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Article: Investigation of ischemic and demyelinating lesions by cerebral vasoreactivity based on transcranial Doppler sonography: a comparative study.

Zoghi, Anahita / Petramfar, Peyman / Nikseresht, Alireza / Sakhaee, Ehsan

2018 Volume 14, Page(s) 2323–2328

Abstract: Purpose: Variations of cerebral blood flow in response to hypoxia and hyperoxia in different disease conditions can provide new insights into disease etiopathogenesis. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of cerebral vasoreactivity for ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: Variations of cerebral blood flow in response to hypoxia and hyperoxia in different disease conditions can provide new insights into disease etiopathogenesis. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of cerebral vasoreactivity for ischemia and demyelination. Materials and methods: This case-control study included: 28 patients with lacunar infarctions verified by history, physical examination, and MRI; 28 age- and sex-matched healthy controls; 28 patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS), based on McDonald criteria; and 28 age- and sex-matched healthy controls for the MS group. Transcranial Doppler sonography was undertaken in all subjects to calculate the mean flow velocity (MFV) of the right middle cerebral artery (MCA) and, after a breath-holding (BH) maneuver, the breath-holding index (BHI) was determined. Results: There was no significant difference of BHI and changes of MFV of the MCA in MS patients compared to controls (1.02 ± 0.4 vs 1.02 ± 0.3, Conclusion: Therefore, cerebral vasoreactivity determined by transcranial Doppler could be utilized for differentiating demyelinating from ischemic lesions.
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-09-11
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2186503-6
ISSN	1178-2021 ; 1176-6328
ISSN (online)	1178-2021
ISSN	1176-6328
DOI	10.2147/NDT.S150062
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Article ; Online: The role of microRNAs in the pathophysiology of human central nervous system: A focus on neurodegenerative diseases.

Rezaee, Delsuz / Saadatpour, Fatemeh / Akbari, Nayyereh / Zoghi, Anahita / Najafi, Sajad / Beyranvand, Parisa / Zamani-Rarani, Fahimeh / Rashidi, Mohammad Amin / Bagheri-Mohammadi, Saeid / Bakhtiari, Mohammad

Ageing research reviews

2023 Volume 92, Page(s) 102090

Abstract: microRNAs (miRNAs) are suggested to play substantial roles in regulating the development and various physiologic functions of the central nervous system (CNS). These include neurogenesis, cell fate and differentiation, morphogenesis, formation of ... ...

Abstract	microRNAs (miRNAs) are suggested to play substantial roles in regulating the development and various physiologic functions of the central nervous system (CNS). These include neurogenesis, cell fate and differentiation, morphogenesis, formation of dendrites, and targeting non-neural mRNAs. Notably, deregulation of an increasing number of miRNAs is associated with several neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and CNS tumors. They are particularly known to affect the amyloid β (Aβ) cleavage and accumulation, tau protein homeostasis, and expression of alpha-synuclein (α-syn), Parkin, PINK1, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) that play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. These include miR-16, miR-17-5p, miR-20a, miR-106a, miR-106b, miR-15a, miR-15b, miR-103, miR-107, miR-298, miR-328, miR-195, miR-485, and miR-29. In CNS tumors, several miRNAs, including miR-31, miR-16, and miR-21 have been identified to modulate tumorigenesis through impacting tumor invasion and apoptosis. In this review article, we have a look at the recent advances on our knowledge about the role of miRNAs in human brain development and functions, neurodegenerative diseases, and their clinical potentials.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; MicroRNAs/genetics ; MicroRNAs/metabolism ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/metabolism ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Alzheimer Disease/genetics ; Alzheimer Disease/metabolism ; Central Nervous System/metabolism ; Neoplasms
Chemical Substances	MicroRNAs ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; MIRN298 microRNA, human ; MIRN485 microRNA, human
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2075672-0
ISSN	1872-9649 ; 1568-1637
ISSN (online)	1872-9649
ISSN	1568-1637
DOI	10.1016/j.arr.2023.102090
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Article ; Online: A case of possible atypical demyelinating event of the central nervous system following COVID-19.

Zoghi, Anahita / Ramezani, Mahtab / Roozbeh, Mehrdad / Darazam, Ilad Alavi / Sahraian, Mohammad Ali

Multiple sclerosis and related disorders

2020 Volume 44, Page(s) 102324

Abstract: After the novel coronavirus disease outbreak first began in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, the viral epidemic has quickly spread across the world, and it is now a major public health concern. Here we present a 21-year-old male with encephalomyelitis ... ...

