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  1. Article ; Online: Suppressor analysis links trans-translation and ribosomal protein uS7 to RluD function in Escherichia coli.

    Clark, Zachary S / O'Connor, Michael

    Biochemical and biophysical research communications

    2024  Volume 700, Page(s) 149584

    Abstract: The pseudouridine (ψ) synthase, RluD is responsible for three ψ modifications in the helix 69 (H69) of bacterial 23S rRNA. While normally dispensable, rluD becomes critical for rapid cell growth in bacteria that are defective in translation-termination. ... ...

    Abstract The pseudouridine (ψ) synthase, RluD is responsible for three ψ modifications in the helix 69 (H69) of bacterial 23S rRNA. While normally dispensable, rluD becomes critical for rapid cell growth in bacteria that are defective in translation-termination. In slow-growing rluD
    MeSH term(s) Escherichia coli/metabolism ; Ribosomal Proteins/genetics ; Ribosomal Proteins/metabolism ; Escherichia coli Proteins/metabolism ; Codon, Terminator/genetics ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Hydro-Lyases/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Ribosomal Proteins ; Escherichia coli Proteins ; Codon, Terminator ; RluD protein, E coli (EC 4.2.1.70) ; Hydro-Lyases (EC 4.2.1.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 205723-2
    ISSN 1090-2104 ; 0006-291X ; 0006-291X
    ISSN (online) 1090-2104 ; 0006-291X
    ISSN 0006-291X
    DOI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149584
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Intertidal habitat complexity influences the density of the non-native crab

    Towne, Zachary W / Judge, Michael L / O'Connor, Nancy J

    PeerJ

    2023  Volume 11, Page(s) e15161

    Abstract: Habitat structural complexity can provide protection from predators, potentially affecting population density of native and non-native prey. The invasive Asian shore crab, ...

    Abstract Habitat structural complexity can provide protection from predators, potentially affecting population density of native and non-native prey. The invasive Asian shore crab,
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Brachyura ; Ecosystem ; Predatory Behavior ; Population Density ; Europe
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2703241-3
    ISSN 2167-8359 ; 2167-8359
    ISSN (online) 2167-8359
    ISSN 2167-8359
    DOI 10.7717/peerj.15161
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Pulmonary Embolism in a Collegiate Softball Athlete: A Case Report.

    Devilbiss, Zachary / O'Connor, Francis

    Current sports medicine reports

    2020  Volume 19, Issue 2, Page(s) 53–57

    MeSH term(s) Anticoagulants/therapeutic use ; Antithrombins/therapeutic use ; Athletes ; Baseball ; Chest Pain ; Computed Tomography Angiography ; Dabigatran/therapeutic use ; Dyspnea ; Female ; Hemoptysis ; Humans ; Pulmonary Embolism/diagnostic imaging ; Pulmonary Embolism/drug therapy ; Warfarin/therapeutic use ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Anticoagulants ; Antithrombins ; Warfarin (5Q7ZVV76EI) ; Dabigatran (I0VM4M70GC)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2080040-X
    ISSN 1537-8918 ; 1537-890X
    ISSN (online) 1537-8918
    ISSN 1537-890X
    DOI 10.1249/JSR.0000000000000682
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Intertidal habitat complexity influences the density of the non-native crab Hemigrapsus sanguineus

    Zachary W. Towne / Michael L. Judge / Nancy J. O’Connor

    PeerJ, Vol 11, p e

    2023  Volume 15161

    Abstract: Habitat structural complexity can provide protection from predators, potentially affecting population density of native and non-native prey. The invasive Asian shore crab, Hemigrapsus sanguineus, occurs in variable densities in the rocky intertidal zone ... ...

    Abstract Habitat structural complexity can provide protection from predators, potentially affecting population density of native and non-native prey. The invasive Asian shore crab, Hemigrapsus sanguineus, occurs in variable densities in the rocky intertidal zone of eastern North America and northern Europe, often in densities greater than in its native range. The present study examined the influence of habitat complexity on the density of H. sanguineus. Artificial shelters of concrete pavers with stones arranged in increasing complexity were deployed in the intertidal zone along a rocky shore in southeastern Massachusetts, USA, for 21 consecutive weekly intervals in 2020. Crabs consistently reached the highest densities in the most complex shelters despite their lower internal surface area. In addition, crabs exhibited shelter selectivity based on body size, with large crabs occupying artificial shelters in greater numbers than adjacent natural substrate. In a subsequent lab study, crab activity over 1 h was observed in the presence of the same artificial shelters, under simulated tidal conditions. Shelter complexity had little influence on the number of crabs under the pavers although crabs were more active when submerged in water than exposed to air. These results show that crab density increases as habitat complexity increases, and complexity may serve as a predictor of H. sanguineus density but not short-term behavior.
    Keywords Asian shore crab ; Behavior ; Density ; Hemigrapsus sanguineus ; Habitat complexity ; Rocky intertidal ; Medicine ; R ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher PeerJ Inc.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Pediatric renal trauma at a level 1 trauma center in a rural state: A 10-year institutional review and protocol implementation.

