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  1. Article: A New Spin on Neural Processing: Quantum Cognition.

    Weingarten, Carol P / Doraiswamy, P Murali / Fisher, Matthew P A

    Frontiers in human neuroscience

    2016  Volume 10, Page(s) 541

    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-10-26
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2425477-0
    ISSN 1662-5161
    ISSN 1662-5161
    DOI 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00541
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  2. Article ; Online: Neuroimaging for psychotherapy research: current trends.

    Weingarten, Carol P / Strauman, Timothy J

    Psychotherapy research : journal of the Society for Psychotherapy Research

    2014  Volume 25, Issue 2, Page(s) 185–213

    Abstract: Objective: This article reviews neuroimaging studies that inform psychotherapy research. An introduction to neuroimaging methods is provided as background for the increasingly sophisticated breadth of methods and findings appearing in psychotherapy ... ...

    Abstract Objective: This article reviews neuroimaging studies that inform psychotherapy research. An introduction to neuroimaging methods is provided as background for the increasingly sophisticated breadth of methods and findings appearing in psychotherapy research.
    Method: We compiled and assessed a comprehensive list of neuroimaging studies of psychotherapy outcome, along with selected examples of other types of studies that also are relevant to psychotherapy research. We emphasized magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) since it is the dominant neuroimaging modality in psychological research.
    Results: We summarize findings from neuroimaging studies of psychotherapy outcome, including treatment for depression, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), and schizophrenia.
    Conclusions: The increasing use of neuroimaging methods in the study of psychotherapy continues to refine our understanding of both outcome and process. We suggest possible directions for future neuroimaging studies in psychotherapy research.
    MeSH term(s) Depression/therapy ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Neuroimaging/methods ; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/therapy ; Psychotherapy/methods ; Schizophrenia/therapy ; Treatment Outcome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-02-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1080323-3
    ISSN 1468-4381 ; 1050-3307
    ISSN (online) 1468-4381
    ISSN 1050-3307
    DOI 10.1080/10503307.2014.883088
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Neuroimaging of Parkinson's disease: Expanding views.

    Weingarten, Carol P / Sundman, Mark H / Hickey, Patrick / Chen, Nan-kuei

    Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

    2015  Volume 59, Page(s) 16–52

    Abstract: Advances in molecular and structural and functional neuroimaging are rapidly expanding the complexity of neurobiological understanding of Parkinson's disease (PD). This review article begins with an introduction to PD neurobiology as a foundation for ... ...

    Abstract Advances in molecular and structural and functional neuroimaging are rapidly expanding the complexity of neurobiological understanding of Parkinson's disease (PD). This review article begins with an introduction to PD neurobiology as a foundation for interpreting neuroimaging findings that may further lead to more integrated and comprehensive understanding of PD. Diverse areas of PD neuroimaging are then reviewed and summarized, including positron emission tomography, single photon emission computed tomography, magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging, transcranial sonography, magnetoencephalography, and multimodal imaging, with focus on human studies published over the last five years. These included studies on differential diagnosis, co-morbidity, genetic and prodromal PD, and treatments from L-DOPA to brain stimulation approaches, transplantation and gene therapies. Overall, neuroimaging has shown that PD is a neurodegenerative disorder involving many neurotransmitters, brain regions, structural and functional connections, and neurocognitive systems. A broad neurobiological understanding of PD will be essential for translational efforts to develop better treatments and preventive strategies. Many questions remain and we conclude with some suggestions for future directions of neuroimaging of PD.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Brain/metabolism ; Brain/pathology ; Humans ; Magnetoencephalography/methods ; Nerve Net/pathology ; Neuroimaging/methods ; Neurotransmitter Agents/metabolism ; Parkinson Disease/diagnosis ; Parkinson Disease/pathology ; Parkinson Disease/prevention & control
    Chemical Substances Neurotransmitter Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
    ZDB-ID 282464-4
    ISSN 1873-7528 ; 0149-7634
    ISSN (online) 1873-7528
    ISSN 0149-7634
    DOI 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.09.007
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Alteration of Diffusion-Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measures in Brain Regions Involved in Early Stages of Parkinson's Disease.

    Chen, Nan-Kuei / Chou, Ying-Hui / Sundman, Mark / Hickey, Patrick / Kasoff, Willard S / Bernstein, Adam / Trouard, Theodore P / Lin, Tanya / Rapcsak, Steven Z / Sherman, Scott J / Weingarten, Carol P

    Brain connectivity

    2018  Volume 8, Issue 6, Page(s) 343–349

    Abstract: Many nonmotor symptoms (e.g., hyposmia) appear years before the cardinal motor features of Parkinson's disease (PD). It is thus desirable to be able to use noninvasive brain imaging methods, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), to detect brain ... ...