Abstract	After the novel coronavirus disease outbreak first began in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, the viral epidemic has quickly spread across the world, and it is now a major public health concern. Here we present a 21-year-old male with encephalomyelitis following intermittent vomiting and malaise for 4 days. He reported upper respiratory signs and symptoms 2 weeks before this presentation. Two cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analyses were notable for mononuclear pleocytosis, elevated protein (more than 100 mg/dl), and hypoglycorrhachia. Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) showed bilateral posterior internal capsule lesions extending to the ventral portion of the pons and a marbled splenium hyperintensity pattern. Cervical and thoracic MRI showed longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM), none of which were enhanced with gadolinium. Both the AQP4 and MOG antibodies were negative. Spiral chest computed tomography (CT) scan confirmed to COVID-19 as did the high IgG level against coronavirus, but the oropharyngeal swabs were negative. Neurological manifestations of COVID-19 have not been adequately studied. Some COVID-19 patients, especially those suffering from a severe disease, are highly likely to have central nervous system (CNS) manifestations. Our case is a post-COVID-19 demyelinating event in the CNS.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; COVID-19/complications ; Demyelinating Diseases/diagnostic imaging ; Demyelinating Diseases/virology ; Encephalomyelitis/diagnostic imaging ; Encephalomyelitis/virology ; Humans ; Lung/diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Young Adult
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-24
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2645330-7
ISSN	2211-0356 ; 2211-0348
ISSN (online)	2211-0356
ISSN	2211-0348
DOI	10.1016/j.msard.2020.102324
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Article ; Online: The PI3K/Akt signaling axis in Alzheimer's disease: a valuable target to stimulate or suppress?

Razani, Elham / Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi, Atieh / Safaroghli-Azar, Ava / Zoghi, Anahita / Shanaki-Bavarsad, Mahsa / Bashash, Davood

Cell stress & chaperones

2021 Volume 26, Issue 6, Page(s) 871–887

Abstract: Among the long list of age-related complications, Alzheimer's disease (AD) has the most dreadful impact on the quality of life due to its devastating effects on memory and cognitive abilities. Although a plausible correlation between the ... ...

Abstract	Among the long list of age-related complications, Alzheimer's disease (AD) has the most dreadful impact on the quality of life due to its devastating effects on memory and cognitive abilities. Although a plausible correlation between the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling and different processes involved in neurodegeneration has been evidenced, few articles reviewed the task. The current review aims to unravel the mechanisms by which the PI3K pathway plays pro-survival roles in normal conditions, and also to discuss the original data obtained from international research laboratories on this topic. Responses to questions on how alterations of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway affect Tau phosphorylation and the amyloid cascade are given. In addition, we provide a general overview of the association between oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, alterations of insulin signaling, and altered autophagy with aberrant activation of this axis in the AD brain. The last section provides a special focus on the therapeutic possibility of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR modulators, either categorized as chemicals or herbals, in AD. In conclusion, determining the correct timing for the administration of the drugs seems to be one of the most important factors in the success of these agents. Also, the role of the PI3K/Akt signaling axis in the progression or repression of AD widely depends on the context of the cells; generally speaking, while PI3K/Akt activation in neurons and neural stem cells is favorable, its activation in microglia cells may be harmful.
MeSH term(s)	Alzheimer Disease/genetics ; Alzheimer Disease/pathology ; Alzheimer Disease/therapy ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/genetics ; Autophagy/genetics ; Hippocampus/metabolism ; Hippocampus/pathology ; Humans ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Neurons/metabolism ; Neurons/pathology ; Oxidative Stress/genetics ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/therapeutic use ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/therapeutic use ; Signal Transduction/genetics ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Amyloid beta-Peptides ; MTOR protein, human (EC 2.7.1.1) ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt (EC 2.7.11.1) ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases (EC 2.7.11.1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-13
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	1362749-1
ISSN	1466-1268 ; 1355-8145
ISSN (online)	1466-1268
ISSN	1355-8145
DOI	10.1007/s12192-021-01231-3
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Article ; Online: A case of possible atypical demyelinating event of the central nervous system following COVID-19

Zoghi, Anahita / Ramezani, Mahtab / Roozbeh, Mehrdad / Darazam, Ilad Alavi / Sahraian, Mohammad Ali

Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders

2020 Volume 44, Page(s) 102324

Keywords	Neurology ; Clinical Neurology ; General Medicine ; covid19
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier BV
Publishing country	us
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2645330-7
ISSN	2211-0356 ; 2211-0348
ISSN (online)	2211-0356
ISSN	2211-0348
DOI	10.1016/j.msard.2020.102324
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Article ; Online: Evaluation of the epidemiologic, clinical, radiologic, and treatment methods of patients with subacute and chronic meningitis.