    Werner, Zachary / O'Connor, Luke / Wasef, Kareem / Abdelhalim, Ahmed / Al-Omar, Osama

    Journal of pediatric urology

    2023  Volume 19, Issue 4, Page(s) 400.e1–400.e5

    Abstract: Introduction: Unintentional injury is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in children. There is no consensus on the ideal, discrete management of pediatric renal trauma (PRT). Therefore, management protocols tend to be institution-specific.: ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Unintentional injury is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in children. There is no consensus on the ideal, discrete management of pediatric renal trauma (PRT). Therefore, management protocols tend to be institution-specific.
    Objective: This study aimed to characterize PRT at a rural level-1 trauma center and subsequently develop a standardized protocol.
    Study design: A retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database of PRT at a rural level 1 trauma center between 2009 and 2019 was conducted. Injuries were characterized regarding renal trauma grade, associated multi-organ involvement and the need for intervention. The benefit of patient transfer from regional hospitals and length and cost of stay were evaluated.
    Results: Of 250 patients admitted with renal trauma diagnosis 50 patients <18 years were analyzed. Of those, the majority (32/50, 64%) had low-grade (grade I-III) injuries. Conservative management was successful in all low-grade injuries. Of 18 high-grade PRT, 10 (55.6%) required intervention, one prior to transfer. Among patients with low-grade trauma, 23/32 (72%) were transferred from an outside facility. A total of 13 (26%) patients with isolated low-grade renal trauma were transferred from regional hospitals. All isolated, transferred low-grade renal trauma had diagnostic imaging before transfer and none required invasive intervention. Interventional management of renal injury was associated with a longer median LOS [7 (IQR = 4-16.5) vs 4 (IQR = 2-6) days for conservative management, p = 0.019)] and an increased median total cost of $57,986 vs. $18,042 for conservative management (p = 0.002).
    Discussion: The majority of PRT, particularly low-grade, can be managed conservatively. A significant proportion of children with low-grade trauma are unnecessarily transferred to higher level centers. Review of pediatric renal trauma at our institution over a decade has allowed us to develop an institutional protocol which we believe allows for safe and effective patient monitoring.
    Conclusion: Isolated, low-grade PRT can be managed conservatively at regional hospitals without needing transfer to a level 1 trauma center. Children with high-grade injuries should be closely monitored and are more likely to need invasive intervention. Development of a PRT protocol will help to safely triage this population and identify those who may benefit from transfer to a tertiary care center.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; Databases, Factual ; Kidney/injuries ; Retrospective Studies ; Trauma Centers ; Wounds, Nonpenetrating/diagnosis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2237683-5
    ISSN 1873-4898 ; 1477-5131
    ISSN (online) 1873-4898
    ISSN 1477-5131
    DOI 10.1016/j.jpurol.2023.04.013
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Low TCR Binding Strength Results in Increased Progenitor-like CD8+ Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes.

    Hay, Zachary L Z / Knapp, Jennifer R / Magallon, Roman E / O'Connor, Brian P / Slansky, Jill E

    Cancer immunology research

    2023  Volume 11, Issue 5, Page(s) 570–582

    Abstract: T-cell receptor (TCR) binding strength to peptide-MHC antigen complex influences numerous T-cell functions. However, the vast diversity of a polyclonal T-cell repertoire for even a single antigen greatly increases the complexity of studying the impact of ...