    Abstract Many nonmotor symptoms (e.g., hyposmia) appear years before the cardinal motor features of Parkinson's disease (PD). It is thus desirable to be able to use noninvasive brain imaging methods, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), to detect brain abnormalities in early PD stages. Among the MRI modalities, diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) is suitable for detecting changes in brain tissue structure due to neurological diseases. The main purpose of this study was to investigate whether DTI signals measured from brain regions involved in early stages of PD differ from those of healthy controls. To answer this question, we analyzed whole-brain DTI data of 30 early-stage PD patients and 30 controls using improved region of interest-based analysis methods. Results showed that (i) the fractional anisotropy (FA) values in the olfactory tract (connected with the olfactory bulb: one of the first structures affected by PD) are lower in PD patients than healthy controls; (ii) FA values are higher in PD patients than healthy controls in the following brain regions: corticospinal tract, cingulum (near hippocampus), and superior longitudinal fasciculus (temporal part). Experimental results suggest that the tissue property, measured by FA, in olfactory regions is structurally modulated by PD with a mechanism that is different from other brain regions.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anisotropy ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Brain Mapping ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parkinson Disease/diagnostic imaging ; Parkinson Disease/pathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-06-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2609017-X
    ISSN 2158-0022 ; 2158-0014
    ISSN (online) 2158-0022
    ISSN 2158-0014
    DOI 10.1089/brain.2017.0558
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  5. Article ; Online: Maintenance and Representation of Mind Wandering during Resting-State fMRI.

    Chou, Ying-Hui / Sundman, Mark / Whitson, Heather E / Gaur, Pooja / Chu, Mei-Lan / Weingarten, Carol P / Madden, David J / Wang, Lihong / Kirste, Imke / Joliot, Marc / Diaz, Michele T / Li, Yi-Ju / Song, Allen W / Chen, Nan-Kuei

    Scientific reports

    2017  Volume 7, Page(s) 40722

    Abstract: Major advances in resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) techniques in the last two decades have provided a tool to better understand the functional organization of the brain both in health and illness. Despite such developments, ... ...

    Abstract Major advances in resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) techniques in the last two decades have provided a tool to better understand the functional organization of the brain both in health and illness. Despite such developments, characterizing regulation and cerebral representation of mind wandering, which occurs unavoidably during resting-state fMRI scans and may induce variability of the acquired data, remains a work in progress. Here, we demonstrate that a decrease or decoupling in functional connectivity involving the caudate nucleus, insula, medial prefrontal cortex and other domain-specific regions was associated with more sustained mind wandering in particular thought domains during resting-state fMRI. Importantly, our findings suggest that temporal and between-subject variations in functional connectivity of above-mentioned regions might be linked with the continuity of mind wandering. Our study not only provides a preliminary framework for characterizing the maintenance and cerebral representation of different types of mind wandering, but also highlights the importance of taking mind wandering into consideration when studying brain organization with resting-state fMRI in the future.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Brain/physiology ; Brain Mapping/methods ; Cerebral Cortex/physiology ; Connectome/methods ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Mental Processes ; Middle Aged ; Rest
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-01-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/srep40722
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  6. Article ; Online: Brain activation during autobiographical relationship episode narratives: a core conflictual relationship theme approach.

    Loughead, James W / Luborsky, Lester / Weingarten, Carol P / Krause, Elizabeth D / German, Ramaris E / Kirk, Daniel / Gur, Ruben C

    Psychotherapy research : journal of the Society for Psychotherapy Research

    2010  Volume 20, Issue 3, Page(s) 321–336

    Abstract: The authors combined the core conflictual relationship theme (CCRT) method and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to identify brain regions involved in recall of autobiographical relationship episodes, a key process in psychotherapy. ... ...

    Abstract The authors combined the core conflictual relationship theme (CCRT) method and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to identify brain regions involved in recall of autobiographical relationship episodes, a key process in psychotherapy. Relationship narratives were obtained from healthy subjects and scored for CCRT relationship themes and emotion. Autobiographical personal and nonautobiographical control narratives were presented in a block-design fMRI experiment. Personal versus control narratives showed activations in anterior cingulate, precuneus, inferior and middle frontal gyri, and inferior parietal lobule. These are regions involved in autobiographical memory, theory of mind, self-referential processing, and emotion. In an exploratory analysis, higher CCRT scores correlated with increased brain activation in the left hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, and middle occipital gyrus. This suggests that brain systems subserving memory processes are more active when recalling relationship episodes with greater CCRT content.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Brain/physiopathology ; Brain Mapping ; Conflict (Psychology) ; Dominance, Cerebral/physiology ; Emotions/physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Image Enhancement ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Interpersonal Relations ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Mental Recall/physiology ; Middle Aged ; Narration ; Oxygen/blood ; Professional-Patient Relations ; Psychoanalytic Therapy ; Self Disclosure ; Transference (Psychology)
    Chemical Substances Oxygen (S88TT14065)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1080323-3
    ISSN 1468-4381 ; 1050-3307
    ISSN (online) 1468-4381
    ISSN 1050-3307
    DOI 10.1080/10503300903470735
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  7. Article ; Online: Clinical practice parameters for hemodynamic support of pediatric and neonatal septic shock: 2007 update from the American College of Critical Care Medicine.