Bineshfar, Niloufar / Rezaei, Ali / Mirahmadi, Alireza / Shokouhi, Shervin / Gharehbagh, Farid Javandoust / Haghighi, Mehrdad / Harandi, Ali Amini / Shojaei, Maziar / Ramezani, Mahtab / Zoghi, Anahita / Gharagozli, Kourosh / Lotfollahi, Legha / Darazam, Ilad Alavi

BMC neurology

2022 Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 340

Abstract: Background: Meningitis is known as a meningeal inflammation accompanied by pleocytosis in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and can be classified into acute, subacute, and chronic meningitis based on symptoms duration of ≤ 5 days, ≥ 5 days and ≥ 4 weeks, ... ...

Abstract	Background: Meningitis is known as a meningeal inflammation accompanied by pleocytosis in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and can be classified into acute, subacute, and chronic meningitis based on symptoms duration of ≤ 5 days, ≥ 5 days and ≥ 4 weeks, respectively. Subacute and chronic meningitis are caused mainly by indolent infectious agents and noninfectious causes such as autoimmune, and neoplastic. In this study, we investigated the characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of subacute and chronic meningitis. Methods: We extracted the medical records of patients with chronic and subacute meningitis who were referred to three tertiary centers from Jun 2011 to Jun 2021. Initially, 2050 cases of meningitis were screened, and then 79 patients were included in the study. Results: Headache (87.3%), nausea and vomiting (74.7%), fever (56.4%), and visual impairments (55.7%) were the most prevalent symptoms. The most common signs were nuchal rigidity (45.3%), altered mental status (26.9%), and papillary edema (37.5%). Brain computed tomography (CT) was normal in 68.6% of the patients while 22.9% of the cases had hydrocephalus. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was normal in 60.0% of the patients. The most common abnormal MRI findings were leptomeningeal enhancement (16.0%) and hydrocephalus (16.0%). We had a 44.3% definite diagnosis with bacterial (n:25, 31.6%) and neoplastic (n:8, 10.1%) being the most prevalent etiologies. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (60%) and Brucella spp. (12%) were the most prevalent bacterial pathogens. Conclusions: The most common etiologies include infectious, neoplastic, and immunologic. Due to insidious presentation and uncommon etiologies, establishing a proper diagnosis, and providing timely targeted treatment for patients with subacute and chronic meningitis remains a challenge for clinicians.
MeSH term(s)	Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Meningitis/diagnostic imaging ; Meningitis/epidemiology ; Meningitis/therapy ; Neuroimaging
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2041347-6
ISSN	1471-2377 ; 1471-2377
ISSN (online)	1471-2377
ISSN	1471-2377
DOI	10.1186/s12883-022-02873-1
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Article ; Online: Idiopathic hypertrophic pachymeningitis

Anahita zoghi / Navid Rahimi / Shervin shokouhi / Ehsan sakhaee

International Journal of Medical Research and Health Sciences, Vol 5, Iss 4, Pp 190-

A case report and review of the literature

2016 Volume 197

Abstract: We report the treatment and follow-up, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of a patient with idiopathic hypertrophic pachymeningitis and review the literature published in 21th century, with emphasis on the management and clinical outcomes of this ...

Abstract	We report the treatment and follow-up, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of a patient with idiopathic hypertrophic pachymeningitis and review the literature published in 21th century, with emphasis on the management and clinical outcomes of this rare disorder. Hypertrophic pachymeningitis is extremely rare. It is a fibrosing inflammatory process which involves the dura mater. Numerous pathological entities produce thickening of the pachymeninges. Thus, idiopathic hypertrophic pachymeningitis is diagnosed by exclusion. We present a case of patient with idiopathic hypertrophic pachymeningitis who had varied clinical presentation. Imaging studies revealed diffuse thickening of the pachymeninges.
Keywords	Pachymeningitis ; Hypertrophic ; Medicine ; R ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Sumathi Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Delayed Motor Cortex Intracerebrall Hemorrhage Presented as Status Epilepticus Following Foramen Magnum Meningioma Surgery

Guive Shrifi / Anahita Zoghi / Fereshteh Ghadiri / Mohammad Halajnejad

International Clinical Neuroscience Journal, Vol 2, Iss 3, Pp 114-

2015 Volume 116

Abstract: Meningiomas are rare tumors of posterior fossa. Delayed intracranial hemorrhage is a rare complication of surgeries in this territory. Herein, we report a case of status epilepticus as a result of delayed motor cortex hemorrhage, complicating resection ... ...

