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Article ; Online: Embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes: Post-treatment maturation and implications for future therapy.

Gualano, Francesca M / Hassoun, Patrice / Carter, Claire L / Hanson, Derek

Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.)

2023 Volume 6, Issue 5, Page(s) e1812

Abstract: Background: Embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes (ETMR) is a deadly grade IV pediatric brain tumor. Despite an intensive multimodal treatment approach that includes surgical resection, high-dose chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, the progression-free ...

Abstract	Background: Embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes (ETMR) is a deadly grade IV pediatric brain tumor. Despite an intensive multimodal treatment approach that includes surgical resection, high-dose chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, the progression-free survival at 5 years is less than 30%. Case: We report a case of long-term survival in a 5-month old female with a large mass in the posterior fossa, diagnosed as ETMR, which subsequently underwent treatment-induced maturation. Prior to chemotherapy, histopathology revealed an abundance of highly proliferative, undifferentiated cells and multilayered rosette structures. Conversely, post-treatment histopathology revealed cell populations that differentiated into neuronal and ganglionic phenotypes. At 5-year follow-up, the patient remains progression-free. Conclusion: This finding contributes to the few reports to date of post-treatment differentiation/maturation of ETMR cell populations, with an implication for less cytotoxic therapeutic interventions aimed at differentiation.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Central Nervous System Neoplasms ; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal/therapy ; Brain Neoplasms/pathology ; Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive/genetics ; Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive/pathology ; Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive/therapy
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2573-8348
ISSN (online)	2573-8348
DOI	10.1002/cnr2.1812
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Article: Development of a Screencast-Based Flipped Classroom to Enrich Learning and Reduce Faculty Time Requirements in an Animal Welfare Master's Degree.

Knight, Andrew / Mace, Jenny L / O'Brien, Claire / Carter, Alex

Journal of veterinary medical education

2022 Volume 50, Issue 1, Page(s) 19–26

Abstract: A new distance learning Master of Science (MSc) degree in Animal Welfare Science, Ethics and Law was established in 2016 within the Centre for Animal Welfare at the University of Winchester, UK. Our program recruited students worldwide, with enrollments ... ...

Abstract	A new distance learning Master of Science (MSc) degree in Animal Welfare Science, Ethics and Law was established in 2016 within the Centre for Animal Welfare at the University of Winchester, UK. Our program recruited students worldwide, with enrollments increasing dramatically since its inception in 2016. However, despite rapid growth, our MSc has had only one full-time equivalent faculty member. With further projected sharp increases in student numbers, significant programmatic change was required for the MSc to remain viable. After consultation with our students and program team, we decided to transition to a flipped classroom teaching model. Piloting a screencast-based flipped classroom in one course, our objectives were to provide a more enriched, engaging, and effective student learning experience and to increase student satisfaction while concurrently saving staff time in future years. We aimed to provide a series of enriched screencast videos of short (∼20-minute) durations, with contents clearly signposted. The new teaching model was well received. Within our 2021 program survey, 100% of respondents expressed a wish to see our screencast-based flipped classroom approach continued, and 71%-86% wished to see it implemented in various additional courses. This model has greatly enriched students' learning experiences, increasing student engagement and satisfaction while also freeing staff time to engage in discussion fora and additional live sessions. Learning and achievement outcomes also appear positive. We plan to steadily integrate this model across additional courses, although initial time investment will be significant. Hence, this new model will be implemented over several semesters.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; Problem-Based Learning ; Education, Veterinary ; Learning ; Curriculum ; Faculty
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-25
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	0748-321X
ISSN	0748-321X
DOI	10.3138/jvme-2021-0117
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Article: Circulating Exosome Cargoes Contain Functionally Diverse Cancer Biomarkers: From Biogenesis and Function to Purification and Potential Translational Utility.

Mitchell, Megan I / Ma, Junfeng / Carter, Claire L / Loudig, Olivier

Cancers

2022 Volume 14, Issue 14

Abstract: Although diagnostic and therapeutic treatments of cancer have tremendously improved over the past two decades, the indolent nature of its symptoms has made early detection challenging. Thus, inter-disciplinary (genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and ... ...

