in SKHS. Coptisine reduced CXCL12-induced ADAMTS4,5 overexpression in chondrocytes. Furthermore, in MIA-induced OA model, the repaired cartilage and subchondral bone were observed in the coptisine-treated rats.
    Conclusion: We first report here that the traditional Chinese medicine formula SKHS and its predominate phytochemical coptisine significantly alleviated cartilage degradation as well as subchondral bone damage through inhibiting CXCR4-mediated ADAMTS4,5 overexpression. Together, our work has provided an important insight of the molecular mechanism of SKHS and coptisine for their treatment of OA.
    MeSH term(s) Rats ; Animals ; Iodoacetic Acid/adverse effects ; Iodoacetic Acid/metabolism ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Osteoarthritis/chemically induced ; Osteoarthritis/drug therapy ; Cartilage, Articular ; Chondrocytes ; Signal Transduction ; Osteoarthritis, Knee/metabolism ; Receptors, CXCR4/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Iodoacetic Acid (WF5188V710) ; coptisine (0GCL71VN14) ; Cxcr4 protein, rat ; Receptors, CXCR4
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-07
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 134511-4
    ISSN 1872-7573 ; 0378-8741
    ISSN (online) 1872-7573
    ISSN 0378-8741
    DOI 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116476
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Therapeutic mechanisms of the medicine and food homology formula Xiao-Ke-Yin on glucolipid metabolic dysfunction revealed by transcriptomics, metabolomics and microbiomics in mice.

    Li, Mei / Cheng, Ding / Peng, Chuan / Huang, Yujiao / Geng, Jie / Huang, Guangrui / Wang, Ting / Xu, Anlong

    Chinese medicine

    2023  Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) 57

    Abstract: ... therapeutic choice. Xiao-Ke-Yin (XKY) is a medicine and food homology TCM formula consisting of nine "medicine ...

    Abstract Background: In recent decades, the prevalence of metabolic diseases, particularly diabetes, hyperlipidemia, obesity, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), has increased dramatically, causing great public health and economic burdens worldwide. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) serves as an effective therapeutic choice. Xiao-Ke-Yin (XKY) is a medicine and food homology TCM formula consisting of nine "medicine and food homology" herbs and is used to ameliorate metabolic diseases, such as insulin resistance, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and NAFLD. However, despite its therapeutic potential in metabolic disorders, the underlying mechanisms of this TCM remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness of XKY on glucolipid metabolism dysfunction and explore the potential mechanisms in db/db mice.
    Methods: To verify the effects of XKY, db/db mice were treated with different concentrations of XKY (5.2, 2.6 and 1.3 g/kg/d) and metformin (0.2 g/kg/d, a hypoglycemic positive control) for 6 weeks, respectively. During this study, we detected the body weight (BW) and fasting blood glucose (FBG), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), insulin tolerance test (ITT), daily food intake and water intake. At the end of the animal experiment, blood samples, feces, liver and intestinal tissue of mice in all groups were collected. The potential mechanisms were investigated by using hepatic RNA sequencing, 16 S rRNA sequencing of the gut microbiota and metabolomics analysis.
    Results: XKY efficiently mitigated hyperglycemia, IR, hyperlipidemia, inflammation and hepatic pathological injury in a dose dependent manner. Mechanistically, hepatic transcriptomic analysis showed that XKY treatment significantly reversed the upregulated cholesterol biosynthesis which was further confirmed by RT-qPCR. Additionally, XKY administration maintained intestinal epithelial homeostasis, modulated gut microbiota dysbiosis, and regulated its metabolites. In particular, XKY decreased secondary bile acid producing bacteria (Clostridia and Lachnospircaeae) and lowered fecal secondary bile acid (lithocholic acid (LCA) and deoxycholic acid (DCA)) levels to promote hepatic bile acid synthesis by inhibiting the LCA/DCA-FXR-FGF15 signalling pathway. Furthermore, XKY regulated amino acid metabolism including arginine biosynthesis, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, and tryptophan metabolism likely by increasing Bacilli, Lactobacillaceae and Lactobacillus, and decreasing Clostridia, Lachnospircaeae, Tannerellaceae and Parabacteroides abundances.
    Conclusion: Taken together, our findings demonstrate that XKY is a promising "medicine food homology" formula for ameliorating glucolipid metabolism and reveal that the therapeutic effects of XKY may due to its downregulation of hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis and modulation of the dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and metabolites.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2260322-0
    ISSN 1749-8546
    ISSN 1749-8546
    DOI 10.1186/s13020-023-00752-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Shang-Ke-Huang-Shui and coptisine alleviate osteoarthritis in the knee of monosodium iodoacetate-induced rats through inhibiting CXCR4 signaling