    Abstract T-cell receptor (TCR) binding strength to peptide-MHC antigen complex influences numerous T-cell functions. However, the vast diversity of a polyclonal T-cell repertoire for even a single antigen greatly increases the complexity of studying the impact of TCR affinity on T-cell function. Here, we determined how TCR binding strength affected the protein and transcriptional profile of an endogenous, polyclonal T-cell response to a known tumor-associated antigen (TAA) within the tumor microenvironment (TME). We confirmed that the staining intensity by flow cytometry and the counts by sequencing from MHC-tetramer labeling were reliable surrogates for the TCR-peptide-MHC steady-state binding affinity. We further demonstrated by single-cell RNA sequencing that tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) with high and low binding affinity for a TAA can differentiate into cells with many antigen-specific transcriptional profiles within an established TME. However, more progenitor-like phenotypes were significantly biased towards lower affinity T cells, and proliferating phenotypes showed significant bias towards high-affinity TILs. In addition, we found that higher affinity T cells advanced more rapidly to terminal phases of T-cell exhaustion and exhibited better tumor control. We confirmed the polyclonal TIL results using a TCR transgenic mouse possessing a single low-affinity TCR targeting the same TAA. These T cells maintained a progenitor-exhausted phenotype and exhibited impaired tumor control. We propose that high-affinity TCR interactions drive T-cell fate decisions more rapidly than low-affinity interactions and that these cells differentiate faster. These findings illustrate divergent forms of T-cell dysfunction based on TCR affinity which may impact TIL therapies and antitumor responses.
    MeSH term(s) Mice ; Animals ; Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell ; T-Lymphocytes ; Neoplasms/metabolism ; Antigens, Neoplasm/metabolism ; Mice, Transgenic ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; Peptides/metabolism ; Tumor Microenvironment
    Chemical Substances Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell ; Antigens, Neoplasm ; Peptides
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2732489-8
    ISSN 2326-6074 ; 2326-6066
    ISSN (online) 2326-6074
    ISSN 2326-6066
    DOI 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-22-0761
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Decreasing respiratory device-related pressure injuries in the NICU using 3D printed barrier templates.

    Goodyear, Lydia / Rao, Rakesh / Huck, Julia / Buckles, Marcy / Murphy, Jordan / Naufel, Zeyna / Niesen, Angela / O'Connor, Zachary / Winterbauer, Abigail / Wheeler, Carly / Penaloza, Colette / Barthel, Ashley / Pet, Gillian C

    Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association

    2024  

    Abstract: Objective: Use of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in very low birthweight infants to decrease the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia can also lead to pressure injuries (PI) caused by the respiratory device interface. We aimed to decrease our ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Use of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in very low birthweight infants to decrease the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia can also lead to pressure injuries (PI) caused by the respiratory device interface. We aimed to decrease our incidence of PIs related to the mask/prongs interface used for NIV (PI-NIV).
    Study design: We identified correct use of barriers and appropriate interface fit as key targets for intervention. Over several PDSA cycles, we developed custom 3D printed barrier templates to allow for barriers to be cut at the bedside and created concise educational documents to assist with interface fitting and troubleshooting.
    Results: The incidence of all PI-NIV decreased from 5.64 to 2.27 per 1000 NIV patient-days and the incidence of reportable (stage 3-4 and unstageable) PI-NIV decreased from 1.13 to 0 per 1000 NIV patient-days during the study period.
    Conclusions: With appropriate barrier usage and targeted education, the risk of PI-NIV can be minimized.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 645021-0
    ISSN 1476-5543 ; 0743-8346
    ISSN (online) 1476-5543
    ISSN 0743-8346
    DOI 10.1038/s41372-024-01878-7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Rapid and precise tracking of water influx and efflux across cell membranes induced by a pulsed electric field.

    Steelman, Zachary A / Martens, Stacey / Tran, Jennifer / Coker, Zachary N / Sedelnikova, Anna / Kiester, Allen S / O'Connor, Sean P / Ibey, Bennett L / Bixler, Joel N

    Biomedical optics express

    2023  Volume 14, Issue 5, Page(s) 1894–1910

    Abstract: Quantitative measurements of water content within a single cell are notoriously difficult. In this work, we introduce a single-shot optical method for tracking the intracellular water content, by mass and volume, of a single cell at video rate. We ... ...

    Abstract Quantitative measurements of water content within a single cell are notoriously difficult. In this work, we introduce a single-shot optical method for tracking the intracellular water content, by mass and volume, of a single cell at video rate. We utilize quantitative phase imaging and a priori knowledge of a spherical cellular geometry, leveraging a two-component mixture model to compute the intracellular water content. We apply this technique to study CHO-K1 cells responding to a pulsed electric field, which induces membrane permeabilization and rapid water influx or efflux depending upon the osmotic environment. The effects of mercury and gadolinium on water uptake in Jurkat cells following electropermeabilization are also examined.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2572216-5
    ISSN 2156-7085
    ISSN 2156-7085
    DOI 10.1364/BOE.485627
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Granzyme F: Exhaustion Marker and Modulator of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity.

