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  1. Article ; Online: Crucial safety issues on Janus kinase inhibitors in rheumatoid arthritis might be associated with the lack of LDL-cholesterol management: a reasoned literature analysis.

    Corrao, Salvatore

    Internal and emergency medicine

    2023  Volume 18, Issue 8, Page(s) 2157–2161

    Abstract: This point of view explores the safety concerns of Janus kinase inhibitors (JAK-Is), used in treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other rheumatologic conditions. Increasing evidence shows that JAK-Is may elevate the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), ...

    Abstract This point of view explores the safety concerns of Janus kinase inhibitors (JAK-Is), used in treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other rheumatologic conditions. Increasing evidence shows that JAK-Is may elevate the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), especially pulmonary embolism. This fact has prompted the European Medicines Agency to advise cautious use of these drugs in patients over 65, smokers, and those at risk of cardiovascular issues or cancer. The paper analyses the evidence on the association between VTE risk and RA and whether different JAK-Is pose different risks. It also probes the link between VTE, lipids, and JAK inhibition, noting that JAK-Is can alter HDL and LDL levels. On the other hand, some evidence indicates that tighter LDL-cholesterol control could mitigate VTE risk, particularly pulmonary embolism. Moreover, data from trials show little attention to treating this main cardiovascular and VTE risk factor in rheumatological patients. Although the lipid paradox theory emphasizes the U-shaped relationship between LDL cholesterol and cardiovascular risk in patients with RA, uncontrolled levels of clinically relevant LDL cholesterol remain closely linked to cardiovascular and VTE risk. In conclusion, high-potency statins could help to manage the increased cardiovascular and VTE risk concomitant to JAK-Is treatment in rheumatologic patients without depriving them of the best therapeutic choice and, in addition, reducing the inherent risk associated with the disease.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Janus Kinase Inhibitors/adverse effects ; Cholesterol, LDL/therapeutic use ; Antirheumatic Agents/adverse effects ; Venous Thromboembolism/drug therapy ; Azetidines/adverse effects ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/complications ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy ; Pulmonary Embolism/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances Janus Kinase Inhibitors ; Cholesterol, LDL ; Antirheumatic Agents ; Azetidines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-29
    Publishing country Italy
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2454173-4
    ISSN 1970-9366 ; 1828-0447
    ISSN (online) 1970-9366
    ISSN 1828-0447
    DOI 10.1007/s11739-023-03426-1
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 6673: Show issues Location:
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  2. Article ; Online: The critical role of abdominal obesity as a crucial cardiovascular risk factor.

    Corrao, Salvatore / Calvo, Luigi / Amico, Salvatore / Argano, Christiano

    Diabetes, obesity & metabolism

    2024  Volume 26, Issue 5, Page(s) 1967–1970

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Obesity, Abdominal/complications ; Obesity, Abdominal/epidemiology ; Risk Factors ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology ; Obesity/complications ; Obesity/epidemiology ; Heart Disease Risk Factors ; Body Mass Index ; Waist Circumference
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 1454944-x
    ISSN 1463-1326 ; 1462-8902
    ISSN (online) 1463-1326
    ISSN 1462-8902
    DOI 10.1111/dom.15467
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 5442: Show issues Location:
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  3. Article: What Is the Role of Basal Weekly Insulin in Clinical Practice? The State of the Art.

    Argano, Christiano / Priola, Laura / Manno, Francesco / Corrao, Salvatore

    Biomedicines

    2024  Volume 12, Issue 4

    Abstract: Despite the advent of innovative therapies in the treatment of diabetes, ever-increasing awareness is still directed to the role of insulin since it has continued to be at the centre of diabetes therapy for decades, as a therapeutic integration of ... ...

    Abstract Despite the advent of innovative therapies in the treatment of diabetes, ever-increasing awareness is still directed to the role of insulin since it has continued to be at the centre of diabetes therapy for decades, as a therapeutic integration of innovative agents in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), as the only replacement therapy in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and also in gestational diabetes. In this context, the study of molecules such as weekly basal insulins, both for their technological and pharmacodynamic innovation and their manageability and undoubted benefits in compliance with drug therapy, can only be a turning point in diabetes and for all its phenotypes. This review aims to provide insight into the knowledge of basal weekly insulins and their use in type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus by examining their safety, efficacy, manageability and increased therapeutic compliance.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-18
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2720867-9
    ISSN 2227-9059
    ISSN 2227-9059
    DOI 10.3390/biomedicines12040900
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  4. Article: Rethinking clinical decision-making to improve clinical reasoning.

    Corrao, Salvatore / Argano, Christiano

    Frontiers in medicine

    2022  Volume 9, Page(s) 900543

    Abstract: Improving clinical reasoning techniques is the right way to facilitate decision-making from prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic points of view. However, the process to do that is to fill knowledge gaps by studying and growing experience and knowing ... ...