    Brierley, Joe / Carcillo, Joseph A / Choong, Karen / Cornell, Tim / Decaen, Allan / Deymann, Andreas / Doctor, Allan / Davis, Alan / Duff, John / Dugas, Marc-Andre / Duncan, Alan / Evans, Barry / Feldman, Jonathan / Felmet, Kathryn / Fisher, Gene / Frankel, Lorry / Jeffries, Howard / Greenwald, Bruce / Gutierrez, Juan /
    Hall, Mark / Han, Yong Y / Hanson, James / Hazelzet, Jan / Hernan, Lynn / Kiff, Jane / Kissoon, Niranjan / Kon, Alexander / Irazuzta, Jose / Irazusta, Jose / Lin, John / Lorts, Angie / Mariscalco, Michelle / Mehta, Renuka / Nadel, Simon / Nguyen, Trung / Nicholson, Carol / Peters, Mark / Okhuysen-Cawley, Regina / Poulton, Tom / Relves, Monica / Rodriguez, Agustin / Rozenfeld, Ranna / Schnitzler, Eduardo / Shanley, Tom / Kache, Saraswati / Skache, Sara / Skippen, Peter / Torres, Adalberto / von Dessauer, Bettina / Weingarten, Jacki / Yeh, Timothy / Zaritsky, Arno / Stojadinovic, Bonnie / Zimmerman, Jerry / Zuckerberg, Aaron

    Critical care medicine

    2009  Volume 37, Issue 2, Page(s) 666–688

    Abstract: Background: The Institute of Medicine calls for the use of clinical guidelines and practice parameters to promote "best practices" and to improve patient outcomes.: Objective: 2007 update of the 2002 American College of Critical Care Medicine ... ...

    Abstract Background: The Institute of Medicine calls for the use of clinical guidelines and practice parameters to promote "best practices" and to improve patient outcomes.
    Objective: 2007 update of the 2002 American College of Critical Care Medicine Clinical Guidelines for Hemodynamic Support of Neonates and Children with Septic Shock.
    Participants: Society of Critical Care Medicine members with special interest in neonatal and pediatric septic shock were identified from general solicitation at the Society of Critical Care Medicine Educational and Scientific Symposia (2001-2006).
    Methods: The Pubmed/MEDLINE literature database (1966-2006) was searched using the keywords and phrases: sepsis, septicemia, septic shock, endotoxemia, persistent pulmonary hypertension, nitric oxide, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), and American College of Critical Care Medicine guidelines. Best practice centers that reported best outcomes were identified and their practices examined as models of care. Using a modified Delphi method, 30 experts graded new literature. Over 30 additional experts then reviewed the updated recommendations. The document was subsequently modified until there was greater than 90% expert consensus.
    Results: The 2002 guidelines were widely disseminated, translated into Spanish and Portuguese, and incorporated into Society of Critical Care Medicine and AHA sanctioned recommendations. Centers that implemented the 2002 guidelines reported best practice outcomes (hospital mortality 1%-3% in previously healthy, and 7%-10% in chronically ill children). Early use of 2002 guidelines was associated with improved outcome in the community hospital emergency department (number needed to treat = 3.3) and tertiary pediatric intensive care setting (number needed to treat = 3.6); every hour that went by without guideline adherence was associated with a 1.4-fold increased mortality risk. The updated 2007 guidelines continue to recognize an increased likelihood that children with septic shock, compared with adults, require 1) proportionally larger quantities of fluid, 2) inotrope and vasodilator therapies, 3) hydrocortisone for absolute adrenal insufficiency, and 4) ECMO for refractory shock. The major new recommendation in the 2007 update is earlier use of inotrope support through peripheral access until central access is attained.
    Conclusion: The 2007 update continues to emphasize early use of age-specific therapies to attain time-sensitive goals, specifically recommending 1) first hour fluid resuscitation and inotrope therapy directed to goals of threshold heart rates, normal blood pressure, and capillary refill <or=2 secs, and 2) subsequent intensive care unit hemodynamic support directed to goals of central venous oxygen saturation >70% and cardiac index 3.3-6.0 L/min/m.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Child, Preschool ; Extracorporeal Circulation ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Pediatrics ; Shock, Septic/therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-03-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Practice Guideline
    ZDB-ID 197890-1
    ISSN 1530-0293 ; 0090-3493
    ISSN (online) 1530-0293
    ISSN 0090-3493
    DOI 10.1097/CCM.0b013e31819323c6
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