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Article: Human Orf with Immune-Mediated Reactions: A Systematic Review.

Rossi, Luca / Tiecco, Giorgio / Venturini, Marina / Castelli, Francesco / Quiros-Roldan, Eugenia

2023 Volume 11, Issue 5

Abstract: Background: ...

Abstract	Background:
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-27
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2720891-6
ISSN	2076-2607
ISSN	2076-2607
DOI	10.3390/microorganisms11051138
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Article ; Online: Autoantibodies to Interferons in Infectious Diseases.

Quiros-Roldan, Eugenia / Sottini, Alessandra / Signorini, Simona Giulia / Serana, Federico / Tiecco, Giorgio / Imberti, Luisa

Viruses

2023 Volume 15, Issue 5

Abstract: Anti-cytokine autoantibodies and, in particular, anti-type I interferons are increasingly described in association with immunodeficient, autoimmune, and immune-dysregulated conditions. Their presence in otherwise healthy individuals may result in a ... ...

Abstract	Anti-cytokine autoantibodies and, in particular, anti-type I interferons are increasingly described in association with immunodeficient, autoimmune, and immune-dysregulated conditions. Their presence in otherwise healthy individuals may result in a phenotype characterized by a predisposition to infections with several agents. For instance, anti-type I interferon autoantibodies are implicated in Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) pathogenesis and found preferentially in patients with critical disease. However, autoantibodies were also described in the serum of patients with viral, bacterial, and fungal infections not associated with COVID-19. In this review, we provide an overview of anti-cytokine autoantibodies identified to date and their clinical associations; we also discuss whether they can act as enemies or friends, i.e., are capable of acting in a beneficial or harmful way, and if they may be linked to gender or immunosenescence. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the production of autoantibodies could improve the approach to treating some infections, focusing not only on pathogens, but also on the possibility of a low degree of autoimmunity in patients.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Autoantibodies ; Interferons ; Autoimmune Diseases ; COVID-19 ; Cytokines ; Interferon Type I ; Communicable Diseases
Chemical Substances	Autoantibodies ; Interferons (9008-11-1) ; Cytokines ; Interferon Type I
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-22
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
ISSN (online)	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v15051215
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Article ; Online: Finger nodules with a papulovesicular hands and feet eruption: a complicated human Orf virus infection.

Salvi, Martina / Tiecco, Giorgio / Rossi, Luca / Venturini, Marina / Battocchio, Simonetta / Castelli, Francesco / Quiros-Roldan, Eugenia

BMC infectious diseases

2024 Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 95

Abstract: Background: Orf virus (ORFV) is the pathogen responsible for Orf, a zoonotic viral infection that can be spread to humans from sheep and goats. Here, we present a case of human Orf complicated by an immune-related reaction, to raise awareness of this ... ...

Abstract	Background: Orf virus (ORFV) is the pathogen responsible for Orf, a zoonotic viral infection that can be spread to humans from sheep and goats. Here, we present a case of human Orf complicated by an immune-related reaction, to raise awareness of this under-recognized disease avoiding unnecessary investigations and overtreatment. Case report: A 51-year-old woman with no previous medical history presented with a one-week history of three asymptomatic swelling nodules with a grey necrotic center and red outer halo on her index finger. At physical examination there was also a pruritic papulovesicular eruption on her hands and feet. She reported a recent contact with a goat which had a similar nodular lesion in its mouth. A biopsy of the lesions was performed and a diagnosis of Orf complicated by widespread erythema multiforme was made based on the clinical and histopathological features. The lesions spontaneously resolved within the next 2 weeks. Conclusions: Orf is not very prevalent in our region, so we performed a biopsy of the lesion to guide us toward a diagnosis. However, we should remember that the diagnosis of ecthyma relies on clinical evaluation and epidemiological criteria.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Animals ; Sheep ; Middle Aged ; Ecthyma, Contagious/diagnosis ; Ecthyma, Contagious/pathology ; Orf virus ; Erythema Multiforme/complications ; Exanthema/complications ; Goats
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2041550-3
ISSN	1471-2334 ; 1471-2334
ISSN (online)	1471-2334
ISSN	1471-2334
DOI	10.1186/s12879-024-08998-7
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Article ; Online: Immunogenicity and safety of live attenuated and recombinant/inactivated varicella zoster vaccines in people living with HIV: A systematic review.