    Abstract Improving clinical reasoning techniques is the right way to facilitate decision-making from prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic points of view. However, the process to do that is to fill knowledge gaps by studying and growing experience and knowing some cognitive aspects to raise the awareness of thinking mechanisms to avoid cognitive errors through correct educational training. This article examines clinical approaches and educational gaps in training medical students and young doctors. The authors explore the core elements of clinical reasoning, including metacognition, reasoning errors and cognitive biases, reasoning strategies, and ways to improve decision-making. The article addresses the dual-process theory of thought and the new Default Mode Network (DMN) theory. The reader may consider the article a first-level guide to deepen how to think and not what to think, knowing that this synthesis results from years of study and reasoning in clinical practice and educational settings.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-08
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2775999-4
    ISSN 2296-858X
    ISSN 2296-858X
    DOI 10.3389/fmed.2022.900543
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  5. Article ; Online: Small-area deprivation index does not improve the capability of multisource comorbidity score in mortality prediction.

    Rea, Federico / Ferrante, Mauro / Scondotto, Salvatore / Corrao, Giovanni

    Frontiers in public health

    2023  Volume 11, Page(s) 1128377

    Abstract: Background: The stratification of the general population according to health needs allows to provide better-tailored services. A simple score called Multisource Comorbidity Score (MCS) has been developed and validated for predicting several outcomes. ... ...

    Abstract Background: The stratification of the general population according to health needs allows to provide better-tailored services. A simple score called Multisource Comorbidity Score (MCS) has been developed and validated for predicting several outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the ability of MCS in predicting 1-year mortality improves by incorporating socioeconomic data (as measured by a deprivation index).
    Methods: Beneficiaries of the Italian National Health Service who in the index year (2018) were aged 50-85 years and were resident in the Sicily region for at least 2 years were identified. For each individual, the MCS was calculated according to his/her clinical profile, and the deprivation index of the census unit level of the individual's residence was collected. Frailty models were fitted to assess the relationship between the indexes (MCS and deprivation index) and 1-year mortality. Akaike information criterion and Bayesian information criterion statistics were used to compare the goodness of fit of the model that included only MCS and the model that also contained the deprivation index. The models were further compared by means of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).
    Results: The final cohort included 1,062,221 individuals, with a mortality rate of 15.6 deaths per 1,000 person-years. Both MCS and deprivation index were positively associated with mortality.The goodness of fit statistics of the two models were very similar. For MCS only and MCS plus deprivation index models, Akaike information criterion were 17,013 and 17,038, respectively, whereas Bayesian information criterion were 16,997 and 17,000, respectively. The AUC values were 0.78 for both models.
    Conclusion: The present study shows that socioeconomic features as measured by the deprivation index did not improve the capability of MCS in predicting 1-year risk of death. Future studies are needed to investigate other sources of data to enhance the risk stratification of populations.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Male ; Female ; State Medicine ; Bayes Theorem ; Comorbidity ; Italy ; ROC Curve
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-16
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2711781-9
    ISSN 2296-2565 ; 2296-2565
    ISSN (online) 2296-2565
    ISSN 2296-2565
    DOI 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1128377
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  6. Article ; Online: Rethinking clinical decision-making to improve clinical reasoning

    Salvatore Corrao / Christiano Argano

    Frontiers in Medicine, Vol

    2022  Volume 9

    Abstract: Improving clinical reasoning techniques is the right way to facilitate decision-making from prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic points of view. However, the process to do that is to fill knowledge gaps by studying and growing experience and knowing ... ...

    Abstract Improving clinical reasoning techniques is the right way to facilitate decision-making from prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic points of view. However, the process to do that is to fill knowledge gaps by studying and growing experience and knowing some cognitive aspects to raise the awareness of thinking mechanisms to avoid cognitive errors through correct educational training. This article examines clinical approaches and educational gaps in training medical students and young doctors. The authors explore the core elements of clinical reasoning, including metacognition, reasoning errors and cognitive biases, reasoning strategies, and ways to improve decision-making. The article addresses the dual-process theory of thought and the new Default Mode Network (DMN) theory. The reader may consider the article a first-level guide to deepen how to think and not what to think, knowing that this synthesis results from years of study and reasoning in clinical practice and educational settings.
    Keywords clinical reasoning ; metacognition ; cognitive biases ; Default Mode Network (DMN) ; clinical decision making ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 120
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article: Critical importance of patient-reported outcomes for a comprehensive assessment of psoriatic arthritis patients.