Abstract	Although diagnostic and therapeutic treatments of cancer have tremendously improved over the past two decades, the indolent nature of its symptoms has made early detection challenging. Thus, inter-disciplinary (genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and lipidomic) research efforts have been focused on the non-invasive identification of unique "silver bullet" cancer biomarkers for the design of ultra-sensitive molecular diagnostic assays. Circulating tumor biomarkers, such as CTCs and ctDNAs, which are released by tumors in the circulation, have already demonstrated their clinical utility for the non-invasive detection of certain solid tumors. Considering that exosomes are actively produced by all cells, including tumor cells, and can be found in the circulation, they have been extensively assessed for their potential as a source of circulating cell-specific biomarkers. Exosomes are particularly appealing because they represent a stable and encapsulated reservoir of active biological compounds that may be useful for the non-invasive detection of cancer. T biogenesis of these extracellular vesicles is profoundly altered during carcinogenesis, but because they harbor unique or uniquely combined surface proteins, cancer biomarker studies have been focused on their purification from biofluids, for the analysis of their RNA, DNA, protein, and lipid cargoes. In this review, we evaluate the biogenesis of normal and cancer exosomes, provide extensive information on the state of the art, the current purification methods, and the technologies employed for genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and lipidomic evaluation of their cargoes. Our thorough examination of the literature highlights the current limitations and promising future of exosomes as a liquid biopsy for the identification of circulating tumor biomarkers.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-10
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2527080-1
ISSN	2072-6694
ISSN	2072-6694
DOI	10.3390/cancers14143350
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Article ; Online: An optimized method for the detection and spatial distribution of aminoglycoside and vancomycin antibiotics in tissue sections by mass spectrometry imaging.

Wang, Ning / Dartois, Véronique / Carter, Claire L

Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS

2021 Volume 56, Issue 3, Page(s) e4708

Abstract: Suboptimal antibiotic dosing has been identified as one of the key drivers in the development of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria that have become a global health concern. Aminoglycosides and vancomycin are broad-spectrum antibiotics used to treat ... ...

Abstract	Suboptimal antibiotic dosing has been identified as one of the key drivers in the development of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria that have become a global health concern. Aminoglycosides and vancomycin are broad-spectrum antibiotics used to treat critically ill patients infected by a variety of MDR bacterial species. Resistance to these antibiotics is becoming more prevalent. In order to design proper antibiotic regimens that maximize efficacy and minimize the development of resistance, it is pivotal to obtain the in situ pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic profiles at the sites of infection. Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is the ideal technique to achieve this. Aminoglycosides, due to their structure, suffer from poor ionization efficiency. Additionally, ion suppression effects by endogenous molecules greatly inhibit the detection of aminoglycosides and vancomycin at therapeutic levels. In the current study, an optimized method was developed that enabled the detection of these antibiotics by MSI. Tissue spotting experiments demonstrated a 5-, 15-, 35-, and 54-fold increase in detection sensitivity in the washed samples for kanamycin, amikacin, streptomycin, and vancomycin, respectively. Tissue mimetic models were utilized to optimize the washing time and matrix additive concentration. These studies determined the improved limit of detection was 40 to 5 μg/g of tissue for vancomycin and streptomycin, and 40 to 10 μg/g of tissue for kanamycin and amikacin. The optimized protocol was applied to lung sections from mice dosed with therapeutic levels of kanamycin and vancomycin. The washing protocol enabled the first drug distribution investigations of aminoglycosides and vancomycin by MSI, paving the way for site-of-disease antibiotic penetration studies.
MeSH term(s)	Aminoglycosides/analysis ; Aminoglycosides/pharmacokinetics ; Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/analysis ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacokinetics ; Female ; Mice ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization/methods ; Tissue Distribution ; Vancomycin/analysis ; Vancomycin/pharmacokinetics
Chemical Substances	Aminoglycosides ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Vancomycin (6Q205EH1VU)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1221763-3
ISSN	1096-9888 ; 1076-5174
ISSN (online)	1096-9888
ISSN	1076-5174
DOI	10.1002/jms.4708
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Zs.A 4254: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 220: Show issues

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Article: Dendritic Cell - Fibroblast Crosstalk via TLR9 and AHR Signaling Drives Lung Fibrogenesis.

Carter, Hannah / Costa, Rita Medina / Adams, Taylor S / Gilchrist, Talon / Emch, Claire E / Bame, Monica / Oldham, Justin M / Linderholm, Angela L / Noth, Imre / Kaminski, Naftali / Moore, Bethany B / Gurczynski, Stephen J

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

2024

Abstract: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by progressive scarring and loss of lung function. With limited treatment options, patients succumb to the disease within 2-5 years. The molecular pathogenesis of IPF regarding the immunologic changes ... ...