    Yang, Kuangyang / Xie, Qian / Liao, Jiaxin / Zhao, Na / Liang, Jianhui / Liu, Ben / Chen, Jianhai / Cheng, Wenxiang / Bai, Xueling / Zhang, Peng / Liu, Qian / Song, Bing / Wang, Junyi (Danny) / Zheng, Fanghao / Hu, Jun / Liu, Lichu / Chen, Lei / Wang, Yan

    Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2023 July, v. 311 p.116476-

    2023  

    Abstract: Shang-Ke-Huang-Shui (SKHS) is a classic traditional Chinese medicine formula originally ...

    Abstract Shang-Ke-Huang-Shui (SKHS) is a classic traditional Chinese medicine formula originally from the southern China city of Foshan. It has been widely used in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) but underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Recently, activation of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) signaling has been reported to induce cartilage degradation in OA patients; therefore, inhibition of CXCR4 signaling has becoming a promising approach for OA treatment. The aim of this study was to validate the cartilage protective effect of SKHS and test whether the anti-OA effects of SKHS depend on its inhibition on CXCR4 signaling. Additionally, CXCR4 antagonist in SKHS should be identified and its anti-OA activity should also be tested in vitro and in vivo. The anti-OA effects of SKHS and the newly identified CXCR4 antagonist was evaluated by monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced rats. The articular cartilage surface was examined by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and Safranin O-Fast Green (S–F) staining whereas the subchondral bone was examined by micro-CT. CXCR4 antagonist screenings were conducted by molecular docking and calcium response assay. The CXCR4 antagonist was characterized by UPLC/MS/MS. The bulk RNA-Seq was conducted to identify CXCR4-mediated signaling pathway. The expression of ADAMTS4,5 was tested by qPCR and Western blot. SKHS protected rats from MIA-induced cartilage degradation and subchondral bone damage. SKHS also inhibited CXCL12-indcued ADAMTS4,5 overexpression in chondrocytes through inhibiting Akt pathway. Coptisine has been identified as the most potent CXCR4 antagonist in SKHS. Coptisine reduced CXCL12-induced ADAMTS4,5 overexpression in chondrocytes. Furthermore, in MIA-induced OA model, the repaired cartilage and subchondral bone were observed in the coptisine-treated rats. We first report here that the traditional Chinese medicine formula SKHS and its predominate phytochemical coptisine significantly alleviated cartilage degradation as well as subchondral bone damage through inhibiting CXCR4-mediated ADAMTS4,5 overexpression. Together, our work has provided an important insight of the molecular mechanism of SKHS and coptisine for their treatment of OA.
    Keywords CXCR4 receptor ; Oriental traditional medicine ; Western blotting ; antagonists ; calcium ; cartilage ; chondrocytes ; eosin ; micro-computed tomography ; models ; osteoarthritis ; phytochemicals ; protective effect ; sequence analysis ; China ; C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 ; Shang-Ke-Huang-Shui ; Coptidis Rhizoma ; coptisine
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-07
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 134511-4
    ISSN 1872-7573 ; 0378-8741
    ISSN (online) 1872-7573
    ISSN 0378-8741
    DOI 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116476
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article ; Online: Ke Hsin Kuo: A distinguished scientist and great mentor.