    Lo Monaco, Marika / Mallaci Bocchio, Raffaella / Natoli, Giuseppe / Giardina, Annarita / Cangemi, Ignazio / Scibetta, Salvatore / Argano, Christiano / Corrao, Salvatore

    Frontiers in medicine

    2024  Volume 10, Page(s) 1332432

    Abstract: Introduction: Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a heterogeneous, chronic inflammatory disease that negatively impacts patients' quality of life. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are used to capture patient perspectives in disease assessment, and ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a heterogeneous, chronic inflammatory disease that negatively impacts patients' quality of life. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are used to capture patient perspectives in disease assessment, and physicians use the Disease Activity Index for Psoriatic Arthritis (DAPSA) to evaluate disease activity in PsA. The study aimed to assess the relationship between PROMs and the DAPSA score in consecutive outpatients affected by PsA.
    Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2018 to October 2020 at the PsA clinic of the ARNAS Civico in Palermo (Italy), enrolling outpatients with PsA. Patients were assessed for their disease activity according to the DAPSA score, and PROMs, such as PHQ-9, HAQ, FACIT-F, and PsAID, were evaluated. Linear regression analysis evaluated the relationship between the DAPSA Score and the included PROMs.
    Results: 158 PsA consecutive peripheral subset psoriatic arthritis outpatients were recruited. The median years of illness was 10.6 (9.3-11.9), and the median DAPSA score was 19.02 (9-33.1). The regression analysis highlighted a strong relationship between the DAPSA score and the PsAID (adjR
    Conclusion: PROMs are strongly associated with the DAPSA score, but it allows in-depth evaluation of the impact of the disease on different domains of PsA patients' life.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-16
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2775999-4
    ISSN 2296-858X
    ISSN 2296-858X
    DOI 10.3389/fmed.2023.1332432
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  8. Article ; Online: Efficacy and effectiveness of sublingual immunotherapy for grass pollen allergy: Reply to the letter of Marcucci F.

    Salvatore, Corrao

    European journal of internal medicine

    2016  Volume 30, Page(s) e22

    MeSH term(s) Allergens ; Double-Blind Method ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Poaceae/immunology ; Pollen/immunology ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal ; Sublingual Immunotherapy
    Chemical Substances Allergens
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-05
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 1038679-8
    ISSN 1879-0828 ; 0953-6205
    ISSN (online) 1879-0828
    ISSN 0953-6205
    DOI 10.1016/j.ejim.2016.01.003
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 2608: Show issues Location:
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  9. Article ; Online: COVID-19, Cation Dysmetabolism, Sialic Acid, CD147, ACE2, Viroporins, Hepcidin and Ferroptosis: A Possible Unifying Hypothesis.

    Cavezzi, Attilio / Menicagli, Roberto / Troiani, Emidio / Corrao, Salvatore

    F1000Research

    2022  Volume 11, Page(s) 102

    Abstract: Background: ...

    Abstract Background:
    MeSH term(s) Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 ; COVID-19 ; Cations ; Endothelial Cells ; Ferroptosis ; Hepcidins ; Humans ; N-Acetylneuraminic Acid ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Viroporin Proteins
    Chemical Substances Cations ; Hepcidins ; Viroporin Proteins ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (EC 3.4.17.23) ; N-Acetylneuraminic Acid (GZP2782OP0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2699932-8
    ISSN 2046-1402 ; 2046-1402
    ISSN (online) 2046-1402
    ISSN 2046-1402
    DOI 10.12688/f1000research.108667.2
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  10. Article: Protective Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on COVID-19-Related Intensive Care Hospitalization and Mortality: Definitive Evidence from Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis.

    Argano, Christiano / Mallaci Bocchio, Raffaella / Natoli, Giuseppe / Scibetta, Salvatore / Lo Monaco, Marika / Corrao, Salvatore

    Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 16, Issue 1

    Abstract: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic represents one of the world's most important challenges for global public healthcare. Various studies have found an association between severe vitamin D deficiency and COVID-19-related outcomes. Vitamin D plays a ... ...

    Abstract Background: The COVID-19 pandemic represents one of the world's most important challenges for global public healthcare. Various studies have found an association between severe vitamin D deficiency and COVID-19-related outcomes. Vitamin D plays a crucial role in immune function and inflammation. Recent data have suggested a protective role of vitamin D in COVID-19-related health outcomes. The purpose of this meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis (TSA) was to better explain the strength of the association between the protective role of vitamin D supplementation and the risk of mortality and admission to intensive care units (ICUs) in patients with COVID-19.
    Methods: We searched four databases on 20 September 2022. Two reviewers screened the randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and assessed the risk of bias, independently and in duplicate. The pre-specified outcomes of interest were mortality and ICU admission.
    Results: We identified 78 bibliographic citations. After the reviewers' screening, only five RCTs were found to be suitable for our analysis. We performed meta-analyses and then TSAs. Vitamin D administration results in a decreased risk of death and ICU admission (standardized mean difference (95% CI): 0.49 (0.34-0.72) and 0.28 (0.20-0.39), respectively). The TSA of the protective role of vitamin D and ICU admission showed that, since the pooling of the studies reached a definite sample size, the positive association is conclusive. The TSA of the protective role of vitamin D in mortality risk showed that the z-curve was inside the alpha boundaries, indicating that the positive results need further studies.
    Discussion: The results of the meta-analyses and respective TSAs suggest a definitive association between the protective role of vitamin D and ICU hospitalization.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-16
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2193542-7
    ISSN 1424-8247
    ISSN 1424-8247
    DOI 10.3390/ph16010130
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