Abstract	Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by progressive scarring and loss of lung function. With limited treatment options, patients succumb to the disease within 2-5 years. The molecular pathogenesis of IPF regarding the immunologic changes that occur is poorly understood. We characterize a role for non-canonical aryl-hydrocarbon receptor signaling (ncAHR) in dendritic cells (DCs) that leads to production of IL-6 and IL-17, promoting fibrosis. TLR9 signaling in myofibroblasts is shown to regulate production of TDO2 which converts tryptophan into the endogenous AHR ligand kynurenine. Mice with augmented ncAHR signaling were created by crossing floxed AHR exon-2 deletion mice (AHR
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.1101/2024.03.15.584457
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Article ; Online: Benchmark dose profiles for bivariate exposures.

Akkaya Hocagil, Tugba / Ryan, Louise M / Cook, Richard J / Dang, Khue-Dung / Carter, R Colin / Richardson, Gale A / Day, Nancy L / Coles, Claire D / Carmichael Olson, Heather / Jacobson, Sandra W / Jacobson, Joseph L

Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis

2024

Abstract: While benchmark dose (BMD) methodology is well-established for settings with a single exposure, these methods cannot easily handle multidimensional exposures with nonlinear effects. We propose a framework for BMD analysis to characterize the joint effect ...

Abstract	While benchmark dose (BMD) methodology is well-established for settings with a single exposure, these methods cannot easily handle multidimensional exposures with nonlinear effects. We propose a framework for BMD analysis to characterize the joint effect of a two-dimensional exposure on a continuous outcome using a generalized additive model while adjusting for potential confounders via propensity scores. This leads to a dose-response surface which can be summarized in two dimensions by a contour plot in which combinations of exposures leading to the same expected effect are identified. In our motivating study of prenatal alcohol exposure, cognitive deficits in children are found to be associated with both the frequency of drinking as well as the amount of alcohol consumed on each drinking day during pregnancy. The general methodological framework is useful for a broad range of settings, including combinations of environmental stressors, such as chemical mixtures, and in explorations of the impact of dose rate rather than simply cumulative exposure on adverse outcomes.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	778660-8
ISSN	1539-6924 ; 0272-4332
ISSN (online)	1539-6924
ISSN	0272-4332
DOI	10.1111/risa.14303
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Zs.A 1900: Show issues

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Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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Article ; Online: Swimming Lessons for Children With Autism: Parent and Teacher Experiences.

Carter, Bronwyn Claire / Koch, Lyndsay

OTJR : occupation, participation and health

2022 Volume 43, Issue 2, Page(s) 245–254

Abstract: The occupation of swimming for children with autism is an unexplored field of research in the South African context. This study explores the experiences of swimming teachers and parents of children with autism in the context of swimming lessons. Semi- ... ...

Abstract	The occupation of swimming for children with autism is an unexplored field of research in the South African context. This study explores the experiences of swimming teachers and parents of children with autism in the context of swimming lessons. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were utilized with a qualitative, descriptive-phenomenological design. Data analysis utilized Colaizzis's seven-step method. Parents first sought swimming lessons for their children as a survival skill. Although facing barriers to accessing this service, parents experienced swimming as a meaningful occupation with unexpected benefits. Swimming teachers also derived meaning from providing lessons, despite a lack of knowledge. They expressed a need for greater support and training. Swimming is a meaningful occupation for children with autism and their families, but swimming teachers in South Africa are not always equipped to provide this service. Occupational therapists could play a variety of roles in supporting participation for all stakeholders.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Child ; Autistic Disorder ; Swimming ; Parents ; Autism Spectrum Disorder
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2081243-7
ISSN	1938-2383 ; 1539-4492 ; 0276-1599
ISSN (online)	1938-2383
ISSN	1539-4492 ; 0276-1599
DOI	10.1177/15394492221143048
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Zs.A 1917: Show issues

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Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
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Article: Genomic Insights Into Last-Line Antimicrobial Resistance in Multidrug-Resistant

Turner, Adrianna M / Lee, Jean Y H / Gorrie, Claire L / Howden, Benjamin P / Carter, Glen P

Frontiers in microbiology

2021 Volume 12, Page(s) 637656

Abstract: Multidrug- ... ...