Abstract	Meningiomas are rare tumors of posterior fossa. Delayed intracranial hemorrhage is a rare complication of surgeries in this territory. Herein, we report a case of status epilepticus as a result of delayed motor cortex hemorrhage, complicating resection of a meningioma arising from foramen magnum.
Keywords	Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: A case of possible atypical demyelinating event of the central nervous system following COVID-19

Zoghi, Anahita / Ramezani, Mahtab / Roozbeh, Mehrdad / Darazam, Ilad Alavi / Sahraian, Mohammad Ali

Mult Scler Relat Disord

Abstract	After the novel coronavirus disease outbreak first began in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, the viral epidemic has quickly spread across the world, and it is now a major public health concern. Here we present a 21-year-old male with encephalomyelitis following intermittent vomiting and malaise for 4 days. He reported upper respiratory signs and symptoms 2 weeks before this presentation. Two cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analyses were notable for mononuclear pleocytosis, elevated protein (more than 100 mg/dl), and hypoglycorrhachia. Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) showed bilateral posterior internal capsule lesions extending to the ventral portion of the pons and a marbled splenium hyperintensity pattern. Cervical and thoracic MRI showed longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM), none of which were enhanced with gadolinium. Both the AQP4 and MOG antibodies were negative. Spiral chest computed tomography (CT) scan confirmed to COVID-19 as did the high IgG level against coronavirus, but the oropharyngeal swabs were negative. Neurological manifestations of COVID-19 have not been adequately studied. Some COVID-19 patients, especially those suffering from a severe disease, are highly likely to have central nervous system (CNS) manifestations. Our case is a post-COVID-19 demyelinating event in the CNS.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #613379
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Neurological manifestations as the predictors of severity and mortality in hospitalized individuals with COVID-19: a multicenter prospective clinical study.

Amanat, Man / Rezaei, Nima / Roozbeh, Mehrdad / Shojaei, Maziar / Tafakhori, Abbas / Zoghi, Anahita / Darazam, Ilad Alavi / Salehi, Mona / Karimialavijeh, Ehsan / Lima, Behnam Safarpour / Garakani, Amir / Vaccaro, Alexander / Ramezani, Mahtab

BMC neurology

2021 Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 116

Abstract: Backgrounds: The reports of neurological symptoms are increasing in cases with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This multi-center prospective study was conducted to determine the incidence of neurological manifestations in hospitalized cases with ... ...

Abstract	Backgrounds: The reports of neurological symptoms are increasing in cases with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This multi-center prospective study was conducted to determine the incidence of neurological manifestations in hospitalized cases with COVID-19 and assess these symptoms as the predictors of severity and death. Methods: Hospitalized males and females with COVID-19 who aged over 18 years were included in the study. They were examined by two neurologists at the time of admission. All survived cases were followed for 8 weeks after discharge and 16 weeks if their symptoms had no improvements. Results: We included 873 participants. Of eligible cases, 122 individuals (13.97%) died during hospitalization. The most common non-neurological manifestations were fever (81.1%), cough (76.1%), fatigue (36.1%), and shortness of breath (27.6%). Aging, male gender, co-morbidity, smoking, hemoptysis, chest tightness, and shortness of breath were associated with increased odds of severe cases and/or mortality. There were 561 (64.3%) cases with smell and taste dysfunctions (hyposmia: 58.6%; anosmia: 41.4%; dysguesia: 100%). They were more common among females (69.7%) and non-smokers (66.7%). Hyposmia/anosmia and dysgeusia were found to be associated with reduced odds of severe cases and mortality. Myalgia (24.8%), headaches (12.6%), and dizziness (11.9%) were other common neurological symptoms. Headaches had negative correlation with severity and death due to COVID-19 but myalgia and dizziness were not associated. The cerebrovascular events (n = 10) and status epilepticus (n = 1) were other neurological findings. The partial or full recovery of smell and taste dysfunctions was found in 95.2% after 8 weeks and 97.3% after 16 weeks. The parosmia (30.9%) and phantosmia (9.0%) were also reported during 8 weeks of follow-up. Five cases with mild headaches and 5 cases with myalgia were reported after 16 weeks of discharge. The demyelinating myelitis (n = 1) and Guillain-Barré syndrome (n = 1) were also found during follow-up. Conclusion: Neurological symptoms were found to be prevalent among individuals with COVID-19 disease and should not be under-estimated during the current pandemic outbreak.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; COVID-19/complications ; COVID-19/mortality ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nervous System Diseases/epidemiology ; Nervous System Diseases/virology ; Prognosis ; Prospective Studies ; SARS-CoV-2
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Clinical Study ; Journal Article ; Multicenter Study
ZDB-ID	2041347-6
ISSN	1471-2377 ; 1471-2377
ISSN (online)	1471-2377
ISSN	1471-2377
DOI	10.1186/s12883-021-02152-5
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