    Wang, Da-Neng / Qin, Lu-Chang

    Protein & cell

    2018  Volume 10, Issue 2, Page(s) 79–86

    MeSH term(s) China ; Cryoelectron Microscopy/history ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-11-13
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Biography ; Historical Article ; Portrait
    ZDB-ID 2543451-2
    ISSN 1674-8018 ; 1674-800X
    ISSN (online) 1674-8018
    ISSN 1674-800X
    DOI 10.1007/s13238-018-0589-5
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: ‘Qiao Ran Bao Ke’: A New Cultivar of Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge with Thin Skin

    Xu, Huihui / Wang, Xi / Liu, Xiaojuan / Li, Yingchao / Wang, Libing / Yu, Haiyan / Bi, Quanxin

    HortScience. 2022 June, v. 57, no. 6

    2022  

    Abstract: ... Wang et al., 2012). Additionally, it is an ecological tree for landscaping and forestation that has ...

    Abstract Yellowhorn (Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge) is a deciduous shrub or small tree of the genus Xanthoceras in the family Sapindaceae. It is a unique oil tree species in northern China. Its kernels have a high oil content (>60%) and rich unsaturated fatty acids—such as oleic acid, linoleic acid, and neuronal acid—that have high edible and medicinal values. Unsaturated fatty acids scavenge free radicals and have antioxidant functions. Oleic acid and linoleic acid prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases and have significant effects on lowering blood pressure. Neurotic acid could repair and regenerate the damaged nervous system and enhance memory (Yu et al., 2017). The yellowhorn oil also has properties similar to those of ordinary diesel oil, and it is a good biomass energy tree species (Ma et al., 2020; Wang et al., 2012). Additionally, it is an ecological tree for landscaping and forestation that has high ornamental value, with colorful flowers and strong resistance to stress.
    Keywords Xanthoceras sorbifolium ; antioxidants ; bioenergy ; blood pressure ; cultivars ; diesel fuel ; linoleic acid ; lipid content ; memory ; neurons ; oils ; oleic acid ; ornamental value ; shrubs ; trees ; China
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-06
    Size p. 731-732.
    Publishing place American Society for Horticultural Science
    Document type Article
    ISSN 2327-9834
    DOI 10.21273/HORTSCI16589-22
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  10. Article ; Online: The potential DPP-4 inhibitors from Xiao-Ke-An improve the glucolipid metabolism via the activation of AKT/GSK-3β pathway.

    Jiang, Shumin / Wu, Xueli / Wang, Yi / Zou, Jingtao / Zhao, Xiaoping

    European journal of pharmacology

    2020  Volume 882, Page(s) 173272

    Abstract: ... inhibitors were screened with an inhibition over 50% on DPP-4 activity from Xiao-Ke-An formula (XKA) and 12 ...

    Abstract Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) is a specific enzyme hydrolyzing the incretin hormone glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) to reduce insulin secretion, meanwhile DPP-4 inhibitors play an important role in diabetic therapy. In present study, 14 potential inhibitors were screened with an inhibition over 50% on DPP-4 activity from Xiao-Ke-An formula (XKA) and 12 of them exhibited a dose-dependently inhibitory effect at concentrations of 5-50 μmol/l. We found 10 DPP-4 inhibitors restrained differentiation of 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes as well as reducing the triglycerides and total cholesterol content in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Furthermore, 7 DPP-4 inhibitors promoted the glucose consumption in insulin-resistance BNL CL.2 cells. Thereinto, ginsenoside Rk
    MeSH term(s) Adipocytes/drug effects ; Adipocytes/metabolism ; Animals ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Cholesterol/metabolism ; Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4/metabolism ; Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Glucose/metabolism ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta/metabolism ; Lipid Metabolism/drug effects ; Mice ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Triglycerides/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Triglycerides ; Xiao-Ke-An ; Cholesterol (97C5T2UQ7J) ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 (EC 3.4.14.5) ; Dpp4 protein, mouse (EC 3.4.14.5) ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-11
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80121-5
    ISSN 1879-0712 ; 0014-2999
    ISSN (online) 1879-0712
    ISSN 0014-2999
    DOI 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173272
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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