Carta, Valentina / Mangeri, Lucia / Tiecco, Giorgio / Focà, Emanuele / Quiros-Roldan, Eugenia / Antonia De Francesco, Maria

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

2024 Volume 20, Issue 1, Page(s) 2341456

Abstract: Few papers focus their attention on VZV vaccination effectiveness among people living with HIV (PLWH). Flanking the live attenuated vaccine (VZL) available, a newly recombinant vaccine (RZV) was recently introduced and approved for HZ prevention among ... ...

Abstract	Few papers focus their attention on VZV vaccination effectiveness among people living with HIV (PLWH). Flanking the live attenuated vaccine (VZL) available, a newly recombinant vaccine (RZV) was recently introduced and approved for HZ prevention among adults. PLWH represents a population on which a particular attention should be applied, in order to guarantee the vaccine efficacy and safety. We performed a literature search in USNLM, PubMed, PubMed Central, PMC and Cochrane Library. From all the publications found eligible, data were extracted and processed per population, vaccine type, immunogenicity and ADRs. The review of the 13 included studies shows that both RZV and VZL are immunogenic and have an acceptable safety profile in adults and children living with HIV. However, given the lack of research available about vaccine efficacy in preventing VZV and HZ in PLWH, additional studies need to be performed, in order to achieve a full completeness of data.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Vaccines, Attenuated/immunology ; Vaccines, Attenuated/adverse effects ; Vaccines, Attenuated/administration & dosage ; HIV Infections/immunology ; HIV Infections/prevention & control ; Herpes Zoster Vaccine/immunology ; Herpes Zoster Vaccine/adverse effects ; Herpes Zoster Vaccine/administration & dosage ; Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology ; Vaccines, Synthetic/adverse effects ; Vaccines, Synthetic/administration & dosage ; Herpes Zoster/prevention & control ; Herpes Zoster/immunology ; Vaccines, Inactivated/immunology ; Vaccines, Inactivated/adverse effects ; Vaccines, Inactivated/administration & dosage ; Immunogenicity, Vaccine ; Vaccine Efficacy ; Herpesvirus 3, Human/immunology ; Adult ; Child ; Vaccination ; Chickenpox Vaccine/immunology ; Chickenpox Vaccine/administration & dosage ; Chickenpox Vaccine/adverse effects
Chemical Substances	Vaccines, Attenuated ; Herpes Zoster Vaccine ; Vaccines, Synthetic ; Vaccines, Inactivated ; Chickenpox Vaccine
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Systematic Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2664176-8
ISSN	2164-554X ; 2164-5515
ISSN (online)	2164-554X
ISSN	2164-5515
DOI	10.1080/21645515.2024.2341456
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Article ; Online: Emergence of Pandemic Clonal Lineage Sequence Types 131 and 69 of Extraintestinal Escherichia coli as a Cause of Meningitis: Is It Time To Revise Molecular Assays?

De Francesco, Maria Antonia / Bertelli, Anna / Corbellini, Silvia / Scaltriti, Erika / Risso, Francesco / Allegri, Roberto / Tiecco, Giorgio / Castelli, Francesco / Caruso, Arnaldo

Microbiology spectrum

2023 , Page(s) e0327422

Abstract: Two Escherichia coli strains, respectively responsible for neonatal and adult meningitis, were isolated and their phenotypic antibiotic susceptibility and genomic features characterized by whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Multiplex real-time PCR targeting ... ...

Abstract	Two Escherichia coli strains, respectively responsible for neonatal and adult meningitis, were isolated and their phenotypic antibiotic susceptibility and genomic features characterized by whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Multiplex real-time PCR targeting the principal microorganisms involved in meningitis etiology failed to identify either isolate. Afterwards, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry was used to identify the isolates as E. coli strains. Genomic analysis showed that they belonged to sequence types 131 and 69 (ST131 and ST69). Neither of the isolates harbored the K1 capsular antigen or belonged to other capsular serotypes, but they shared different virulence factors, including
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2807133-5
ISSN	2165-0497 ; 2165-0497
ISSN (online)	2165-0497
ISSN	2165-0497
DOI	10.1128/spectrum.03274-22
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Article ; Online: Comparison of Efavirenz and Doravirine Developmental Toxicity in an Embryo Animal Model.