    Hay, Zachary L Z / Kim, Dale D / Cimons, Jennifer M / Knapp, Jennifer R / Kohler, M Eric / Quansah, Mary / Zúñiga, Tiffany M / Camp, Faye A / Fujita, Mayumi / Wang, Xiao-Jing / O'Connor, Brian P / Slansky, Jill E

    Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

    2024  Volume 212, Issue 8, Page(s) 1381–1391

    Abstract: Granzymes are a family of proteases used by CD8 T cells to mediate cytotoxicity and other less-defined activities. The substrate and mechanism of action of many granzymes are unknown, although they diverge among the family members. In this study, we show ...

    Abstract Granzymes are a family of proteases used by CD8 T cells to mediate cytotoxicity and other less-defined activities. The substrate and mechanism of action of many granzymes are unknown, although they diverge among the family members. In this study, we show that mouse CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) express a unique array of granzymes relative to CD8 T cells outside the tumor microenvironment in multiple tumor models. Granzyme F was one of the most highly upregulated genes in TILs and was exclusively detected in PD1/TIM3 double-positive CD8 TILs. To determine the function of granzyme F and to improve the cytotoxic response to leukemia, we constructed chimeric Ag receptor T cells to overexpress a single granzyme, granzyme F or the better-characterized granzyme A or B. Using these doubly recombinant T cells, we demonstrated that granzyme F expression improved T cell-mediated cytotoxicity against target leukemia cells and induced a form of cell death other than chimeric Ag receptor T cells expressing only endogenous granzymes or exogenous granzyme A or B. However, increasing expression of granzyme F also had a detrimental impact on the viability of the host T cells, decreasing their persistence in circulation in vivo. These results suggest a unique role for granzyme F as a marker of terminally differentiated CD8 T cells with increased cytotoxicity, but also increased self-directed cytotoxicity, suggesting a potential mechanism for the end of the terminal exhaustion pathway.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Mice ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; Granzymes ; Leukemia/metabolism ; Receptors, Chimeric Antigen/metabolism ; Tumor Microenvironment ; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic
    Chemical Substances Granzymes (EC 3.4.21.-) ; Receptors, Chimeric Antigen ; Gzmf protein, mouse (EC 3.4.21.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3056-9
    ISSN 1550-6606 ; 0022-1767 ; 1048-3233 ; 1047-7381
    ISSN (online) 1550-6606
    ISSN 0022-1767 ; 1048-3233 ; 1047-7381
    DOI 10.4049/jimmunol.2300334
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Natural History of Opioid Use in Naive and Tolerant Patients in Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty.

    Lum, Zachary C / O'Connor, Daniel T / Holland, Christopher T / Gharib-Parsa, Arta / Barragan-Trejo, Analucia / Park, Jeannie Y / Giordani, Mauro / Meehan, John P

    Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews

    2024  Volume 8, Issue 4

    Abstract: Background: Opioid use after revision total hip arthroplasty (rTHA) has not been well characterized. The purpose of this study was to characterize preoperative, perioperative, and postoperative opioid use during rTHA.: Methods: Patients undergoing ... ...

    Abstract Background: Opioid use after revision total hip arthroplasty (rTHA) has not been well characterized. The purpose of this study was to characterize preoperative, perioperative, and postoperative opioid use during rTHA.
    Methods: Patients undergoing revision THA from 2010 to 2018 were screened for opioid use 3 months before revision surgery and tracked 24 months postoperatively. Patients were categorized as naïve or tolerant. Opioid prescriptions and average morphine milligram equivalents (MME) were compared between the two groups.
    Results: One hundred twenty-four of 247 patients (50%) in the tolerant group averaged a preoperative MME of 23.7 mg/day. Postoperatively, tolerant patients received significantly higher daily MME at all time points, including at 3 months 31.4 versus 18.1 mg/day (P < 0.001), 6 months 19.9 versus 2.95 mg/day (P < 0.001), 12 months 14.3 versus 3.5 mg/day (P < 0.001), and 24 months 10.7 versus 2.17 mg/day (P < 0.001). Tolerant patients were more likely to have a prescription at 6 months (44% versus 22%), 12 months (41.4% versus 24%), and 24 months (38% versus 19.3%) (P < 0.001, P = 0.002, P < 0.001, respectively).
    Discussion: Opioid-tolerant patients had higher postoperative MME requirements for longer recovery duration. Both groups reduced opioid use at 3 months and plateaued at 6 months. These findings can help the revision surgeon counsel patients and expectations.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use ; Male ; Female ; Reoperation ; Pain, Postoperative/drug therapy ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Drug Tolerance ; Retrospective Studies
    Chemical Substances Analgesics, Opioid
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2898328-2
    ISSN 2474-7661 ; 1067-151X
    ISSN (online) 2474-7661
    ISSN 1067-151X
    DOI e23.00165
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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