Abstract	Multidrug-resistant
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-16
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2587354-4
ISSN	1664-302X
ISSN	1664-302X
DOI	10.3389/fmicb.2021.637656
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Article ; Online: Investigating the Effectiveness of Very Low-Calorie Diets and Low-Fat Vegan Diets on Weight and Glycemic Markers in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Kashyap, Anjali / Mackay, Alexander / Carter, Ben / Fyfe, Claire L / Johnstone, Alexandra M / Myint, Phyo K

Nutrients

2022 Volume 14, Issue 22

Abstract: ... difference (MD) -1.51 mmol/L (95% CI -2.89, -0.13; ...

Abstract	Caloric restriction and vegan diets have demonstrated protective effects for diabetes, however their role in improving clinically relevant outcomes has not been summarized. Our aim was to evaluate the evidence for low-calorie diets (VLCD) and vegan diets on weight and glycemic control in the management of patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Database searches were conducted using Cochrane Library, MEDLINE (Ovid) and Embase. Systematic Review Registration: CRD42022310299. Methodological quality of studies was assessed using Cochrane RoB Tool for RCTs, Cochrane ROBINS-I RoB Tool for non-RCTs and NIH Quality Assessment tool for other studies. Sixteen studies with a total of 834 individuals were included and assessed to have a moderate to high risk of bias. Statistically significant changes in weight, BMI, and HbA1c were not observed in vegan diet cohorts. However, LDL cholesterol was significantly decreased by vegan diet. VLCDs significantly improved glycaemic control, with reductions in fasting glucose, pooled mean difference (MD) -1.51 mmol/L (95% CI -2.89, -0.13;
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Diet, Vegan ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Glycated Hemoglobin A ; Caloric Restriction ; Blood Glucose ; Diet, Fat-Restricted ; Biomarkers
Chemical Substances	Glycated Hemoglobin A ; Blood Glucose ; Biomarkers
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
ISSN (online)	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu14224870
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Article ; Online: A dose-response analysis of the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on cognitive development.

Jacobson, Joseph L / Akkaya-Hocagil, Tugba / Jacobson, Sandra W / Coles, Claire D / Richardson, Gale A / Olson, Heather Carmichael / Day, Nancy L / Carter, R Colin / Dodge, Neil C / Dang, Khue-Dung / Cook, Richard J / Ryan, Louise M

Alcohol, clinical & experimental research

2024 Volume 48, Issue 4, Page(s) 623–639

Abstract: Background: Most studies of the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) on cognitive function have assumed that the dose-response curve is linear. However, data from a few animal and human studies suggest that there may be an inflection point in the ... ...

Abstract	Background: Most studies of the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) on cognitive function have assumed that the dose-response curve is linear. However, data from a few animal and human studies suggest that there may be an inflection point in the dose-response curve above which PAE effects are markedly stronger and that there may be differences associated with pattern of exposure, assessed in terms of alcohol dose per drinking occasion and drinking frequency. Methods: We performed second-order confirmatory factor analysis on data obtained at school age, adolescence, and early adulthood from 2227 participants in six US longitudinal cohorts to derive a composite measure of cognitive function. Regression models were constructed to examine effects of PAE on cognitive function, adjusted for propensity scores. Analyses based on a single predictor (absolute alcohol (AA)/day) were compared with analyses based on two predictors (dose/occasion and drinking frequency), using (1) linear models and (2) nonparametric general additive models (GAM) that allow for both linear and nonlinear effects. Results: The single-predictor GAM model showed virtually no nonlinearity in the effect of AA/day on cognitive function. However, the two-predictor GAM model revealed differential effects of maternal drinking pattern. Among offspring of infrequent drinkers, PAE effects on cognitive function were markedly stronger in those whose mothers drank more than ~3 drinks/occasion, and the effect of dose/occasion was strongest among the very frequent drinkers. Frequency of drinking did not appear to alter the PAE effect on cognitive function among participants born to mothers who limited their drinking to ~1 drink/occasion or less. Conclusions: These findings suggest that linear models based on total AA/day are appropriate for assessing whether PAE affects a given cognitive outcome. However, examination of alcohol dose/occasion and drinking frequency is needed to fully characterize the impact of different levels of alcohol intake on cognitive impairment.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2993-7175
ISSN (online)	2993-7175
DOI	10.1111/acer.15283
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