Zizioli, Daniela / Ferretti, Sara / Tiecco, Giorgio / Mignani, Luca / Monti, Eugenio / Castelli, Francesco / Quiros-Roldan, Eugenia / Zanella, Isabella

International journal of molecular sciences

2023 Volume 24, Issue 14

Abstract: In the past, one of the most widely used non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) in first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) of HIV infection was efavirenz (EFV), which is already used as a cost-effective treatment in developing countries ... ...

Abstract	In the past, one of the most widely used non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) in first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) of HIV infection was efavirenz (EFV), which is already used as a cost-effective treatment in developing countries due to its efficacy, tolerability, and availability. However, EFV also demonstrates several adverse effects, like hepatotoxicity, altered lipid profile, neuropsychological symptoms, and behavioral effects in children after in utero exposure. In 2018, another NNRTI, doravirine (DOR), was approved due to its similar efficacy but better safety profile. Preclinical safety studies demonstrated that DOR is not genotoxic and exhibits no developmental toxicity or effects on fertility in rats. Zebrafish (
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Child ; Animals ; Rats ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; Anti-HIV Agents/pharmacology ; Zebrafish ; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors/toxicity ; Lipids/pharmacology ; Embryo, Nonmammalian
Chemical Substances	Anti-HIV Agents ; efavirenz (JE6H2O27P8) ; doravirine (913P6LK81M) ; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors ; Lipids
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-19
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms241411664
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Article ; Online: Pneumocystis jirovecii

Castelnuovo, Filippo / Tiecco, Giorgio / Storti, Samuele / Fumarola, Benedetta / Brianese, Nigritella / Bertelli, Davide / Castelli, Francesco

Le infezioni in medicina

2021 Volume 29, Issue 4, Page(s) 614–617

Abstract: Pneumocystis ... ...

Abstract	Pneumocystis jirovecii
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-10
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2041081-5
ISSN	2532-8689 ; 1124-9390
ISSN (online)	2532-8689
ISSN	1124-9390
DOI	10.53854/liim-2904-16
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Article ; Online: Omicron Genetic and Clinical Peculiarities That May Overturn SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: A Literature Review.

Tiecco, Giorgio / Storti, Samuele / Degli Antoni, Melania / Focà, Emanuele / Castelli, Francesco / Quiros-Roldan, Eugenia

International journal of molecular sciences

2022 Volume 23, Issue 4

Abstract: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic poses a great threat to global public health. The original wild-type strain of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has genetically evolved, and several variants of concern (VOC) ... ...

Abstract	The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic poses a great threat to global public health. The original wild-type strain of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has genetically evolved, and several variants of concern (VOC) have emerged. On 26 November 2021, a new variant named Omicron (B.1.1.529) was designated as the fifth VOC, revealing that SARS-CoV-2 has the potential to go beyond the available therapies. The high number of mutations harboured on the spike protein make Omicron highly transmissible, less responsive to several of the currently used drugs, as well as potentially able to escape immune protection elicited by both vaccines and previous infection. We reviewed the latest publication and the most recent available literature on the Omicron variant, enlightening both reasons for concern and high hopes for new therapeutic strategies.
MeSH term(s)	Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/transmission ; COVID-19/virology ; Humans ; Immune Evasion ; Mutation ; Pandemics ; Phylogeny ; SARS-CoV-2/classification ; SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification ; SARS-CoV-2/pathogenicity ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/genetics ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/metabolism ; COVID-19 Drug Treatment
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antiviral Agents ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-11
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms23041987
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Article: Dalbavancin in Bone and Joint Infections: A Systematic Review.

Lovatti, Sofia / Tiecco, Giorgio / Mulé, Alice / Rossi, Luca / Sforza, Anita / Salvi, Martina / Signorini, Liana / Castelli, Francesco / Quiros-Roldan, Eugenia

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 16, Issue 7

Abstract: Background: Approved for acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections, dalbavancin (DBV) has gradually acquired over the years a role as an off-label treatment for several infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria even in other anatomical sites. ...

Abstract	Background: Approved for acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections, dalbavancin (DBV) has gradually acquired over the years a role as an off-label treatment for several infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria even in other anatomical sites. Osteoarticular (OA) infections are one of the most difficult-to-treat infections and, since the absence of recommendations, clinicians use different and heterogenic DBV dosing schedule regimens for the off-label treatment of osteomyelitis, spondylodiscitis, and septic arthritis. Our aim is to systematically review the current literature to describe DBV administration schedules and their outcome in OA infections. Methods: According to the 2020 updated PRISMA guidelines, all peer-reviewed articles regarding the use of DBV in OA infections were included. We conducted a literature search on PubMed and Cochrane Controlled Trials. Results: A total of 23 studies and 450 patients were included, prevalently male (144/195, 73.8%) and diabetic (53/163, 32.5%). Overall, 280 (280/388, 72.2%) osteomyelitis, 79 (79/388, 20.4%) spondylodiscitis, and 29 (29/388, 7.5%) septic arthritis were considered. Conclusions: DBV has shown to be effective as a treatment for OA infections. The most favourable outcome was found in patients receiving three doses of DBV and with an adequate surgical management prior to antibiotic treatment. Although a rigorous administration schedule does not exist, DBV is a viable treatment option in the management of OA infections.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-15
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2193542-7
ISSN	1424-8247
ISSN	1424-8247
DOI	10.3390/ph16071005
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Article ; Online: Case report: An occult hepatitis B virus infection reactivation in an HIV/HCV coinfected patient during an immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome.

Zaltron, Serena / Cambianica, Anna / Di Gregorio, Marco / Colangelo, Cosimo / Storti, Samuele / Tiecco, Giorgio / Castelli, Francesco / Quiros-Roldan, Eugenia

Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology

2023 Volume 13, Page(s) 1143346

Abstract: The natural history of occult hepatitis B virus infection (OBI) and the mechanism involved in HBV reactivation are only partially understood. As regards people living with HIV (PLWH), HBV reactivation is estimated to occur with an incidence ratio of 0 ... ...

Abstract	The natural history of occult hepatitis B virus infection (OBI) and the mechanism involved in HBV reactivation are only partially understood. As regards people living with HIV (PLWH), HBV reactivation is estimated to occur with an incidence ratio of 0.019 cases per 100 person-year. Here we report the case of OBI reactivation in a HIV/HCV co-infected patient followed for 25 years at our Infectious Diseases Unit, but, unfortunately, lost to follow-up about 19 months after Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) treatment. At re-engagement, blood tests showed high replication of plasmatic HIV-RNA along with severe immunosuppression and normal levels of liver enzymes. However, 3 months after ART reintroduction, an immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) was diagnosed with high detectable HBV-DNA load and transaminase elevation. Our case report shows how the balance between the virus and the host immune system is quite a dynamic process that might significantly impact the course of the disease. The aim of this case report is to bring to the attention of physicians that, although OBI reactivation is a rather rare occurrence, even amongst PLWH, its potential consequences compel to a high alertness on the matter. Therefore, especially in patients with an impaired immune system and on a tenofovir or lamivudine-sparing regimen, HBV serological and virological markers should always be strictly monitored, even in the absence of a hepatitis flare.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Hepatitis B virus/physiology ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Coinfection/drug therapy ; Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome/diagnosis ; Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome/drug therapy ; HIV Infections/complications ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; Symptom Flare Up ; Hepatitis C, Chronic/drug therapy ; Hepatitis B/complications ; Hepatitis B/diagnosis ; Hepatitis B/drug therapy ; DNA, Viral/genetics
Chemical Substances	Antiviral Agents ; DNA, Viral
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-14
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2619676-1
ISSN	2235-2988 ; 2235-2988
ISSN (online)	2235-2988
ISSN	2235-2988
DOI	10.3389/fcimb.2023.1143346
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